AYUSH

PRESENTOR: Miss Ravneet Kaur

M.Sc.Nsg 1st yr
MODERATOR: Dr.Mrs.Sushma Saini
Lect.
N.I.N.E
 INTRODUCTION
 India, an ancient civilization, has varied community supported
living traditions, including medical traditions; Indian medical
traditions include folk medicine and classical medical system.
 The folk medicine is based on locally available herbs
,flora ,fauna and minerals ,
 The classical medicine stream of Indian medical traditions is
theory based having body of knowledge on all branches of
medicine and surgery and documented in several regional
manuscripts.
 Ayurveda is the main indigenous classical medical system in
India.
Introduction contd…
 The other traditional medical systems include
YOGA, NATUROPATHY, UNANI, SIDHA and
HOMEOPATHY.
 Known as Indian system of medicine.
 Practiced in government as well as In private
sector.
 The department of ISM&H was established in the
ministry of health and family welfare in march
1995.
 It is providing services through private, voluntary
and government systems at the primary,
secondary and tertiary level.
AYURVEDA
SYSTEM
OF
MEDICINE
(ASM)
ORGINE AND NATURE
 Ayurveda is ancient system of medicine practiced
in India, Its documentation dates back to Veda
period (5000bc).

 The word ayurveda (ayur+veda) implies the science

of life.

 The origin of ayurveda is linked with origin of

universe and its is developed from the hymns from
atharvaveda (one of the four Vedas) describing
fundamentals/philosophies about the world and life,
diseases, and medicine.

 .
CONTD….
 Around 1000 BC the comprehensive
documentation of the knowledge of ayurveda
was done by charka in charka samihita and by
sushruta samihita.

 The classical medical knowledge in

ayurveda has been used and
transmitted from one generation to
another generation regional schools of
ayurveda in different parts of the country
THEORETICAL BASIS
 Ayurveda emphasizes preventative
and healing therapies along with
various methods of purification and
rejuvenation.

 Ayurveda is more than a mere

healing system; it is a science and an
art of appropriate living which helps
to achieve longevity.

 It can guide every individual in the

proper choice of diet, living habits
and exercise to restore balance in
the body, mind and consciousness.
Contd……
 Ayurveda takes holistic view of health comprising of
four integrated components.
 The body of knowledge of ayurveda is derived from
darshanas (sciences)
 The practice of ayurveda is based on the theory of
panch mahabhutas (five elements).
 According to this theory all the objects and living
beings are composed of five elements .
 These 5 elements are represented in combination in
the form of tridosha e.g. vata (earth and air),
pitta (fire) and kapha (water & earth),
 CONTD…..
• According to Ayurveda seven basic
constitutions : vata, pitta, kapha,
vata-pitta, pitta-kapha, kapha-vata and
vata-pitta-kapha.
• Every individual constitution has its own unique balance
of V-P-K according to its own nature.
• In addition to 3 doshas, ayurveda considers human
beings as a combination of 7 body tissues (sapta
dhatu), five senses (panch-indriyas) performing sensory
and motor functions, intellect (budhi), mind (manas)
and soul (atman).
CONTD….
 The internal environment is governed by
V-P-K.

 which is constantly reacting to the external

environment.

 The wrong diet, habits, lifestyle,

incompatible food combinations, seasonal
changes, repressed emotions and stress
factors can all act either together or
separately to change the balance of V-P-K.
Contd…….
THEORATICAL BASIS CONTD…..

 Every so-called disease is a crisis of ama

toxicity.
 Ama is the basic internal cause of all
Disease, due to the aggravated doshas.
 To stop the further production of ama
Ayurvedic literature suggests putting the
person on a proper diet with appropriate
lifestyle, habits and exercise, and
administering a proper cleansing program such
as panchakarma.
 DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
 The treatment in ayurveda is individualized, it requires not only
diagnosis of disease to prescribe medicine but also study of various
factors such as age and sex; temperament; sleep; rest and work
pattern; diet; metabolic fire (Agni).

