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File Handling in Java

Stream represents an input source or output destination like disk files, devices, and memory arrays. Byte streams use the InputStream and OutputStream classes to perform input/output of bytes, while character streams use the Reader and Writer classes to handle character-based input/output and translate to and from the local character set. The File class represents files and directories on the filesystem and provides methods for file operations like reading, writing, deleting, and getting attributes.

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Aman Yadav
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98 views

File Handling in Java

Stream represents an input source or output destination like disk files, devices, and memory arrays. Byte streams use the InputStream and OutputStream classes to perform input/output of bytes, while character streams use the Reader and Writer classes to handle character-based input/output and translate to and from the local character set. The File class represents files and directories on the filesystem and provides methods for file operations like reading, writing, deleting, and getting attributes.

Uploaded by

Aman Yadav
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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File Handling in Java

Stream

 Stream Represents an input source or output destination


• Disk files, devices, other programs, and memory arrays
 Stream supports
• Simple bytes primitive data types, localized characters and
objects
 Stream represent a simple model to programs
 Stream represents sequence of data
Stream

Program ---------uses input stream---------->to read data from


source

Program ---------uses output stream---------->to read data to


destination
OutputStream class InputStream class

• Base class of all output • Base class of all input stream


stream of bytes of bytes
• Sub classes are • Sub classes are
– FileOutputStream – FileInputStream
– ByteArrayOutputStream – ByteArrayInputStream
– FilterOutputStream – FilterInputStream
• DataOutputStream • DataInputStream
• BufferedOutputStream • BufferedInputStream
• PrintStream • PushBackInputStream
– PipedOutputStream – PipedInputStream
– ObjectOutputStream – ObjectInputStream
Byte Stream

 Programs use Byte Streams to perform I/O in the form of


bytes
 Byte Stream classes are inherited from InputStream and
OutputStream classes
 For File I/O
• FileInputStream and FileOutputStream classes
Copying from the file
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException
{
FileInputStream fin = null;
FileOutputStream fout = null;
try {
fin = new FileInputStream("myfile.txt");
fout = new FileOutputStream("myfile1.txt");
int c;
while ((c = fin.read()) != -1) {
fout.write(c);
}
} finally {
if (fin != null) {
fin.close();
}
if (fout != null) {
fout.close();
}
} // end of finally
} //end of main
Points to note

 Import statements
• import java.io.FileInputStream;
• import java.io.FileOutputStream;
• import java.io.IOException;
 throws IOException
 Closing the streams
• Whether or not error occurs
 Return type of read method – int
• Value bytes is returned as int in the range 0 to 255
• -1 on reaching EOF
When used?

 To perform low level I/O

 For other purposes use Character Streams


Character Streams

 How are character values stored on Java platform?


• Unicode

 Classes responsible for using Character Streams translate


to and from local character set
• The program adapts to local character set
 Inherit from Reader and Writer classes
 For File I/O
• FileReader and FileWriter classes
Copying from the file
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException
{ FileReader fin = null;
FileWriter fout = null;
try {
fin = new FileReader("myfile.txt");
fout = new FileWriter("myfile1.txt");
int c;
while ((c = fin.read()) != -1) {
fout.write(c);
}
} finally {
if (fin != null) {
fin.close();
}
if (fout != null) {
fout.close();
}
}
}
Points to note

 Import statements
• import java.io.FileReader;
• import java.io.FileWriter;
• import java.io.IOException;
 throws IOException
 Closing the streams
• Whether or not error occurs
 Return type of read method – int
• Stores value in last 16 bits
• -1 on reaching EOF

 Wrappers for Byte Streams


Line oriented I/O

BufferedReader inputStream = null;


PrintWriter outputStream = null;

try {
inputStream = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("myfile.txt"));
outputStream = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter("myfile1.txt"));

String str;
while ((str = inputStream.readLine()) != null) {
outputStream.println(str);
}
} finally {

//closing the streams


}
File Operations
The File class

 Import java.io package


 Methods
• canRead
• canWrite
• createNewFile
• delete
• exists
• getName
• length
• list
• mkdir
• getAbsolutePath
Files class

 How to use the methods of File class?

File obj1 = new File(“myfile.txt”);


if(obj1.createNewFile())
{
SOP(“New file created” + obj1.getName())
SOP(obj1.getAbsolutePath());
}
else
SOP(“File already exists”);

*****Handle IOException
File obj1 = new File(“myfile.txt”);

if (obj1.exists())
{
      System.out.println("File name: " + obj1.getName()); 
      System.out.println("Absolute path: " + obj1.getAbsolutePath()); 
      System.out.println("Writeable: " + obj1.canWrite()); 
      System.out.println("Readable " + obj1.canRead()); 
      System.out.println("File size in bytes " + obj1.length());
   }
else 
{
      System.out.println("The file does not exist.");
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
try {
File myObj = new File("myfile.txt");
Scanner r1 = new Scanner(myObj);

while (r1.hasNextLine())
{
String data = r1.nextLine();
System.out.println(data);
}
r1.close();

} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
System.out.println("An error occurred.");
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

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