Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 76 views

    Polarity of Molecules

    Uploaded by

    Abdul Amer
    The document describes an experiment to determine the polarity of different liquids. Materials needed include water, vinegar, cooking oil, gasoline, and food coloring. Five setups are prepared mixing different combinations of liquids. Setup 1 mixes water and vinegar, Setup 2 mixes water and oil, Setup 3 mixes oil and vinegar, Setup 4 mixes water and gasoline, and Setup 5 mixes oil and gasoline. It is observed that Setup 1 and 5 mix thoroughly while Setup 2, 3, and 4 cannot mix. The document then discusses covalent bonds, polar and non-polar molecules, electronegativity, and molecular geometry to explain why some liquids can mix while others cannot based on their polarity.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Polarity of Molecules

    Uploaded by

    Abdul Amer
    76 views29 pages
    The document describes an experiment to determine the polarity of different liquids. Materials needed include water, vinegar, cooking oil, gasoline, and food coloring. Five setups are prepared mixing different combinations of liquids. Setup 1 mixes water and vinegar, Setup 2 mixes water and oil, Setup 3 mixes oil and vinegar, Setup 4 mixes water and gasoline, and Setup 5 mixes oil and gasoline. It is observed that Setup 1 and 5 mix thoroughly while Setup 2, 3, and 4 cannot mix. The document then discusses covalent bonds, polar and non-polar molecules, electronegativity, and molecular geometry to explain why some liquids can mix while others cannot based on their polarity.

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document describes an experiment to determine the polarity of different liquids. Materials needed include water, vinegar, cooking oil, gasoline, and food coloring. Five setups are prepared mixing different combinations of liquids. Setup 1 mixes water and vinegar, Setup 2 mixes water and oil, Setup 3 mixes oil and vinegar, Setup 4 mixes water and gasoline, and Setup 5 mixes oil and gasoline. It is observed that Setup 1 and 5 mix thoroughly while Setup 2, 3, and 4 cannot mix. The document then discusses covalent bonds, polar and non-polar molecules, electronegativity, and molecular geometry to explain why some liquids can mix while others cannot based on their polarity.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    76 views29 pages

    Polarity of Molecules

    Uploaded by

    Abdul Amer
    The document describes an experiment to determine the polarity of different liquids. Materials needed include water, vinegar, cooking oil, gasoline, and food coloring. Five setups are prepared mixing different combinations of liquids. Setup 1 mixes water and vinegar, Setup 2 mixes water and oil, Setup 3 mixes oil and vinegar, Setup 4 mixes water and gasoline, and Setup 5 mixes oil and gasoline. It is observed that Setup 1 and 5 mix thoroughly while Setup 2, 3, and 4 cannot mix. The document then discusses covalent bonds, polar and non-polar molecules, electronegativity, and molecular geometry to explain why some liquids can mix while others cannot based on their polarity.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 29

    POLARITY

    OF
    MOLECULE
    S
    ACTIVITY
    (EXPERIMENT)
    MATERIALS NEEDED

    • WATER
    • VINEGAR
    • COOKING OIL
    • GASOLINE
    • FOOD COLORING ( at least 3
    different colors)
    • 5 pcs. BEAKER (optional, it can be
    any glass container with similar
    volume capacity)
    • STIRRING ROD
    INSTRUCTIONS
    • Make 5 setups for the experiment in each
    container.
    SETUP 1 SETUP 2 SETUP 3 SETUP 4 SETUP 5

    Mix water Mix water Mix oil and Mix water Mix oil and
    and vinegar and oil vinegar and gasoline gasoline

    • Mix the samples well with a spoon or


    stirring rod and observe their reactions.

    • Clean the materials used and dispose the


    liquids properly. Be ready for some
    questions of the teacher regarding the
    experiment.
    What have you observed
    in the experiment?
    In setup 1? 2? 3? 4? 5?
    Able to mix Unable to mix
    SETUP SETUP
    1 2
    5 3
    4
    What do you think is the
    reason why we can mix
    setup 1 and 5
    thoroughly? Why setups
    2,3, and 4 can’t?
    Have you ever
    wondered what’s
    behind water? And
    other liquids?
    What are the
    different properties
    of liquid?
    What do you think are
    the reasons on how
    liquids may differ in
    different properties?
    Why do some liquids
    can be mixed
    thoroughly with
    each other while
    others cannot?
    What do you think is the
    reason why we can mix
    setup 1 and 5
    thoroughly? Why setups
    2,3, and 4 can’t?
    COVALENT BOND
    • A chemical bond formed
    between atoms by sharing
    of electrons.
    What do you think is
    the difference between
    polar and non-polar
    covalent compounds?
    POLAR COVALENT BOND
    •Occur when electron pairs are unequally
    shared. The difference in electronegativity
    between atoms is significant. Examples of
    compounds having polar covalent bonds
    are:

    • HCl EN of H=2.1 EN of Cl=3.0 ∆EN=0.9


    • HF EN of H=2.1 EN of F=4.0 ∆EN=1.9
    • The separation of charges makes the
    bond polar. It creates an electric
    dipole. Dipole refers to “two poles”
    meaning there is a positive and a
    negative pole within a molecule.
    Elements with higher EN value
    become the partial negative pole
    while elements with the lower EN
    value become the partial positive
    pole. This makes the molecule a
    polar molecule.
    DIPOLE
    •Refers to “ two poles”
    meaning there is a positive
    and a negative pole within a
    molecule.
    NON-POLAR COVALENT BONDS
    • 
    How can we
    determine if the
    compounds is polar
    or non-polar?
    TWO FACTORS THAT DETERMINE THE
    POLARITY OF MOLECULES
    • The polarity of the bonds between
    atoms which can be studied based on
    Electronegativity, and

    • The geometrical shape of the


    molecule which can be predicted via
    the valence shell electron pair
    repulsion (VSEPR) theory.
    BOND POLARITY
    •The polarity of the bonds
    between atoms.
    What is valence
    electron?
    VALENCE ELECTRON
    •A single electron or one of
    two or more electrons in
    the outer shell of an atom
    that is responsible for the
    chemical properties of the
    atom.
    What are the
    properties of the
    elements in the
    periodic table?
    ELECTRONEGATIVITY
    •Measure of the relative tendency
    of an atom to attract electrons to
    itself when chemically combined
    with another atom. The higher
    the value of Electronegativity,
    the more it tends to attract
    electrons toward itself.
    MOLECULAR GEOMETRY

    • VSEPR Theory (Valence Shell


    Electron Pair Repulsion Theory)

    - spatial arrangement of atoms in a


    polyatomic molecule.
    Molecules are polar or non-polar based on the
    type of covalent bond and its molecular
    geometry.

    Liquids may or may not miscible with each


    other.

    In the kitchen, we use liquid detergent in


    cleansing our kitchen ware to remove liquids
    which are non-polar like oils and the likes,
    because liquid detergent is miscible to both
    water and oil.

    You might also like