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    Plant Viruses

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    Syed Sibtul Hassan
    The document discusses plant viruses, their structure, characteristics, replication process and morphology. It also covers viroids which are circular RNA molecules that are the smallest known infectious agents, and virusoids which are viroid-like satellite RNAs contained within some viruses.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Plant Viruses

    Uploaded by

    Syed Sibtul Hassan
    35 views9 pages
    The document discusses plant viruses, their structure, characteristics, replication process and morphology. It also covers viroids which are circular RNA molecules that are the smallest known infectious agents, and virusoids which are viroid-like satellite RNAs contained within some viruses.

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    PLANT VIRUSES

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    The document discusses plant viruses, their structure, characteristics, replication process and morphology. It also covers viroids which are circular RNA molecules that are the smallest known infectious agents, and virusoids which are viroid-like satellite RNAs contained within some viruses.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    35 views9 pages

    Plant Viruses

    Uploaded by

    Syed Sibtul Hassan
    The document discusses plant viruses, their structure, characteristics, replication process and morphology. It also covers viroids which are circular RNA molecules that are the smallest known infectious agents, and virusoids which are viroid-like satellite RNAs contained within some viruses.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    PLANT VIRUSES

     Virus is a submicroscopic, transmissible,


    intercellular, obligate parasite and consists of
    nucleic acid (either RNA or DNA), which is
    typically surrounded by a protein coat. They
    are less than 200 milli micron and cannot be
    grown in artificial media and require living
    host cell for multiplication. They have both
    living and nonliving properties.
    Characteristics of viruses
     Characteristics of viruses which separate them
    from other causes of plant pathogens are: They
    are acellular.
     They are sub-microscopic and intracellular.
    They lack lipid membrane system and energy
    production.
     They use host machinery for their replication.
    STURCTURE OF VIRUS

     Virion is a technical term used for the virus particle.A


    virion consists of nucleic acid surrounded by a protein
    coat.
     The nucleic acid is called _nucleoid' which may be either
    de-oxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid RNA
    (mostly RNA in plant viruses), but never both; and forms
    the genome.
     The protein coat is called capsid'. It consists of many
    subunits which are similar and occasionally dissimilar,
    and these subunits are called capsomeres.
    MORPHOLOGY OF VIRUSES
    1. Rigid rod: (E.g.) Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) and
    Tobacco rattle Virus (TRV)
    2. Flexuous rod: (E.g.) Potato Virus X (PVX), Bean
    Common Mosaic Virus (BCMV).
    3. Filamentous rod: (E.g.) Tenuiviruses likes Rice Grassy
    Stunt (RGSV) and Rice Stripe Virus (RSV).
    4. Isometric: (E.g.) Rice Tungro Spherical Virus (RTSV),
    Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV), Tomato Spotted Wilt
    Virus (TSWV).
    5. Bacilliform: (E.g.) Rice Tungro Bacilliform Virus
    (RTBV), Banana streak virus (BSV) and Cocoa Swollen
    Shoot Virus (CCSV).
    MULTIPLICATION OF
    VIRUS
    Multiplication of virus is different from fungi and bacteria.
    First step in the multiplication is the separation of nucleic

    acid from the protein coat in the host cell by the enzymes of
    host cell.
    Nucleic acid itself involve in the synthesis of new nucleic

    acid and protein coat by utilizing the amino acids, ribosome


    and transfer RNA of the host.
    Once the new nucleic acids and proteins subunits are

    formed, the nucleic acid arranges the protein subunit


    around it to form the complete virus particle or virons.
     Vector is an organism that carries and
    transmits a pathogen (inoculum) to a plant.
    Vectors may be insect, nematodes, fungi, etc.
     Symptoms like chlorosis, mosaic, streak, vein
    clearing, vein banding, leaf crinkle, leaf curl,
    enation, necrosis, dwarfing, rosette, bunchy
    top, twisting etc. are produced in crop plants.
    VIROIDS
    Viroids area covalently closed circular RNA molecules.
    Viroids were the first circular RNAs to be discovered in
    nature.
    These are the smallest known infectious agents. Potato
    spindle tuber viroid was the first viroid reported, and
    it is widely prevalent in different potato growing areas.
    Citrus exocortis viroid is wide spread in citrus
    production areas where trifoliate ornage(Poncirus
    trifoliate)is used as root stock.
    VIRUSOIDS (ENCAPSIDATED,
    VIROIDLIKE, SATELLITE RNA'S)
    Some
     viruses contain a viroid like satellite RNA in addition to a linear, single
    stranded molecule of genomic RNA.
    Such viroid -like satellite RNA's are called virusoids.

    They show little sequence homology with viroids, but they do show significant

    homology with the linear satellite RNA associated with Tobacco ringspot virus.
    The virusoids in infefcted plants exist almost solely as circular molecules, either

    free or encapsidated within virion of the helper virus.

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