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    Lect 3

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    arif
    The document discusses major spheres in the environment including ecology, physico-chemical parameters, and human interest. It covers topics like aquatic and terrestrial ecology, land and groundwater characteristics, and socio-economic and health impacts. The document also defines environmental impact assessment and discusses the importance of establishing a baseline situation to identify and measure impacts.

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    Lect 3

    Uploaded by

    arif
    13 views15 pages
    The document discusses major spheres in the environment including ecology, physico-chemical parameters, and human interest. It covers topics like aquatic and terrestrial ecology, land and groundwater characteristics, and socio-economic and health impacts. The document also defines environmental impact assessment and discusses the importance of establishing a baseline situation to identify and measure impacts.

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    Lect-3

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    The document discusses major spheres in the environment including ecology, physico-chemical parameters, and human interest. It covers topics like aquatic and terrestrial ecology, land and groundwater characteristics, and socio-economic and health impacts. The document also defines environmental impact assessment and discusses the importance of establishing a baseline situation to identify and measure impacts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    13 views15 pages

    Lect 3

    Uploaded by

    arif
    The document discusses major spheres in the environment including ecology, physico-chemical parameters, and human interest. It covers topics like aquatic and terrestrial ecology, land and groundwater characteristics, and socio-economic and health impacts. The document also defines environmental impact assessment and discusses the importance of establishing a baseline situation to identify and measure impacts.

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    Major spheres in environment

    Earth systems
    Major parts of environmental Parameters

    ECOLOGY

    PHYSICO-
    CHEMICAL
    HUMAN
    INTEREST
    Ecology

    Aquatic Terrestrial
    – Fisheries  Forest
    – Eutrophication  Wildlife
    – Aquatic Weeds  Species diversity
    – Species diversity  Endangered species
    – Endangered species
    Physico-chemical

    Land Groundwater
    – Erosion and Siltation  Regional Hydrology

    – Backwater Effect  Recharge

    – Bank stability  Water table

    – Drainage  Water Pollution

    – Soil characteristics
    Surface water Atmosphere
    – Regional Hydrology  Air pollution

    – Silt Load  Dust Pollution

    – Water Pollution  Noise Pollution


    Human Interest
     Socio-Economic
    • Health  Land Loss
    – Diseases  Crop Production
     Aquaculture
    – Sanitation
     Irrigation
    – Nutrients  Navigation
     Flood Control
    • Aesthetic  Transport
    – Landscape  Re-settlement
    – Recreation  Employment
     Agro-industrial
    Environmental categories to be considered in
    identifying and evaluating significant impacts
    Review: Definition of EIA
    Environmental


    Impact Assessment is

    a formal process for identifying:


    • likely effects of activities or Environment is
    projects on the broadly interpreted:
    ENVIRONMENT, and on physical, biological,
    human health and welfare. and social.
    • means and measures to
    mitigate & monitor these In EIA, the term
    “impacts” is used
    impacts
    instead of “effects
    of activities.”
    What is an
    impact?
    What is an impact?

    The impact of an activity is a


    deviation (a change) from The baseline
    the baseline situation that is situation is the
    existing
    caused by the activity. environmental
    situation or
    condition in the
    absence of the
    To measure an impact, you activity.
    must know what the
    The baseline
    baseline situation is. situation is a key
    concept in EIA.
    The baseline situation
    Water Quantity, quality, reliability,
    In characterizing the accessibility
    baseline situation,
    Soils Erosion, crop productivity,
    many environmental fallow periods, salinity,
    components MAY be nutrient concentrations
    of interest Fauna Populations, habitat

    Env Health Disease vectors, pathogens

    Flora Composition and density of


    natural vegetation,
    productivity, key species

    Special Key species


    ecosystems
    Types of impacts & their attributes

    Direct & indirect


    The EIA process is impacts
    concerned with
    Short-term & long-
    all types of impacts term impacts
    and may describe them in
    Adverse & beneficial
    a number of ways impacts
    Cumulative impacts
     Intensity
     Direction
     Spatial extent
     Duration
    But all impacts are
     Frequency
     Reversibility NOT treated
     Probability equally.

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