 Diagnosis in ayurveda system is done on the basis

of history taking and examination of pulse, urine,
faeces, tongue, eyes etc.

Treatment
 preventive measures include personal hygiene, regular daily routine,
appropriate use of rasayana sevana i.e. food and rasayan drugs
,appropriate social behavior .

 The curative measures include three major measures including

aushadhi i.e.drugs,anna i.e. diets and vihara i.e. exercises and
general mode of life.
CONTD…..
Panchakarma Is one the method of ayurveda
treatment, it is one part of a group of therapies
belonging to a class of cleansing procedures called
shodhan.
Five basic shodhans: Cleansing Methods
1) Vaman: therapeutic vomiting or emesis
2) Virechan: purgation
3) Basti: enema
4) Nasya: elimination of toxins through the nose
5) Raktalmoksha: detoxification of the blood
 PRACTISE AND DRUGS STANDARDS

 Ayurveda is popular in the states of Kerala, Himachal

Pradesh, Gujarat, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan,
Uttar Pradesh and Orissa.

 it is practiced both in private as well as in govt. sector.

 it mainly deals with the problems related to nervous system,

resp. system, gastrointestinal system, integumentary system,
musculoskeletal system.

 The ayurvedic drugs are available as raw drugs and

manufactured drugs.

 Ayurvedic pharmacopoeia committee (APC) has been set up

Standardization and quality control of ayurvedic drugs
mandatory under the drugs and cosmetic act 1940.
yoga
INTRODUCTION
 Yoga is a science which helps to
coordinate body and mind more
effectively.

 It promote mental,physical,social and

spiritual health.

 It also helps to prevention and cure of the

various psychosomatic disorders,psychic,and
physical disorders.
 Introduction contd
 The yogic practices have potential
for improvement
 personal and social behavior.
 individual resistance
 ability to endure stressful situations
 A number of postures are described
in yogic works to improve health ,
to prevent diseases, and to cure
illness .
CONTD………………
It is an ancient science , Described in Vedas. propounded
by patanjali about 2500 years ago .it consists of 8
components;
Restraining
Restraint senses

Austerity Contemplation

posture Meditation

Breathing
exercise Samadhi
Types of Yoga
 Japa Yoga: To concentrate one’s mind on devine
name, mantra etc like OM, Rama, Allah, God,
VaheGuru etc. Through repeated recitation or
remembrance.

 Karma Yoga: In this sadhana, a Yogi considers his

duty as divine action, perform it with whole-hearted
dedication but shuns away all desires.

 Gyana Yoga: Teaches us to discriminate between self

and non-self and to acquire the knowledge of one’s
spiritual entity through the study of scriptures,
company of Saints and practices of meditation.
Types contd….
 Bhakti Yoga: Bhakti Yoga, a system of intense
devotion with emphasis on complete surrender
to divine will.
 Raja Yoga: Raja Yoga popularly known as
“Ashtanga Yoga” is for all-round development
of human beings. These are Yama, Niyama,
Asana, Pranayama, Pratyahara, Dharana,
Dhyana and Samadhi.
 Swara yoga: it involves the systematic study of
the breath flowing through the nostrils in
relation to the prevaling phases of the
sun,moon,time of the day and direction .
Contd…..
 Kundalini Yoga:  Kundalini Yoga is a part of
Tantric Tradition. Since the dawn of
creation, the Tantrics and yogis have
realised that in this physical body, there is
a potential force residing in Muladhara
Charka, the first of seven Chakras.

 Nadi Yoga: Nadis are flow of energy which

we can visualize at the psychic level as
having distinct channels, light, colour, sound
and other characteristics.
 Unani
system
of
medicine
THE ORIGINE AND NATURE

 The unani system of medicine has its origin in

Greece before Christ under the patronage of
Hippocrates (377-460) & Galen.
 It was introduced in India around the eleventh
century.
 Due to its acceptance and continuous use by the
people ,in course of time ,it has become native
to India.
 It makes the use of naturally occurring,
mostly herbal medicines though
its uses ingredients of animal, marine
origine.
THEORETICAL BASIS
 The unani system of medicine is not only therapeutic in nature but
also deals with health promotion and prevention of diseases.

