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Lecture 7 - Sets and Set Theory

This document outlines topics in discrete mathematics including definitions of sets, set membership, subsets, defining sets using roster and builder notation, set equality, cardinality, power sets, Cartesian products, and set operations like union, intersection, complement and relative complement. It provides examples and questions to illustrate these concepts. Generalized unions and intersections are also introduced. The document contains 18 pages and is a lecture outline on sets and set theory with the goal of explaining fundamental set concepts and notation.

Uploaded by

Aarif
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
84 views

Lecture 7 - Sets and Set Theory

This document outlines topics in discrete mathematics including definitions of sets, set membership, subsets, defining sets using roster and builder notation, set equality, cardinality, power sets, Cartesian products, and set operations like union, intersection, complement and relative complement. It provides examples and questions to illustrate these concepts. Generalized unions and intersections are also introduced. The document contains 18 pages and is a lecture outline on sets and set theory with the goal of explaining fundamental set concepts and notation.

Uploaded by

Aarif
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MTH 2204 – Discrete Mathematics

Lecture 7 – Sets and Set Theory


-Aarif Baksh

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Outline

7.1. Definitions – Set, Membership, Subset (Proper and Improper)

7.2. Defining a Set – Set Roster and Set Builder

7.3. Set Equality, Cardinality, Power Set, Cartesian Product

7.4. Set Operations – Union, Intersection, Complement, Relative Complement

7.5. Generalized Unions and Intersections

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7.1. Definitions – Set, Membership, Subset

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7.1. Definitions – Set, Membership, Subset

Q. Which of the following are true statements?


a. 2 ∈ {1, 2, 3}
b. {2} ∈ {1, 2, 3}
c. 2 ⊆ {1, 2, 3}
d. {2} ⊆ {1, 2, 3}
e. {2} ⊆ {{1}, {2}}
f. {2} ∈ {{1}, {2}}

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7.2. Defining a Set – Set Roster and Set Builder

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7.2. Defining a Set – Set Roster and Set Builder

Q. Use set-roster notation is used to define the following sets.


-The set of vowels, V

-The set of numbers between and 100

-The set of natural numbers, N

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7.2. Defining a Set – Set Roster and Set Builder

Q. Given that R denotes the set of all real numbers, Z the set of all integers,
 

and Z+ the set of all positive integers, describe each of the following sets.
i) {x ∈ |−2 < x < 5}

ii) {x ∈ ℤ |−2 < x < 5}

iii) {x ∈ |−2 < x ≤ 5}

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7.3. Set Equality, Cardinality, Power Set, Cartesian Product

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7.3. Set Equality, Cardinality, Power Set, Cartesian Product

Q. Let A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {3, 1, 2}, and C = {1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3}. What are the
elements of A, B, and C? How are A, B, and C related?

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7.3. Set Equality, Cardinality, Power Set, Cartesian Product

Q. What is the cardinality of the following sets:


i) A={1, 2, 3, 4}

ii) B = {n ∈ Z | 0 ≤ n ≤ 100}

iii) C= {1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 4}

iv) The set of all integers, Z

v) D = { a, {b, c}}

vi) K = { 1, {1}, {1, 1}}


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7.3. Set Equality, Cardinality, Power Set, Cartesian Product

Q. What is the power set of A={1, 2, 3, 4}

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7.3. Set Equality, Cardinality, Power Set, Cartesian Product

Q. What is the Cartesian product A x B if A={1, 2, 3, 4} and B ={a,b,c}

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7.4. Set Operations – Union, Intersection, Complement, Relative
Complement

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7.4. Set Operations – Union, Intersection, Complement, Relative
Complement
Q. Use an element-wise proof to show that
 

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7.4. Set Operations – Union, Intersection, Complement, Relative
Complement
Q. Use an element-wise proof to show that
 

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7.5. Generalized Unions and Intersections

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7.5. Generalized Unions and Intersections
 
Q. Let

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7.5. Generalized Unions and Intersections
 
Q. Let

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