Management: Chapter 6: Leading

MANAGEMENT
Chapter 6: Leading
Questions
1. What is organizational structure?
2. What factors affect an organizational structure design?
3. What is the purpose of HRM?
4. What components does HRM include?
5. What is the difference between recruitment and selection?
6. What is the difference between training and development?
7. What is the difference between performance appraisal and feedback?

Learning objectives of chapter 6
• Define what leading is.
• Explain models of leadership.
• Define what motivation is.
• Explain theories of motivation.

Content
Topic 1 Leadership
Topic 2 Motivation
Topic 1: Leadership.
Topic 1: The goal and concept of management.
After studying this topic, you should be able to:
• Define what leadership is.
• Explain trait, behavior, contingency, transformational models.

Content
 Leadership and Leader
 Leader and Manager
 Effective leader
 Leadership models: Trait, behavior, contingency, transformational.

Questions Topic 1
1. What is leadership?
2. What is the difference between manager and leader?
3. What is effective leader?
4. What is trait? List 8 traits in the model.
5. What is contingency? Explain the model.
6. What is transformation leadership model? Explain 4 different

components of transformational leadership in the model.
7. What is behavior model?

1. Leadership and Leader
Others
organizational
Achieve exerts influence
goals.
directs, inspires, motivates Leadership

2. The difference b/t Leader & Manager
Item Manager Leader

Nature Stable Changing
Regulation Create Break
Approach Specific Orientation
Culture Implementation Establishment
Leader: focus on people Conflict Avoid Usage
How to do available new

Manager: focus on work
Reward Benefit Recognition
Decision making Decision making Feasibility
Vision Long term Realistic
Style Specific assignment Changing, influence

3. Effective Leader
P.
Effective Leader
O.
L. Effective Leader - Highly motivated, committed, and high-performing

Ineffective Leader - demotivated, dissatisfied, no effort
C.
4. Models of leadership
Trait model Behavior Contingency Transformational

models models Model
4.1 Trait model
Why does everyone act in different ways

in the same job?
What is trait?
Trait is a particular characteristic,

quality that someone has. Traits
=> Personality trait
The trait model of leadership focused on identifying the personal

characteristics that cause effective leadership
4.1 Trait model
Trait Description
Intelligence Helps managers understand complex issues and solve problems.
Knowledge and Helps managers make good decisions and discover ways to increase efficiency and effectiveness.
expertise
Dominance Helps managers influence their subordinates to achieve organizational goals.
Self-confident Contributes to managers’ effectively influencing subordinates and persisting when faced with obstacles.
High energy Helps managers deal with the many demands they face.
Tolerance for stress Helps managers deal with the uncertainty and make difficult decisions.
Integrity and honesty Helps managers behave ethically and earn their subordinates’ trust and confidence.
Maturity Helps managers avoid acting selfishly, control their feelings, and admit when they have made a mistake.
4.2 Behavior model
What is behavior?
Behavior is the way that someone behaves or conduct other people.
4.2 Behavior model
Consideratio
n
Behavior
model
Initiating
structure
4.3 Contingency model
What is contingency? Situation
All the circumstances or things that are happening

at a particular time and in a particular place.
What is contingency? Situation
All the circumstances or things that are happening

at a particular time and in a particular place.
Situational
Leader styles
variables
Relationship between
style and situation
High-quality
Developing good
Relationship relationship with
interpersonal
-oriented relationship with
subordinates
subordinates
Leader
style Ensuring
Task- subordinates Focus on task
oriented do at a high accomplishment
level
Leader-
member
relation
Situational
Task structure
Variables
Position power
© ManagementStudyGuide.com. All rights reserved.
4.4 Transformational Leadership model
Topic 2: Motivation.
After studying this topic, you should be able to:
 Define what motivation is.
 Explain the intrinsic and extrinsic motivation
 Describe the Motivation Equation
 Describe the expectancy, need, and equity motivation theories.

Content
 What is motivation?
 Intrinsic and Extrinsic motivation
 The Motivation Equation
 Motivation theories: Expectancy, need, Equity Theory.