 It treats diseases and provides remedies in a systematic manner.

 The system is based on

4 humour theory of Hippocrates
i.e. blood, phlegm, yellow bile
and black bile.
CONTD…..

 Any change or disturbance in humours

brings about change in temperament of a
person affecting his health status .

 As long as the four humours are in balance

the individual remains healthy. Any
imbalance in humours result in disease
causation .
Thus ,the pathology ,diagnosis and
treatment is based on this theory .
 DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT METHODS

 The diagnosis of a disease is done by feeling pulse,

observation of urine ,stool, color of skin and gait ,the
treatment comprises of three components namely
preventive, promotive and curative.

 It seeks the restoration of the body as a whole to its

original state.

 Treatment
Regimental therapy (Ilaj-bil-Tadbir):It is special
technique/physical methods of treatment to improve the
constitution of body by removing waste materials and
improving the defence mechanism of the body and
protect health.
Best known “detoxification methods”.
Treatment contd……
 Venesectio (Fasd)
 Cupping (Al-hijama)
 Sweating (Tareeq)
 Diuresis (Idrar-e- baul)
 Turkish bath (Hamam)
 Massage (Dalk, Malish)
 Counter irritation
 Cauterization (Amal-e-Kae)
 Purging (Ishal)
 Vomiting (Qai)
 Exercise (Riyazat)
 Leeching( Taleeq-e-Ala)
 TREATMENT CONTD…..
 Dieto therapy (Ilaj-bil-Ghiza) 
 Food plays a key role.
 By regulating the quality and quantity of food several ailments
are treated successfully.
 Certain foods are considered as laxative, diuretic and diaphoretic
 Pharmacotherapy (Ilaj-bil-Dawa)
 Treatment involves the use of naturally occurring drugs, mostly
herbal.
 Drugs of animals and mineral origin are also used.
 Drugs are supposed to act by their temperament of being hot,
cold, moist and dry.
 As a matter of fact, drugs are classified into four classes
according to their temperament and the physicians consider its
potency, age and temperament of the patient, nature and
severity of diseases.
CONTD…..

 Surgery (Ilaj-bil-Yad ):This therapy

is of very limited use, although the Unani
system is credited to be pioneer in this
field and having developed its own
instruments and techniques.
 At present only minor surgery is in use in
the system.
PHARMACOPOEIA COMMITTEE

The unani pharmacopoeia committee is

constituted since 1964 to establish
standard of single and compound
formulations with the help of research
institutes /laboratories including
universities .
 Siddha
system of
medicine
INTRODUCTION

 One of the oldest system of

medicine in India.
 The term siddha implies
achievement.
 It was practiced by siddharas ,who
aimed to maintain perfect health in
order to achieve siddhi or heavenly
bliss.
 BASIC PHILOSPHY
 Intimate link between man and environment .

 All objects in the universe including

Human body are composed of 5
elements,earth ,water ,fire ,air
and space or ether.

 Food is the basic building material of the body which gets

processed into three doshas ,seven dhatus and three malas .

 Equilibrium between the three is considered to be ‘’health

‘’and disequilibrium between the three results in diseases or
sickness
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
METHODS

 The diagnosis of diseases involve identifying its

causes .causative factors are identified by
examination of pulse,eyes,color of the body
,tounge,status of digestive system, urine and
study of voice.

 The treatment of siddha system is not only

oriented to disease but also it takes into account
pt as a whole –age ,sex, race, habits ,mental
frame, diet ,appetite, physical conditions,
physiological constitution, his habitat, environment,
meteorological conditions.
TREATMENT CONTD….
• Treatment is individualized according
to the diagnosis in totality .
 Siddha medicine makes use of
mercury,silver,arsenic,lead,sulphur.
 The siddha system is effective in
treating chronic cases of rheumatic
problems,anaemia,peptic
ulcer,bleeding plies,liver and skin
diseases.
 The siddha system is largely
therapeutic in nature
HOMEOPATHY
SYSTEM
OF
MEDICINE
THE ORIGIN AND NATURE
 Homeopathy has been in practice for 170 years by
thousands of practitioners.

