Churches

EARLY CHRISTIAN
- FINAL PHASE OF ROMAN ARCHITECTURE, PRIMARILY IN CHURCH

- ROMAN AND GREEK IN CHARACTER
- TO SHELTERED GOD
- TO SERVE WORSHIPPERS
- FAÇADE FACED WEST
- ALTAR FACING EAST
BYZANTINE
- CHANGED THE CAPITAL EMPIRE FROM ROME TO CONSTANTINOPLE
- CENTRALIZED PLAN
- DUMPED EARLY CHRISTIAN STYLE FOR NEW DOMINICAL BYZANTINE STYLE (ORTHODOX CHURCHES)
- EXTENSIVE USE OF MOSAIC DECORATION
- FAÇADE FACED WEST
- “HOLY WISDOM”
- Built for 5 years & 10 months
- Currently a mosque (2020)
- Third Hagia Sophia since 537 built by
architects Isidoros Milet & Anthemios
Tralles
HAGIA SOPHIA in Istanbul, Turkey

ROMANESQUE
- COMBINATION OF ROMAN & BYZANTINE, OR BASICALLY ROMAN IN STYLE
- CHRISTIANITY RESULTED INTO ERECTION OF CHURCHES
- ESTABLISHMENT OF “FEUDAL SYSTEM”, LANDLORDS BUILT “CASTLE”
- HEAVY ARTICULATED MASONRY CONSTRUCTION WITH NARROW OPENINGS, ROUND ARCHES, BARREL VAULTS,
AND SPARSE
- CROSS-GROIN VAULTS, USE OF BAY SYSTEM
- Oldest of the three structures in

the plaza followed by the Pisa
baptistry and the campanile
known as the Leaning Tower of
Pisa
- Dedicated to the Assumption of
the Virgin Mary
CATHEDRAL OF PISA IN ITALY

GOTHIC
- BEFORE GOTHIC, IT WAS KNOWN AS THE “FRENCH STYLE” (OPUS FRANCIGENUM)
- “STYLE OGIVALE”
ARCHITECTURAL STYLES:
- FLYING BUTTRESS - LIGHT AIRY CEILING - ORNATE DECORATION
- VAULTED CEILING - POINTED ARCH - RIBBED VAULT
- HEIGHT - GARGOYLES
- “OUR LADY OF PARIS”

- Located on the eastern half of the île
de la cité (island in the seine river)
- Scheduled to reopen to the public
by 2024
- Cathedral’s “PARVIS” (an enclosed
area in front of a cathedral or
church) is accessible to the public
since may 2020
NOTRE DAME CATHEDRAL IN PARIS

- Known for the mind-blowing number of
statues that festoon its walls: 2,303
- World's only religious edifice that contains
the largest number of statues, one of which
is particularly famous; the “ANGE AU
SOURIRE” (the smiling angel), emblem of
reims.
REIMS CATHEDRAL IN ENGLAND
- formally the CATHEDRAL CHURCH OF THE

BLESSED VIRGIN MARY, is an Anglican
cathedral in Salisbury, England.
- The cathedral is the mother church of the
Diocese of Salisbury and is the seat of the
Bishop of Salisbury.
SALISBURY CATHEDRAL IN ENGLAND

SPAIN
SEVILLE CATHEDRAL
- Formally, Catedral de Santa Maria de la Sede
(cathedral of saint mary of the see)
- Begun 1402
- Largest of all roman catholic cathedrals
- Largest medieval gothic religious building, both area
and volume
ITALY
MILAN CATHEDRAL
- MILAN, LOMBARDY, ITALY
- Metropolitan Cathedral-Basilica of the Nativity of
Saint Mary
- Largest medieval cathedral
- It houses thousands of statues and hundreds of
gargoyles and church figures and is revered as a staple
of the French gothic style.
RENAISSANCE
- “REBIRTH” OF THE ROMAN CLASSICAL ARTS
- BIRTH IN FLORENCE
- REINTRODUCTION OF THE 5 CLASSICAL ROMAN ORDERS: TUSCAN, IONIC, DORIC, CORINTHIAN, COMPOSITE
- ORDERS WERE STANDARDIZED BY PALLADIO AND VIGNOLA
ARCHITECTURAL STYLES:
- RUSTICATED MASONRY WALLS
- WALL ANGLES CALLED “QUIONS” - Papal Basilica of Saint Peter in the Vatican
- Largest church In the world
- It is said to be the final resting place of Saint Peter, whose
tomb is rumored to be directly beneath the high altar of
the Basilica.
- has eleven chapels in its nave.
- over 25 Altars inside St. Peter’s Basilica but the most
sacred altar is the Papal Altar built over the tomb of St.
Peter, the crucified first Bishop of the Catholic Church
- St. Peter’s Square is one of the biggest public venues in
the world, St. Peter’s Square is 320 meters in length and
ST. PETER’S BASILICA IN VATICAN CITY 240 meters in width.
FLORENCE CATHEDRAL
- Cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore
- Architects: Filippo Brunelleschi, Arnolfo di Cambio, Emilio
De Fabris, Francesco Talenti
- The height of the dome is 114.5 m (375.7 ft).
- It has the fifth tallest dome in the world.
- Lorenzo Ghiberti (1368-1445) and Filippo Brunelleschi
(1377-1446) who built the dome
FLORENCE, CATHEDRAL in Florence Italy
CHÂTEAU DE CHAMBORD
- by Domenico da Cortona, Jules Hardouin-Mansart,
Pierre Nepveu, Michel Ranjard
- one of the most recognizable châteaux in the world
because of its very distinctive French Renaissance
architecture
- Commissioned by King Francis I and imagined by the
great Leonardo da Vinci
- the largest and most majestic castle of the Loire. It is a
CHÂTEAU DE CHAMBORD in Chambord, Centre-Val symbol of the French Renaissance and of the power of a
de Loire, France, passionate ruler who revered the arts.
EARLY RENAISSANCE – PERIOD OF LEARNING
RICCARDI PALACE
- BY BRUNELLESCHI
- It is the seat of the Metropolitan City of Florence and a
museum.
- Completed in 1460, it housed successive generations of
the powerful Medici family.
- It is widely considered to be the birthplace of the
Renaissance.
HIGH RENAISSANCE – PROTO-BAROQUE

TEMPIETTO
- BY DONATO BRAMANTE
- An Italian term meaning 'LITTLE TEMPLE' that normally
refers to a small round sacred structure.
- The most famous example of this type of building is
Bramante's tempietto next to San Pietro in Montorio,
Rome.
BAROQUE – FREELY AND FIRMLY ACQUIRED ROCOCO – ROCK-LIKE FORMS, FANTASTIC
KNOWLEDGE SCROLLS AND CRIMPLED SHELLS
GESU CHURCH
VILLA ROTONDA
- BY ANDREA
PALLADIO
GESU CHURCH
- BY GIACOMO
VIGNOLA
- Roman catholic
church of the Ateneo
de Manila University
campus in Quezon
City.

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EARLY CHRISTIAN

- FINAL PHASE OF ROMAN ARCHITECTURE, PRIMARILY IN CHURCH

HAGIA SOPHIA in Istanbul, Turkey

- Oldest of the three structures in

CATHEDRAL OF PISA IN ITALY

- “OUR LADY OF PARIS”

NOTRE DAME CATHEDRAL IN PARIS

REIMS CATHEDRAL IN ENGLAND

- formally the CATHEDRAL CHURCH OF THE

SALISBURY CATHEDRAL IN ENGLAND

HIGH RENAISSANCE – PROTO-BAROQUE

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