This document discusses key concepts in business ethics including defining ethics, ethical conduct, and codes of conduct. It also examines applying ethics to corporations and addresses globalization, cultural differences, and technology related issues in business ethics. Specific principles of ethical conduct discussed are competing fairly, communicating truthfully, and not causing harm to others.
This document discusses key concepts in business ethics including defining ethics, ethical conduct, and codes of conduct. It also examines applying ethics to corporations and addresses globalization, cultural differences, and technology related issues in business ethics. Specific principles of ethical conduct discussed are competing fairly, communicating truthfully, and not causing harm to others.
This document discusses key concepts in business ethics including defining ethics, ethical conduct, and codes of conduct. It also examines applying ethics to corporations and addresses globalization, cultural differences, and technology related issues in business ethics. Specific principles of ethical conduct discussed are competing fairly, communicating truthfully, and not causing harm to others.
This document discusses key concepts in business ethics including defining ethics, ethical conduct, and codes of conduct. It also examines applying ethics to corporations and addresses globalization, cultural differences, and technology related issues in business ethics. Specific principles of ethical conduct discussed are competing fairly, communicating truthfully, and not causing harm to others.
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CHAPTER FOUR
ETHICAL PRINCIPLES IN BUSINESS
Ethics • Ethics is the study of moral standards, the process of examining the moral standards of a person or society to determine whether these standards are reasonable or unreasonable in order to apply them to concrete situations and issues. Concept of Ethical Conduct • Having known the meaning and importance of business ethics, we can see that wanting to be an ethical corporate citizen is not enough; individuals in business must actively practice ethical conduct. Cont… • In business, besides obeying laws and regulations, a good and ethical conduct involves the followings. Competing fairly and honestly: • businesses are expected to compete fairly and honestly and not knowingly deceive, intimidate, or misrepresent customers, competitors, clients, or employees. Communicating truthfully: • Ethical conduct requires that companies refrain from issuing false or misleading communications. • Businesses should recognise that their communications reflect their image and therefore refrain from untruthful, offensive and misleading communications. Not causing harm to others:
• Some business executives put
their own personal interests ahead of that of employees and shareholders thereby causing harm to them. Cont… • Corporate managers can mislead investors by withholding vital information; they sometimes take advantage of the investor by using the company’s earnings or resources for personal gain. Code of Conduct • A code of conduct is a written statement, setting forth the principles that guide an organisation’s decision. • An effective code of conduct requires the following. Cont… • Top management commitment • Employee communications efforts • Employee commitment to follow it. • Formal training programmes • A system that supports reporting unethical or illegal actions at work • A system of action. Applying Ethics to Corporate Organisations
• The statement that corporate
organisations can be ethical or unethical raises a puzzling issue. Globalisation, Multinational and Business Ethics • Many of the most pressing issues in business ethics today are related to the phenomenon of globalization. Cont… • Globalization is the worldwide process by which the economic and social systems of nations have become connected together so that goods, services, capital, knowledge and cultural artifacts are traded and moved across national borders, at an increasing rate. Business Ethics and Cultural Differences
• When faced with the fact that
different cultures have different moral standards, the managers of some multinationals have adopted the theory of ethical relativism. Cont… • Ethical relativism is the theory that, because different societies have different ethical beliefs, there is no rational way of determining whether an action is morally right or wrong other than by asking whether the people of this or that society believe it is morally right or wrong. Business Ethics and Technology • Technology consists of all those methods, processes, and tools that humans invent to manipulate their environment. Cont… • To an extent never before realised in history, contemporary business is being continuously and radically transformed by the rapid evolution of new technologies that raise new ethical issues for business.