 The word ‘Homoeopathy’ is derived from

two Greek words, Homo is meaning
similar and pathos meaning suffering.

 Homoeopathy simply means treating

diseases with remedies, prescribed in
minute doses, which are capable of
producing symptoms similar to the
disease when taken by healthy people.
 BASIC LAWS

It is based on the theory of ‘’similia similibus

curenties ‘’or let like be treated by like.
In addition to laws of similar there are four cardinal
laws or principles ,

1. The law of direction of cure

2. The law of single remedy

3. The law of minimum doses

4. Theory of chronic diseases

DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT

The homeopathy is highly individualizing

process.

The physicians interest is to alleviate the

present symptoms and also long term well
being .

It has effective treatment for individuals with

chronic diseases.such as diabetes,arthritis
,bronchial asthma,skin,allergic,and immunological
disorders ,behavioural disorders,mental
diseases,and for several other diseases.
PHARMACOPOEIA

Homeopathic pharmacopoeia
laboratory has been set
up at the national level
at Ghaziabad for the purpose
of laying down the standards
and testing for identity ,purity
and quality of homeopathic medicines.
Naturo-
pathy
introduction
 Naturopathy system is not only therapeutic but
also it is a way of life.
 It is based mainly on application of
simple laws of nature.
 The system is closely associated with ayurveda as
far as its fundamental principles are concerned.
 Naturopathy is a holistic system and it helps
promote physical ,mental,emotional,social,spiritual
health by self regulation of life activities on a
normal and natural basis .
 Salient Features of Naturopathy
 All diseases, their causes and treatment are one.

 Except for traumatic and environmental conditions,

the cause of all diseases is one i.e. accumulation of
morbid matter in the body. The treatment of all
diseases is elimination of morbid matter from the
body.

 The primary cause of disease is accumulation of

morbid matter. Bacteria and virus enter and survive
in the body only after the accumulation of morbid
matter when a favourable atmosphere for their
growth is established in body.

 Hence, the basic cause of disease is morbid matter

and bacteria secondary causes.
 CONTD…..
 Nature is the greatest healer. The human body
itself has the healing power to prevent itself from
disease and regain health if unhealthy.

 Naturopathy Cures Patients suffering from chronic

ailments are also treated successfully in
comparatively less time by Naturopathy.

 In Nature Cure the suppressed diseases are

brought to surface and are removed permanently.
CONTD………
 Naturopathy treats all the aspects like physical,
mental, social and spiritual at the same time.

 Naturopathy treats the body as a whole.

 According to Naturopathy, “Food is only the

Medicine”, no external medications are used.

 Performing prayer according to one’s spiritual

faith is an important part of treatment
(According to Gandhiji “Rama Nama is the best
Natural Treatment)
Some Important Treatments of Naturopathy

 Mud pack, Mud Applications

 Mud Bath, Underground Mud Bath,Mud Pool Bath
 Hip Bath
 Spinal Bath, Spinal Spray Bath
 Immersion Bath, Friction Bath
 Foot Bath, Arm Bath
 Steam Bath, Sauna Bath
 Sun Bath, Colour Sun Bath (Chromo Bath),
 Green Leaves Sun Bath
 Hot & Cold Fomentation
 Wet Sheet Pack, Chest Pack, Abdomen Pack, Trunk
Pack
 Knee Pack, Neck Pack, Wet Girdle Pack
CONTD……
 Enema-Warm Water, Butter Milk, Tender Coconut
Water etc.
 Circular Jet Bath
 Colon Irrigation
 Deluxe Hydro Massage
 Hot and Cold Water Douches, Effusions
 Whirlpool Bath
 Under Water Exercises
 Magnet Therapy
 Colour Therapy
 Acupuncture
 Acupressure
 Reflexology
 Physiotherapy Treatments - Exercise Therapy,
Electro Therapy
 Mainstreaming AYUSH under
NRHM
The NRHM seeks to revitalize local health traditions
and mainstream AYUSH to strengthen the Public
Health System at all levels which includes:
 Inclusion of AYUSH medications in the drug kit of
ASHA
 Additional supply of generic drugs for common
ailments at SC/PHC/CHC levels
 Provision of two rooms for AYUSH practitioner and
pharmacist under the Indian Public Health Standards
(IPHS) model at CHC level. 
 Up gradation of single Doctor PHCs to two Doctor
PHCs by inducting AYUSH practitioner at that level.
Mainstreaming AYUSH under NRHM

