ANA

DRG® Anti-Nuclear Antibodies (ANA) Screen (EIA-4830)
Revised 6 May 2013 rm (Vers. 2.0) USA:
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INTENDED USE
The ANA Screen ELISA test system is an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of IgG
antibodies to anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) in human serum.
SUMMARY & EXPLANATION OF THE TEST

Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are frequently present in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and, less
commonly, in other autoimmune diseases Rheumatoid arthritis, Collagen vascular diseases, chronic liver diseases and
systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). ANA bind to several nuclear antigens including DsDNA, SSDNA, RNP, Sm, SSA and
SSB. ANA frequency increases with age in apparently healthy people, especially women after the age of 45 years. ANA
ELISA is widely used as a screening procedure for different autoimmune diseases.
PRINCIPLE OF THE TEST

Diluted patient serum is added to wells coated with purified nuclear antigens. ANA IgG or IgM specific antibody, if
present, binds to the antigen. All unbound materials are washed away and the enzyme conjugate is added to bind to the
antibody-antigen complex, if present. Excess enzyme conjugate is washed off and substrate is added. The plate is
incubated to allow the hydrolysis of the substrate by the enzyme. The intensity of the color generated is proportional to the
amount of IgG specific antibody in the sample.
MATERIALS PROVIDED
1. Microwell coated with nuclear antigens 12x8
2. Sample Diluents: 1 bottle (ready to use) 22 mL
3. Calibrator: yellow Cap. 1 Vial (ready to use) 1mL
4. Positive Control: Red Cap. 1 vial (ready to use) 1mL
5. Negative Control: Blue Cap. 1 vial (ready to use) 1mL
6. Enzyme conjugate: 1 bottle (ready to use) 12mL
7. TMB Substrate: 1 bottle (ready to use) 12mL
8. Stop Solution: 1N HCL, 1 bottle (ready to use) 12ml
9. Wash concentrates 20X
MATERIALS NOT PROVIDED

1. Distilled or deionizer water
2. Precision pipettes
3. Disposable pipette tips
4. ELISA reader capable of reading absorbance at 450 nm
5. Absorbance paper or paper towel
DRG International Inc., USA

Fax: (973) 564-7556  E-mail: corp@drg-international.com  Web: www.drg-international.com
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STORAGE AND STABILITY

1. Store the kit at 2 – 8° C.
2. Keep microwells sealed in a dry bag with desiccants.
3. The reagents are stable until expiration of the kit.
4. Do not expose test reagents to heat, sun or strong light.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

1. Potential biohazard us materials: The calibrator and controls contain human source components, which have been
tested and found non-reactive for hepatitis B surface antigen as well as HIV antibody with FDA licensed reagents.
However, as there is no test method that can offer complete assurance that HIV, Hepatitis B virus or other infectious
agents are absent, these reagents should be handled at the Biosafety Level 2, as recommended in the Centers for
Disease Control/National Institutes of Health manual, "Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories."
1984
2. Optimal results will be obtained by strict adherence to the test protocol. Precise pipetting as well as following the
exact time and temperature requirements is essential.
3. Do not pipette by mouth. Do not smoke, eat, or drink in the areas in which specimens or kit reagents are handled.
4. The components in this kit are intended for use as an integral unit. The components of different lots should not be
mixed.
5. This product contains components preserved with sodium azide. Sodium azide may react with lead and copper
plumbing to form explosive metal azide. On disposal, flush with a large volume of water.
SPECIMEN COLLECTION AND HANDLING

1. Collect blood specimens and separate the serum.
2. Specimens may be refrigerated at 2–8 °C for up to seven days or frozen for up to six months. Avoid repetitive freezing
and thawing.
REAGENT PREPARATION
Prepare 1X Wash buffer by adding the contents of the bottle (25 mL, 20X) to 475 mL of distilled or deionized water. Store
at RT.
PREPARATION FOR ASSAY

Bring all specimens and kit reagents to room temperature (20-25 °C) and gently mix.
ASSAY PROCEDURE
1. Place the desired number of coated strips into the holder.
2. Negative control, positive control, and calibrator are ready to use.
3. Prepare 1:21 dilution of test samples, by adding 10 μL of the sample to 200 μL of sample diluents. Mix well.
4. Dispense 100 μL of diluted sera, calibrator and controls into the appropriate wells. For the reagent blank, dispense

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100μL sample diluents in 1A well position. Tap the holder to remove air bubbles from the liquid and mix well. Incubate
for 20 minutes at room temperature.
5. Remove liquid from all wells. Wash wells three times with 300-350 μL of 1X wash buffer. Blot on absorbance paper
or paper towel.
6. Dispense 100 μL of enzyme conjugate to each well and incubate for 20 minutes at room temperature.
7. Remove enzyme conjugate from all wells. Wash wells three times with 300-350 μL of 1X wash buffer. Blot on
absorbance paper or paper towel
8. Dispense 100 μL of TMB substrate and incubate for 10 minutes at room temperature.
9. Add 100 μL of 1N H2SO4 to stop solution.
10. Read O.D. at 450 nm using ELISA reader within 30 min. A dual wavelength is recommended with reference filter of
600-650 nm.
CALCULATION OF RESULTS
1. Check Calibrator Factor (CF) value on the calibrator bottle. This value might vary from lot to lot. Make sure you
check the value on every kit.
2. Calculate the cut-off value: Calibrator OD x Calibrator Factor (CF).
3. Calculate the Ab (Antibody) Index of each determination by dividing the O.D. value of each sample by cut-off value.
EXAMPLE OF TYPICAL RESULTS:

Calibrator mean OD = 0.8
Calibrator Factor (CF) = 0.5
Cut-off Value = 0.8 x 0.5 = 0.400
Positive control O.D. = 1.2
Ab Index = 1.2 / 0.4 = 3
Patient sample O.D. = 1.6
Ab Index = 1.6 / 0.4 = 4.0
QUALITY CONTROL
The test run may be considered valid provided the following criteria are met:
1. If the O.D. of the Calibrator should be greater than 0.250.
2. The Ab index for Negative control should be less than 0.9.
3. The Ab index for Positive control should be greater than 1.2.
INTERPRETATION
The following is intended as a guide to interpretation of ANA IgG test results; each laboratory is encouraged to establish
its own criteria for test interpretation based on sample populations encountered.
Antibody Index Interpretation
<0.9 No detectable ANA IgG by ELISA
0.9-1.1 Borderline positive. Follow-up testing is recommended if clinically indicated.
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>1.1 Detectable ANA IgG by ELISA.
LIMITATIONS OF THE TEST

1. The test results obtained using this kit serve only as an aid to diagnosis and should be interpreted in relation to the
patient’s history, physical findings and other diagnostic procedures.
2. Lipemic or hemolyzed samples may cause erroneous results.
PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
1. SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY
354 patient sera were tested by this ELISA and a reference ELISA methods. 148 sera were positive and 188 sera were
negative by both methods. The agreement between the two methods was 95% (336/354). The results are summarized
below:
ANA Screen ELISA

Pos. Equ.. Neg Total
ELISA Test Kit
Commercial
Pos. 148 6 4 158

Equ. 2 0 0 2
.Neg. 6 0 188 194
Total 156 6 192 354
2. PRECISION
a. Intra-Assay Study
No. of Standard Coefficient of
Serum Mean
Replicates Deviation Variation %
1 16 1.41 0.06 4.22
2 16 0.82 0.02 2.6
3 16 0.29 0.03 9.48
b. Inter-Assay Study
No. of Standard Coefficient of
Serum Mean
Replicates Deviation Variation %
1 10 1.15 0.09 7.43
2 10 0.81 0.10 11.8
3 10 0.29 0.03 9.48

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REFERENCES
1. Emlen W; O'Neill L Clinical significance of antinuclear antibodies: comparison of detection with
immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Arthritis Rheum 1997;40(9):1612-8.
2. Gonzalez C; Martin T; Arroyo T; Garc´ia-Isidoro M; Navajo JA; Gonz´alez-Buitrago JM. Comparison and variation
of different methodologies for the detection of auto antibodies to nuclear antigens (ANA). J Clin Lab Anal 1997;
11(6):388-92.
3. Parveen S; Morshed SA; Nishioka M. High prevalence of antibodies to recombinant CENP-B in primary biliary
cirrhosis: nuclear immunofluorescence patterns and ELISA reactivities. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1995;10(4):438-45.
4. Welin Henriksson E; Hansson H; Karlsson-Parra A; Pettersson I. Autoantibody profiles in canine ANA-positive sera
investigated by immunoblot and ELISA. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 1998;61(2-4):157-70.5
5. Koh WH; Dunphy J; Whyte J; Dixey J; McHugh NJ. Characterisation of anticytoplasmic antibodies and their clinical
associations [see comments]. Ann Rheum Dis 1995;54(4):269-73.
6. Spronk PE; Bootsma H; Horst G; Huitema MG; Limburg PC; Cohen Tervaert JW; Kallenberg CG. Antineutrophil
cytoplasmic antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus. Br J Rheumatol 1996;35(7):625-31.
Rev.04-30-2013_rm

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DRG® Anti-Nuclear Antibodies (ANA) Screen (EIA-4830)

Revised 6 May 2013 rm (Vers. 2.0) USA:

SUMMARY & EXPLANATION OF THE TEST

PRINCIPLE OF THE TEST

MATERIALS NOT PROVIDED

DRG International Inc., USA

STORAGE AND STABILITY

WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

SPECIMEN COLLECTION AND HANDLING

PREPARATION FOR ASSAY

DRG International Inc., USA

EXAMPLE OF TYPICAL RESULTS:

LIMITATIONS OF THE TEST

ANA Screen ELISA

Pos. 148 6 4 158

DRG International Inc., USA

DRG International Inc., USA

DRG International Inc., USA

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