Assqc 4

INSPECTING
PRODUCTS
Conformance Vs Non Conformance?
What is Inspection????
An inspection or audit is the visual examination or
review of materials, product components, and finished
products on the basis of their adherence to some
established set of standards, specifications, or
requirements.
Inspection often includes a physical check of product
dimensions or measurements to determine if the product is
the appropriate size, shape, or proportion.
Thus, inspection implies a very careful examination
of a material or product , sometimes with the assistance of
a measuring device. The analysis is based on a comparison
between the item under inspection and established
requirements.
The Inspection Loop
MATERIALS INSPECTION
Materials inspection identifies the presence of any

patent defects with the materials that are to be combined
in a product. Materials inspection is recommended as a
means of increasing overall product quality and decreasing
production costs.
A company can avoid the investment of time, labor,
or other resources when defective materials are identified
before production begins. Materials are inspected to
determine their adherence to length, width, quality level,
and uniformity requirements.
SOURCE INSPECTION
Source inspection is the inspection of materials,
components, products, or documents at the supplier’s
facility by an individual not employed by the supplier.
Source inspection is not common in the textile industry
complex. Source inspection may be done because it is
convenient or the buyer needs to identify the quality of the
materials, components, or products immediately.
Source inspectors perform many functions. They

work with suppliers so that their materials, components, or
goods are in compliance. Inspectors may train local
individuals to be knowledgeable inspectors or plant
managers, provide additional information regarding specs
or standards, answer questions, and help interpret
information so that it is used to improve quality.
INCOMING INSPECTION
Incoming or receiving inspection is a visual examination of
components and finished trims or other parts of a product.
Inspection is especially important when components have
been produced in another facility.
If components and other parts are inspected immediately

on arrival at the manufacturing plant, their acceptability
can be determined at that point. If they are unacceptable ,
the supplier can attempt to minimize the negative impact
of the inferior components on uninterrupted
manufacturing , consistent quality, and production
deadlines.
IN-PROCESS INSPECTION
In-process inspection is a general term that describes
any visual evaluation or check of parts, components, or
materials during production. This process concentrates on
assessing conformance to standards and specifications for
the assembly process. It is called in-process inspection
because inspection occurs during the process of converting
materials into finished products.
In process inspection means that individual parts or
components of products are examined before they are
assembled to determine if each part or component meets
required specs and standards. Sometimes, this process is
called during production or du-pro inspection.
IN-PROCESS INSPECTION-
5 Basic Elements
 Each operation involved in the production of a finished
product should have a set of written specifications that
describe the requirements to be met.
 The individual(s) responsible for that operation must

understand what is required of them and how their work
will be evaluated.
 These individuals should have received sufficient training to

meet the stated requirements.
 The reward structure should emphasize meeting
expectations rather than penalizing failure to meet
production rates and specifications. In other words,
pay should reflect how many items or processes were
produced that met the specs and should not reflect
how many in total were produced.
 The inspection process must incorporate a feedback
mechanism so that problems related to incorrect
handling of materials, incorrect machine settings, poor
operator training or understanding, or other sources of
defects can be identified and corrected. This feedback
is referred to as process improvement and is a key
element to improving product quality. Thus, in-process
inspection can be used as a diagnostic tool to help
refine and improve the production process.
TYPES OF IN-PROCESS INSPECTIONS
Inspections of all parts or components are referred

to as 100 % inspection. With 100% inspection, costs are
greater, but the possibility of inferior products being
produced is reduced. Less than 100% inspection is referred
to as random or statistical sampling. In random sampling,
a few randomly selected items are inspected. This type of
inspection is based on the assumption that product or
process quality is consistent between samples.
In-process inspection can occur after each and every
operation within a facility.
VENDOR INSPECTION
In-process inspection by employees is done not just to
benefit the manufacturer. In-process inspection of vendor’s facilities
has become a mainstay of many large retailers and others who
contract production of manufactured textile and apparel items.
A vendor inspection ensures that merchandise in production
will meet standards and specifications developed by the buyer that
the merchandise will be available on time, and that sufficient
documentation by the producer exists so that records can be
examined when needed. In many ways, the documentation needed
for suppliers is similar to that needed to qualify for ISO 9000
certification.
Vendor inspections may take place on a planned or
scheduled basis or on an unscheduled, surprise basis.
Product Inspection
Types of Prodcut Inspection
• Final Inspection
• Pilot lot Inspection
• Shipment Inspection
FINAL INSPECTION
The type of product inspection occurs after all production
operations have been completed. This final inspection ensures that
a finished product meets required standards and specifications.
Final inspection can be based on 100 percent of the products
or on a statistical sample. Final inspection usually is done at the
production facility. Final product inspection often means examining
the product to see that it meets specifications related to design,
size, fit, appearance, construction, and function .
A final inspection based on a statistical sample is ideal if in-
process inspection, training, and other quality assurance practices
have been implemented, so that quality is incorporated into the
product throughout the process. Companies that engage in 100
percent final inspection may do so because of insufficient in-process
inspection during production.
Pilot lot Inspection
After the first sample or pilot lot of a product
style has been produced, it should be inspected
carefully. This pilot lot represents the quality from
the production floor as it is expected to occur unless
changes in the process are made.
A pilot lot inspection is a careful examination
of the first sample production run in the facility for a
specific style or product line. Sometimes ,this type of
inspection is also referred to as first piece inspection.
SHIPMENT INSPECTION
When products are shipped to the distribution

center, another product audit or inspection may take place.
This inspection is referred to as shipment inspection,
packed product inspection or audit, or buyer audit.
The entire shipment is unloaded at the distribution

center and a predetermined number of sample products
that represent all of the sizes and colors included in the
shipment are pulled. The samples are 100% inspected for
adherence to standards and specifications. Shipments
whose samples do not pass inspection may be refused by
the buyer and returned to the vendor.
Vendor Certification and Supplier Partnerships

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INSPECTING

Materials inspection identifies the presence of any

Source inspectors perform many functions. They

If components and other parts are inspected immediately

 The individual(s) responsible for that operation must

 These individuals should have received sufficient training to

Inspections of all parts or components are referred

When products are shipped to the distribution

The entire shipment is unloaded at the distribution

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