 Training of ASHA’s, doctors, health

workers in the field of AYUSH.
 Facilitation of AYUSH as centrally
sponsored scheme.
Growth in AYUSH Hospitals from 1993
to 2007
Growth of AYUSH Registered
Practitioners (in Lakh)
Ayush set up at in Chandigarh

 Two Ayurvedic and two Homoeopathic dispensaries

were co-located under NRHM in the existing CHC
Sector-22 and CHC Mani Majara
 Two more Homoeopathic dispensaries at village
Maloya and CITCO Industrial Area Are running
from August 2010.
 Accordingly, Director (AYUSH)(2008-2009) along
with Deputy Director (Ayurveda) visited the various
Allopathic dispensaries and it has been decided
that the Ayush Centre may be opened in the
upcoming Allopathic dispensaries:-
Contd……
 Civil Dispensary, Secto-19, Chandigarh.
 Civil Dispensary, Secto-20, Chandigarh.
 Civil Dispensary, Secto-35, Chandigarh.
 Civil Dispensary, Secto-42, Chandigarh.
 Civil Dispensary, Secto-23, Chandigarh.
 Civil Dispensary, Secto-8, Chandigarh.
 Civil Dispensary, Secto-45, Chandigarh.
 Civil Dispensary, Dhanas, Chandigarh.
INFRASTRUCTURE AT NATIONAL
LEVEL

 Research Councils
There are four apex Research Councils,
namely:
 Central Council for Research in Ayurveda and
Siddha (CCRAS), New Delhi
 Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine
(CCRUM), New Delhi
 Central Council for Research in Yoga and
Naturopathy (CCRYN), New Delhi
 Central Council for Research in Homoeopathy
(CCRH), New Delhi
CONTD…….
 National Institutes
There are six national institutes of AYUSH,
namely:
 National Institute of Ayurveda (NIA), Jaipur
 National Institute of Homoeopathy (NIH),
Kolkata
 National Institute of Unani Medicine (NIUM),
Bangalore
 National Institute of Naturopathy (NIN), Pune
 Morarji Desai National Institute of Yoga
(MDNIY), New Delhi
 National Institute of Siddha (NIS), Chennai
Regulatory Bodies

There are two national-level regulatory

bodies, namely:
 Central Council of Indian Medicine
(CCIM), New Delhi
 Central Council of Homoeopathy (CCH),
New Delhi
REFERENCES
 Basavanthapa BT``Text book of Community
Health Nursing” published by jaypee brothers
,edition 1994,pp 58 -59.
 Gulani kk “Community health nursing principles
and practices ‘’published by kumar publishing
house ,edition 2005 ,pp688 to 698
 www.ayush-health& family welfare-
sectors:national portal of india,mht.
 www.ayurveda,yoga,unani,sidda,homeopathy(ayus
h).com
 www.ayush- Wikipedia and the free
ecyclopedia,mht
REFERENCES
 http://india.gov.in/sectors/health_family/ayu
sh.php
 http://nuapada.nic.in/NRHM/AYUSH.asp
 http://indianmedicine.nic.in/ayurveda.asp
 http://indianmedicine.nic.in/yoga.asp
 http://www.whoindia.org/LinkFiles/AYUSH_N
Policy-ISM&H-Homeopathy.pdf (National
policy file)
THANKS