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Password Based Door Lock System Using 8051 Microcontroller

This document describes a password-based door lock system using an 8051 microcontroller. The system uses a 4x4 keypad to enter a password, which is compared to a predefined password stored on the microcontroller. If the passwords match, a motor driver activates a door motor to open the door. If not, the door remains closed. The system provides security with commonly available, low-cost components and simple circuit design and code.

Uploaded by

Adharsh Surendhiran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
114 views

Password Based Door Lock System Using 8051 Microcontroller

This document describes a password-based door lock system using an 8051 microcontroller. The system uses a 4x4 keypad to enter a password, which is compared to a predefined password stored on the microcontroller. If the passwords match, a motor driver activates a door motor to open the door. If not, the door remains closed. The system provides security with commonly available, low-cost components and simple circuit design and code.

Uploaded by

Adharsh Surendhiran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Password Based Door Lock System

using 8051 Microcontroller

Done By:
Hirthickkesh P.R. - 108119044
Kavin Raja - 108119094
S. Adharsh - 108119098
INDEX
i. Introduction
ii. Principle
iii. Circuit Diagram
iv. Components Required
i. Hardware Requirements
ii. Software Requirements
v. Circuit Design
i. Reset Circuit Design
ii. Oscillator Circuit Design
iii. Interfacing LCD, Keypad & Motor Driver
iv. Compilation of Microcontroller Code
vi. Circuit Operation
vii. System Algorithm
viii.Advantages
ix. Applications
x. Limitations
Introduction
• Password Based Door Lock System using 8051
Microcontroller is a simple project where a secure
password will act as a door unlocking system.
Traditional lock systems using mechanical lock and
key mechanism are being replaced by new
advanced techniques of locking system. These
techniques are an integration of mechanical and
electronic devices and are highly intelligent. One of
the prominent features of these innovative lock
systems is their simplicity and high efficiency.
Principle
• The main component in the circuit is 8051 controller.
In this project, a 4×4 Matrix Keypad is used to enter
the password. The password which is entered is
compared with the predefined password.

• If the entered password is correct, then the system


opens the door by rotating door motor and displays
the status of door on LCD. If the password is wrong,
then the door is remains closed and displays “PWD is
wrong” on LCD.
Circuit Diagram
Components Required
• Hardware Requirements
– 8051 Microcontroller
– 8051 Development Board
– 8051 Programmer
– 4×4 Matrix Keypad
– 16×2 LCD
– L293D Motor Driver Board
– DC Motor
– 10KΩ Potentiometer
– Connecting wires
– Power Supply
– If 8051 Development Board is not used, then the following components are
needed.
• 11.0592 MHz Quartz Crystal
• 2 x 33pF Ceramic Capacitors
• 2 x 10 KΩ Resistor (1/4 Watt)
• 10 µF Capacitor (Polarized)
• Push Button
• Software Requirements

– Keil µVision IDE


– Willar Programmer
– Proteus (for circuit diagram and simulation)
Circuit Design
• Password based door lock system using 8051
microcontroller circuit design uses five major
components – a Microcontroller, an L293D Motor
Driver, a DC Motor, a 4×4 Matrix Keypad and a 16×2
LCD. Here, an AT89C52 Microcontroller is used and it
is an 8-bit controller. This controller requires a
supply voltage of +5V DC. In order to provide
regulated 5V DC voltage to the controller we need to
use 7805 power supply circuit. We can use 9V DC
battery or 12V, 1A adaptor as a power source.
Reset Circuit Design:
• The reset pin of the microcontroller is kept active till
the power supply is in the specified range and a
minimum oscillation level is maintained. In other
words to ensure the supply voltage does not falls
below the threshold level of 1.2V and the reset
pulse width is greater than 100ms (recommended
for 89C52), we need to select the values of resistor
and capacitor such that RC >=100ms. Hence, we
selected a 10KΩ resistor and a 10µF electrolytic
capacitor.
Oscillator Circuit Design
• An 11.0592MHz crystal oscillator is used to
provide external clock signal to the
microcontroller. To ensure smooth operation,
we need to connect two ceramic capacitors in
the range of 30pF to 40pF. This crystal
oscillator is connected between pin 18 and 19
of the microcontroller. Here, we used two
33pF capacitors.
Interfacing LCD, Keypad and Motor Driver

• First, a 10KΩ Potentiometer is connected to the LCD


Display’s Contrast Adjust Pin (Pin 3). RS, RW and E of LCD
are connected to P3.0, GND and P3.2 pins respectively.
The eight data lines of the LCD are connected to PORT1.

• The four ROW pins of the Keypad are connected to P2.0


to P2.3 and the four COLUMN pins of the Keypad are
connected to P2.4 to P2.7 pins respectively. The IN1 and
IN2 of (1A and 2A) of the L293D Motor Driver are
connected to PORT0 pins P0.0 and P0.1. Motor is
connected between OUT1 and OUT2 (1Y and 2Y) pins of
L293D.
Compilation of Microcontroller Code
• Once the circuit is designed and drawn on a piece of paper,
the next step is to write and compile the code. Here, we used
the Keil µVision software to write the program in C language.

• Prior to writing the code, general steps needs to be followed


like creating a new project and selecting the target device or
the required microcontroller. Once the code is written, we
need to save it with .c extension and then add it to the source
file group under the target folder. The code is then compiled
by pressing F7 key.

• Once the code is compiled, a hex file is created. In the next


step, we use Proteus software to draw the circuit. The code is
dumped into the microcontroller using an external
programmer and Willar Software
Circuit Operation
• Once the circuit is powered ON, microcontroller sends
commands to the LCD to display “enter password” on LCD.
Now we need to enter the password using the keypad.
Once password is entered, it displays 5 stars on LCD to
indicate that controller read password successfully.

• Now the controller compares the entered password with


predefined password. If the password is matched, then
the microcontroller makes P0.0 HIGH and P0.1 LOW, so
the motor driver gets the input signals for forward motion
of the motor.
• As a result, the Door Motor rotates in forward
direction to open the door. After a delay of
10seconds, the microcontroller makes P0.0 LOW and
P0.1 HIGH, so the motor driver gets the input signals
for reverse motion. As a result, the Door motor
rotates in reverse direction to close the door.

• If the password is not matched, then microcontroller


maintains both P0.0 and P0.1 LOW. Hence, the door
motor is stationary so that door remains closed.

• NOTE: While giving the connections, make sure that


there is no common connection between AC and DC
supplies.
System Algorithm
I. Initially, declare the PORT1 to LCD data pins and control
pins (RS and E) to P3.0 and P3.2. Also, declare PORT2 to
keypad. Also use P0.0 and P0.1 for motor driver.
II. Then, display the message “enter password” on LCD.
III. Now read the five digit password from the user.
IV. Compare the entered password with the stored password.
V. If password is correct, then make P0.0 pin HIGH and P0.1
pin LOW to open the door. During this time, display “Door
opening” on LCD.
VI. After some time, make P0.0 pin LOW and P0.1 pin HIGH to
close the door and after this display “Door closing” on LCD.
VII.If the password is wrong, then display “Wrong Password”
on LCD.
VIII.After some delay again ask to enter password.
Advantages

• This project provides security


• Power consumption is less
• Used commonly available components
• Project is simple and easy
Applications

• This simple circuit can be used at residential


places to ensure better safety.
• It can be used at organizations
Limitations to ensure
authorized access to highly secured places.
• With a slight modification this Project can be
used to control the switching of loads through
password.
Limitations

• It is a low range circuit, i.e. it is not possible to


operate the circuit remotely.
• If you forget the password it is not possible to open
the door.

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