Deepshikha Agrawal Pushp

B.Sc.(IT), MBA (IT)

Certification-Hadoop,Spark,Scala,
Python,Tableau,ML
(Assistant Professor JLBS)
Data visualization

Data visualization is the graphical representation of information and data. By using

visual elements like charts ,graphs and maps, data visualization tools provide an
accessible way to see and understand trends, outliers, and patterns in data.

In the world of Big Data, data visualization tools and technologies are
essential to analyze massive amounts of information and make data-driven decisions.
• The Daily Routines of Famous Creati
ve People
 Tableau
Tableau is a powerful and fastest growing data
visualization tool used in the Business
Intelligence Industry.
It helps in simplifying raw data into the very easily understandable format.

Basic version of Tableau data visualization tool is free which can perform regular tasks such
as:
•   Sales data analysis
•   User density monitoring
•   Consumer segmenting
•   Categorizing and sub-categorizing data
 What is Tableau used for?

Usage of Tableau software are listed below:

• Tableau software is used to translate queries into visualization.
• It is also used for managing metadata.
• Tableau software imports data of all sizes and ranges.
• For a non-technical user, Tableau is a life saver as it offers the facility to create ‘no-code’
data queries.
Tableau Product Family
 Understanding Tableau
Let us start by taking a look at the datatypes that Tableau supports. Refer to the
diagram below which shows all the compatible data types of Tableau.
The data types that we are dealing with can also be categorized broadly into two categories
and they are:
• Measures
• Dimensions
Refer to the diagram below to understand the differences between Dimensions and
Measures.
 Why visualize data?

• It is a good way to communicate complex information, because we are highly

visual animals, evolved to spot patterns and make visual comparisons. To
visualize effectively, however, it helps to understand a little about how our
brains process visual information.
 How To Use Tableau?
You just need to follow the below 3-step to use
Tableau:
• Connect to data
• Play around with the UI
• Create visualizations
Tableau first Screen
 Connect to data

The first thing to do in Tableau is to connect to your data.

There are mainly two types of connections-
Connecting to your local file or connecting to a server.
While working on Tableau, data can have Live Connection
where any change in the source data will be automatically
updated in Tableau. On the other hand, data can be
Extracted to Tableau repository so that any change made
here will not affect the original source data.
Introducing Tableau Desktop Workspace
 Menu

The menu bar in Tableau consists of various options to edit your visualization.

 Features that are accessed via the main menu

 File Menu : Like any windows program it contains Open, Save and Save As.
 Data Menu : Paste data, Highlight and copy data, edit relationships.
 Worksheet Menu : The Export option allows you to export your worksheet as an image, an
Excel crosstab or in access database file format.
 Dashboard Menu : Action menu is a very useful feature that is reached from both the
Dashboard Menu and the Worksheet Menu.
 Analysis Menu : This is accessed for the aggregate measures and stack marks options.
 Map Menu : This is used to alter the base map color scheme between normal, gray or dark.
 Format menu : For pointing at anything and right clicking gets you to a context-specific
formatting menu more quickly.
 Practical -1
1- Open Tableau
2- Click on Connect Excel Datasource
3- Load the Tableau_DIY_BDCS_Sales.xlsx File
4- Verify the data
5- Goto Sheet 1
6- Click on the Channel Type from the left side, drop in the column shelf.
7- Add Sales_Amt in the row shelf
8- Notice the dimension and measures section.
9- Notice the Datasources and Sheets tab at the bottom of the screen.
10- Change the visualizations using "Show me".
 Practical-2
1- Add a new sheet.
2- Click on the Sales Type from the left side, drop in the rows shelf.
3- Add Sales Cost in the column shelf
4- Add Channel Type in the Color Marks.
Visualization:
 Practical -3
1- Add a new sheet.
2- Click on the Department from the left side, drop in the rows shelf.
3- Click on the Sales Type from the left side, drop in the rows shelf.
4- Add Sales Cost in the column shelf
5- Add Item Category in the Color Marks.
6- On the top right side, click on "Show me" to select various visualization.
Sets in Tableau

Sets in Tableau are used to create subsets of data based on certain conditions defined by the
user. For example, a set can be created for having a subset data of top 10 customers with the
highest sales.
Create a set

To create a dynamic set:

In the Data pane, under Dimensions, right-click a field and select Create > Set.
In the Create Set dialog box, configure your set. You can configure your set using the following
tabs:
General: Use the General tab to select one or more values that will be considered when
computing the set.
You can alternatively select the Use all option to always consider all members even when new
members are added or removed.
General: Use the General tab to select one or more values that will be considered when computing
the set.
You can alternatively select the Use all option to always consider all members even when new
members are added or removed.
Condition: Use the Condition tab to define rules that determine what members to include in the set.
For example, you might specify a condition that is based on total sales that only includes products with
sales over $100,000.
Top: Use the Top tab to define limits on what members to include in the set.
For example, you might specify a limit that is based on total sales that only includes the top 5 products
based on their sales.
Use sets in the visualization
After you create a set, it displays at the bottom of the Data pane in the Sets section.
You can drag it into the viz like any other field.
When you drag a set to the viz in Tableau Desktop, you can choose to show the
members of the set or aggregate the members into In/Out categories.
Show In/Out members in a set
In most cases, when you drag a set to the viz, Tableau displays the set using the In/Out
mode. This mode separates the set into two categories:
In - The members in the set.
Out - Any members that are not part of the set.
For example, in a set defined for the top 25 customers, the top customers would be part of
the In category and all other customers would be part of the Out category. 
To show In/Out members in the visualization:
1- Open the saved TWB file - Tableau BDCS DIY.
2- Use the data connection
3- Goto Sheet 2
4- Right Click on the Customer Location from the left side, Create - Set (Select some big
cities)
5- Add the Customer Location from the dimensions to the rows shelf.
6- Add Sales Cost in the column shelf.
7- Add the newly created set to the filter shelf. Edit filter to select only "IN" values. Do the
following Hands on excercises.
By Creating a Set(Employee country) Answer the following

Who is giving highest sales in UK,IN,US?

Do the following Hands on excercises.

1- Add a new sheet.

2- Create a set for Customer Names - Select a few Customers.
3- Add Sales Amount in the column shelf
4- Add Sale Type in the Color Marks.
5- Add the new Customer set in the filter.
Calculated Fields

Calculated Fields are additional fields that are a combination of formulas and existing fields in
your data source. When you create a calculated field, you are essentially creating a new data
field that can be used in your data visualizations.
Create Calculated Field.

Let us get started straight away by creating a Calculated Field, you actually have a few options
on how to do this:
In a worksheet and Menu Bar, go to Analysis and select Create Calculated Field.
Right-click on a Field in the Data Pane, go to Create and select Calculated Field.
In the Data Pane, on the right of the Dimension header, click on the Down Arrow (Down
Carrot), and select Create Calculated Field.
Let us have a look at what we have:
1. Is where you put the name of your Calculated Field, this must be unique.
2. This is where you will write your Calculated Field formula. This includes auto-complete.
3. This is a logical grouping of available Calculations. We will go through the formulas based
on these groupings. You can also search to see if your formula you require exists.
4. Here is the list of formulas that you have available to you at present.
5. If you click on a function listed in 4, you will see a short description.
Why Use Calculated Fields

Calculated fields allow you to create new data from data that already exists in your data
source. When you create a calculated field, you are essentially creating a new field (or column)
in your data source, the values or members of which are determined by a calculation that you
control. This new calculated field is saved to your data source in Tableau, and can be used to
create more robust visualizations. But don't worry: your original data remains untouched.
You can use calculated fields for many, many reasons. Some examples might include:
To segment data
To convert the data type of a field, such as converting a string to a date.
To aggregate data
To filter results
To calculate ratios
Set ,Calculated Field

1- Add a new sheet.

2- Create 2 sets for Customer Names, first one based on Sales Amount greater than 9000 and
second one Sales amount less than 4000
3- Create a calculated field for Small / Medium / Large Customer based on Sales Amount -
Customer Set Size
3- Add Sales Amount in the column shelf
4- Add set Customer Set Size in the Color Marks.
5- Add the new Customer set in the filter.
Exercise

Dataset-Office supply data set

Data Set summary (Source: Superdatascience)e: OfficeSupplies sales data by sales
persons in three diferent geographical regions in the United States
Objective: Take first steps to understand data visualization
1. Tasks are to find out which salesperson(s)e gets the performance-based increment
2. Which factors need to be considered for performance increment
3. Which sales person(s)e need to improve their performance
4. When would you plan the marketing campaign
Steps to achieve Business Objectives
1. Identify the types of variables present (5 min)e
Quantitative Qualitative Other
2. Prepare your first bar graph. Which two variables would you use ?
3. Visualize total number of units sold by each sales person .
4. 4. Identify product volumes sold by each sales person in different regions(Hint –use
filters)
5. Create a calculated field to yield Total Revenue (formula: Total Revenue = Total
number of units sold multiplied by selling price of a unit)e
6. Prepare a bar graph and a data table to describe revenue generated per item (i.e.
product)e in each geographic region
7. Prepare a bar graph to describe revenues contributed by each salesperson for each
item
(i.e. product)e category from different geographical regions
8. So which sales representative has performed the best in terms of number of units
sold
and total revenue contributed.