Researchers: Naylia U. Azis Hanzala B. Abdulmalic Norfatmah S. Sulog Adviser: Mergel Lou Bienes, RMT

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF
MORINGA OLEFEIRA LAM
LEAVES AND IPOMOEA
AQUATICA FORSK LEAVES
ETHANOL EXTRACT AGAINST
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
R ES EA RCH ERS : A D V I S ER :
N AY L I A U . A ZI S ME RG E L LO U BI E N ES ,
RMT
HANZALA B.
A BD U LMA L I C
N O RFAT MA H S . S U L O G
Moringa oleifera Lam, (Moringa tree, Malunggay)
 miraculous leafy vegetables with many benefits.
Ipomoea aquatica Forsk (Water spinach, Kangkong)

 Vegetable, tender shoots and leaves.
INTRODUCTION
To compare the effectiveness of the antibacterial properties of M. oleifera Lam.
And I. aquatica Forsk ethanol extract against S. aureus based on the diameter of
their zone of inhibition in millimeter.
To determine which of the two is more effective in inhibiting the growth of S.
aureus.
RATIONALE
Students
Future Researchers
Community/Society
BENEFICIARIES
Ipomoea
aquatica
Forsk
Leaves and
Moringa
Result Implication
oleifera
Lam. Leaves
Ethanol Staphyloco-
Extracts ccus aureus
Positive
Control
(clindamyci
n 2µg) and
Negative
control
(distilled
water)
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWOK OF
INDEPENDENT DEPENDENT
VARIABLES VARIABLE
THE STUDY
MATERIALS
AND METHODS
100 mL 95% Ethanol each Incubator
20 g each dried leaves Microwave
7.6 g Mueller-Hinton agar Biosafety cabinet class 2
Staphylococcus aureus (test organism) Distilled water (negative control)
Grinder Standard antibiotic clindamycin 2µg disc
(positive control)
Electronic weighing balance
Standard cell culture materials (petri
Laboratory Orbital shaker dish, inoculating loops, Erlenmeyer
Evaporation and drying systems (water flask, etc)
bath)
MATERIALS/INTRUMENTATIONS
RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
MACERATION EXTRACTION
PROCESS
CULTURE PREPARATION, TEST SAMPLES AND
SUBJECT PLANTING, AND INCUBATION
RESULTS AND
DISCUSSION
Table 1. General comparison descriptive of the test samples’ zone of inhibitions.
Trials d1 d2 d3
Treatments Mean Std. Deviation
I. aquatica Forsk T1
6 7 6 6.3333 .57735
T2
7 7 6 6.6667 .57735
T3
6 6 7 6.3333 .57735
Overall mean 6.444 .57735

M. oleifera Lam
T1 10 13 8 10.3333 10.3333

T2
12 10 9 10.3333 1.52752
T3
10 10 7 9 1.73205
Overall mean 9.8889 1.925396

Clindamycin 17.0000
T1 17 17 17 .00000
(positive control)
T2 17 17 17 17.0000 .00000
T3 17 17 17 17.0000 .00000
Distilled water
T1 6 6 6 6.0000 .00000
(negative control)

T2 6 6 6 6.0000 .00000
T3 6 6 6 6.0000 .00000
*Note: “T” refers to “trial”, “d” refers to “dish”

Table 2. Kruskal Wallis Test of the zone of inhibition exhibited among different ethanol
extracts controls.
Variable N Test Statistic Degree of P value Interpretation

freedom
Treatments 12 32.312 3 0.000 Significant
a. The test statistic is adjusted for ties.
Table 3. Pairwise Comparisons of treatments.
Treatment 1 – Treatment
2 Test Statistic Std. Error Std. Test Statistic P-value Interpretation
Distilled water- I. aquatica 4.222 4.769 .885 1.000 Not Significant

Forsk
Distilled water – M. 15.278 4.769 3.203 .008 Significant
oleifera Lam
Distilled water - 24.500 4.769 5.137 .000 Significant
Clindamycin
I. aquatica Forsk – M. -11.056 4.769 -2.318 .123 Not Significant
oleifera Lam
I. aquatica Forsk – -20.278 4.769 -4.252 .000 Significant
Clindamycin
M. oleifera Lam – -9.222 4.769 -1.934 .319 Not Significant
Clindamycin
*
Each row tests the null hypothesis that the Sample 1 and Sample 2 distributions are the same.
*Asymptotic significances (2-sided tests) are displayed. The significance level is .050.
a. Significance values have been adjusted by the Bonferroni correction for multiple tests.
the I. aquatica Forsk and M. olefeira Lam are both capable of inhibiting the test subject yet
differ in efficacy.
The latter has more potent antibacterial activity against S. aureus in comparison to the former.
CONCLUSIONS
1. Students can dig deeper into the efficacy of the said ethanol extracts against other bacteria
using different concentrations and solvents.
2. Future researchers may use this as reference or basis for consideration to their study relating
to this research.
3. Community of Society may make use of these outcomes to look into other well-studied
plants with potent antibacterial activity for other possible source of alternative safe home-
remedy for treating typical illnesses caused by S. aureus and other particular bacteria.
RECOMMENDATIONS
THANK YOU

Researchers: Naylia U. Azis Hanzala B. Abdulmalic Norfatmah S. Sulog Adviser: Mergel Lou Bienes, RMT

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COMPARATIVE STUDY OF

Ipomoea aquatica Forsk (Water spinach, Kangkong)

Overall mean 6.444 .57735

Overall mean 9.8889 1.925396

*Note: “T” refers to “trial”, “d” refers to “dish”

Variable N Test Statistic Degree of P value Interpretation

Distilled water- I. aquatica 4.222 4.769 .885 1.000 Not Significant

Distilled water – M. 15.278 4.769 3.203 .008 Significant

Distilled water - 24.500 4.769 5.137 .000 Significant

I. aquatica Forsk – M. -11.056 4.769 -2.318 .123 Not Significant

I. aquatica Forsk – -20.278 4.769 -4.252 .000 Significant

M. oleifera Lam – -9.222 4.769 -1.934 .319 Not Significant

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