Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                

The Quantiles Lap6

Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1of 19

The Quantiles

Objectives
• Differentiate grouped and ungrouped data in solving quantiles
• Determine the quartiles, deciles and percentiles of a given set of data.
• Calculate the quartiles, deciles and percentiles of a given set of data.
• The quantiles are a natural extension of the idea of median in that they are values which divide
a set of data into equal parts.
• While the median divides the distribution into two parts, the quantiles divide it into four, or
ten, or one hundred equal parts. The quantiles that divide the distribution into four equal parts
are called quartiles. These values are denoted by Q1, Q2, and Q3. 25% fall below the first
quartile (Q1), 50% are below the second quartile (Q2), and 75% are less than the third quartile
(Q3). Those which divide the distribution into ten parts are called deciles. The data set has nine
deciles which are denoted by D1, D2, …, D9, where D is the number that divides the bottom 10
of the data from the top 90 and so on. Those which divide the distribution into 100 equal parts
are called percentiles. A set of data has 99 percentiles which are denoted by P 1, P2, …, P99.
Computation of Quantiles for Ungrouped Data

•• To Arrange
• solve any quantile, follow the steps below:
the scores according to magnitude or array.
• Use the following formula in computing Quantiles; Positions or Ranks
• Quartile:
• Qk = th 

• Decile
• Dk = th

• Percentile
• Pk = th
Example:
The following are the scores of 9 students in statistics quiz: 12, 15, 16, 17, 19, 23, 25,
30, 33. Solve for the value of Q1, Q2, Q3, D8, D4, P15, P65: n = 9

•• Solution:
 
• Q1 = th

• = th

• = ( 9/4 + ¾ )

• = 12/4

• = 3rd score
• Q1 = 16
•  
•  
The following are the scores of 9 students in statistics quiz: 12, 15, 16, 17,
19, 23, 25, 30, 33. Solve for the value of Q1, Q2, Q3, D8, D4, P15, P65: n = 9

• Q
  2 = th
• = th
• = ( 18/4 + ½ ) th
• = 18 + 2_
• 4

• = 20/4
• = 5th score
• Q2 = 19
The following are the scores of 9 students in statistics quiz: 12, 15, 16, 17,
19, 23, 25, 30, 33. Solve for the value of Q1, Q2, Q3, D8, D4, P15, P65: n = 9

•  Q3 = th

• = th
• = th
• = 7th score

• Q3 = 25
Deciles
•   th
• Decile 8
• D8 =
• = th
• = 74/10
• D8 = 7.4th
• The value of D8 lies between the 7th and 8th scores
• D8 = 25 + .4(30- 25)
• = 25 + 2
• D8 = 27
•  
The following are the scores of 9 students in statistics quiz: 12,
15, 16, 17, 19, 23, 25, 30, 33. Solve for the value of Q1, Q2, Q3,
D8, D4, P15, P65: n = 9

• D
  4= th

• = th
• D4 = 4.2th
• The value of D4 lies between the 4th and 5th scores.
• D4 = 17 + .2(19 – 17)
• = 17 + .4
• D4 = 17.4
Percentiles
•• P   =
Percentile 15
th
15

• = th
• P15 = 2.2th
• The value of P15 lies between 2nd and 3rd scores.
• P15 = 15 + .2(16-15)
• = 15 + .2(1)
• = 15 + .2
• P15 = 15.2
•  
•• P 65 = th 100-65 35/100

• = th
• = 6.2th
• The value of P65 lies between 6th and 7th scores.
• P65 = 23 + 0.2(25-23)
• = 23 + 0.2(2)
• = 23 + 0.4
• P65 = 23.4
Computation of Quartiles for Grouped Data

• Computation
  of the quantiles for grouped data is the same as the computation
of the median. Some formulas are:
•  
• Q1 = LB + D3 = LB +
•  
• Q2 = LB + P25 = LB +
•  
Table 4.6

Computation of Q1, D3, and P60 in Table 4.6

     
Class Interval f Cf<
61 – 63 2 2
64 – 66 5 7
67 – 69 12 19 Q1 / D3
70 – 72 15 34 Q2 / P60
73 – 75 8 42
76 – 78 5 47
79 – 81 3 50
i=3 N=50
•• Computation
  of Q1
• In Table 4.6, n = 50, = = 12.5 Q1 class
• Q1 class = 67 – 69
• LB = 66.5
• C=3
• Cfp = 7
• fp = 12
•  
Quartile
•  Q1 = Lb +
• = 66.5 +
• = 66.5 + 1.375
• Q1 = 67.88 inches
• Therefore, 25% of the data belongs to 67.88 and below or 25% of the
employees have heights 67.88 inches and below.
•  Q2 =lb+ 2(50)/4=25 Q2 class
• = 69.5 +
• = 69.5 + 1.2
• = 70.7
• Therefore, 50% of the data belongs to 70.7 and below or 50% of the
employees have heights 70.7 inches and below.
Percentile
•• Computation
  of P60
•  
• = = 30 P60 class
• P60 class is 70 – 72
• P60 = 69.5 + 3
• = 69.5 + 2.2
• P60 = 71.7 inches
• Therefore, 60% of the data belongs to 71.7 and below or 60% of the employees have heights 71.7
inches and below.
Decile
• Computation
  of D3
• = = 15 D3 class
• D3 class is 67 – 69
• LB = 66.5
• Cfp = 7
• fd = 12
• C=3
•  D3 = 66.5 + 3
• = 66.5 + 2 = 68.5 inches
• Therefore, or 30% of the data lies 68.5 inches and below.
•  
•  

You might also like