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    Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality

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    Prashant
    According to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory of personality, personality is composed of three interacting elements: the id, ego, and superego. The id operates based on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification of needs. The ego balances the id with the reality principle, satisfying needs in socially appropriate ways. The superego incorporates moral standards from parents and society and works to suppress unacceptable urges of the id. A healthy personality requires balancing the pressures from these three elements.

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    Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality

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    Prashant
    43 views11 pages
    According to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory of personality, personality is composed of three interacting elements: the id, ego, and superego. The id operates based on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification of needs. The ego balances the id with the reality principle, satisfying needs in socially appropriate ways. The superego incorporates moral standards from parents and society and works to suppress unacceptable urges of the id. A healthy personality requires balancing the pressures from these three elements.

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    According to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory of personality, personality is composed of three interacting elements: the id, ego, and superego. The id operates based on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification of needs. The ego balances the id with the reality principle, satisfying needs in socially appropriate ways. The superego incorporates moral standards from parents and society and works to suppress unacceptable urges of the id. A healthy personality requires balancing the pressures from these three elements.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    43 views11 pages

    Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality

    Uploaded by

    Prashant
    According to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory of personality, personality is composed of three interacting elements: the id, ego, and superego. The id operates based on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification of needs. The ego balances the id with the reality principle, satisfying needs in socially appropriate ways. The superego incorporates moral standards from parents and society and works to suppress unacceptable urges of the id. A healthy personality requires balancing the pressures from these three elements.

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    Psychoanalytic theory of

    personality
    According to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory
    of personality, personality is composed of three
    elements. These three elements of personality--
    known as the id, the ego and the superego--work
    together to create complex human behaviors.
    The Id

    The id is the only component of personality that is


    present from birth. This aspect of personality is
    entirely unconscious and includes of the instinctive
    and primitive behaviours. According to Freud, the id
    is the source of all psychic energy, making it the
    primary component of personality.
    The id is driven by the pleasure principle, which
    strives for immediate gratification of all desires,
    wants, and needs. If these needs are not satisfied
    immediately, the result is a state anxiety or tension.
    For example, an increase in hunger or thirst should
    produce an immediate attempt to eat or drink. The id
    is very important early in life, because it ensures that
    an infants needs are met. If the infant is hungry or
    uncomfortable, he or she will cry until the demands
    of the id are met.
    However, immediately satisfying these needs is not
    always realistic or even possible. If we were ruled
    entirely by the pleasure principle, we might find
    ourselves grabbing things we want out of other
    people's hands to satisfy our own cravings. This sort
    of behaviour would be both disruptive and socially
    unacceptable.
    The Ego

    The ego is the component of personality that is


    responsible for dealing with reality. According to
    Freud, the ego develops from the id and ensures that
    the impulses of the id can be expressed in a manner
    acceptable in the real world. The ego functions in
    both the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious
    mind.
    The ego operates based on the reality principle,
    which strives to satisfy the id's desires in realistic
    and socially appropriate ways. The reality principle
    weighs the costs and benefits of an action before
    deciding to act upon or abandon impulses. In many
    cases, the id's impulses can be satisfied through a
    process of delayed gratification--the ego will
    eventually allow the behaviour, but only in the
    appropriate time and place.
    The Superego

    The last component of personality to develop is the


    superego. The superego is the aspect of personality
    that holds all of our internalized moral standards
    and ideals that we acquire from both parents and
    society--our sense of right and wrong. The superego
    and provides guidelines for making judgments.
    According to Freud, the superego begins to emerge
    at around age five.
    Two parts of the superego

    The ego ideal includes the rules and standards for


    good behaviors. These behaviors include those which
    are approved of by parental and other authority
    figures. Obeying these rules leads to feelings of pride,
    value, and accomplishment.

    The conscience includes information about things


    that are viewed as bad by parents and society. These
    behaviors are often forbidden and lead to bad
    consequences, punishments, or feelings of guilt and
    remorse.
    The superego acts to perfect and civilize our
    behaviour. It works to suppress all unacceptable
    urges of the id and struggles to make the ego act
    upon idealistic standards rather that upon realistic
    principles. The superego is present in the conscious,
    preconscious, and unconscious.
    The Interaction of the Id, Ego, and
    Superego

    With so many competing forces, it is easy to see how


    conflict might arise between the id, ego, and
    superego. Freud used the term ego strength to refer
    to the ego's ability to function despite these duelling
    forces. A person with good ego strength is able to
    effectively manage these pressures, while those with
    too much or too little ego strength can become too
    unyielding or too disrupting.

    According to Freud, the key to a healthy personality


    is a balance between the id, the ego, and the
    superego.

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