Questions Topic 2
1. What is motivation?
2. Where does motivation come from?
3. Explain the Motivation Equation.
4. Explain is expectancy theory?
5. What is need theory? And explain Maslow, Alderfer, McCleland
theories.
6. Explain Herzberg two - factor theory.
7. Explain Equity Theory.
1. What is motivation?
1. Why do people climb the mountain?

“Psychological forces that
Motivation determine the direction of a
person’s behavior in an
organization, a person’s level
of effort, and a person’s level
of persistence in the face of
obstacles/hindrance”.
2. Where does motivation come from?
Intrinsically motivated behavior Extrinsically motivated behavior
Intrinsic Motivation Extrinsic Motivation

• Participating in a sport because you • Participating in a sport to win awards
• Cleaning your room to avoid being
find the activity enjoyable
reprimanded by your parents
• Cleaning your room because you like
tidying up • Competing in a contest to win a
• Solving a word puzzle because you find scholarship
the challenge fun and exciting • Studying because you want to get a
• Studying a subject you find fascinating good grade
Prosocial motivated behavior is behavior that is performed to benefit or help others.

3. The Motivation Equation
4.1 Expectancy Theory
What is expectancy?
Vroom Expectancy Motivation Theory
Reward
Performance
Effort
4.3 Need Motivation Theory
Do you have any Need? A requirement or

necessity for survival
and well-being.
Action
Maslow theory(1808-1970)
Thuyết E.R.G của Clayton Alderfer
Thuyết của David McCleland (1917-1998)
Herzberg two - factor theory (1923-2000)
Equity Theory
Equity Equations
Conditions Individual Compared with others
Equity Outcome = Outcome
Inputs Inputs
Underpayment Outcome < Outcome

inequity Inputs Inputs
Overpayment inequity Outcome > Outcome
Inputs Inputs

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MANAGEMENT

1. What is organizational structure?

2. What factors affect an organizational structure design?

3. What is the purpose of HRM?

4. What components does HRM include?

5. What is the difference between recruitment and selection?

6. What is the difference between training and development?

7. What is the difference between performance appraisal and feedback?

• Define what leading is.

• Explain models of leadership.

• Define what motivation is.

• Explain theories of motivation.

After studying this topic, you should be able to:

• Define what leadership is.

• Explain trait, behavior, contingency, transformational models.

 Leadership and Leader

 Leader and Manager

 Leadership models: Trait, behavior, contingency, transformational.

2. What is the difference between manager and leader?

3. What is effective leader?

4. What is trait? List 8 traits in the model.

5. What is contingency? Explain the model.

6. What is transformation leadership model? Explain 4 different

7. What is behavior model?

directs, inspires, motivates Leadership

Item Manager Leader

Regulation Create Break

Approach Specific Orientation

Culture Implementation Establishment

Leader: focus on people Conflict Avoid Usage

How to do available new

Decision making Decision making Feasibility

Vision Long term Realistic

Style Specific assignment Changing, influence

L. Effective Leader - Highly motivated, committed, and high-performing

Trait model Behavior Contingency Transformational

Why does everyone act in different ways

Trait is a particular characteristic,

The trait model of leadership focused on identifying the personal

Intelligence Helps managers understand complex issues and solve problems.

Dominance Helps managers influence their subordinates to achieve organizational goals.

What is contingency? Situation

All the circumstances or things that are happening

What is contingency? Situation

All the circumstances or things that are happening

After studying this topic, you should be able to:

 Define what motivation is.

 Explain the intrinsic and extrinsic motivation

 Describe the Motivation Equation

 Describe the expectancy, need, and equity motivation theories.

 Intrinsic and Extrinsic motivation

 The Motivation Equation

 Motivation theories: Expectancy, need, Equity Theory.

1. Why do people climb the mountain?

Intrinsically motivated behavior Extrinsically motivated behavior

Intrinsic Motivation Extrinsic Motivation

Prosocial motivated behavior is behavior that is performed to benefit or help others.

Do you have any Need? A requirement or

Conditions Individual Compared with others