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    The Muscular System

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    RETLAW
    The document summarizes the anatomy of the human muscular system. It describes that muscles make up 42% of total body weight and consist of fibers that vary in color and length. There are three types of muscles - skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Skeletal muscles work in pairs and are striated, smooth muscles line organs and contract automatically, and cardiac muscle makes up the heart. Each muscle has a body, origin, and insertion point. Tendons connect muscles to bones. Muscles maintain posture and contraction through residual tension. Aging decreases muscle strength and exercise can prevent loss of strength.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    The Muscular System

    Uploaded by

    RETLAW
    26 views19 pages
    The document summarizes the anatomy of the human muscular system. It describes that muscles make up 42% of total body weight and consist of fibers that vary in color and length. There are three types of muscles - skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Skeletal muscles work in pairs and are striated, smooth muscles line organs and contract automatically, and cardiac muscle makes up the heart. Each muscle has a body, origin, and insertion point. Tendons connect muscles to bones. Muscles maintain posture and contraction through residual tension. Aging decreases muscle strength and exercise can prevent loss of strength.

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    The document summarizes the anatomy of the human muscular system. It describes that muscles make up 42% of total body weight and consist of fibers that vary in color and length. There are three types of muscles - skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Skeletal muscles work in pairs and are striated, smooth muscles line organs and contract automatically, and cardiac muscle makes up the heart. Each muscle has a body, origin, and insertion point. Tendons connect muscles to bones. Muscles maintain posture and contraction through residual tension. Aging decreases muscle strength and exercise can prevent loss of strength.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    26 views19 pages

    The Muscular System

    Uploaded by

    RETLAW
    The document summarizes the anatomy of the human muscular system. It describes that muscles make up 42% of total body weight and consist of fibers that vary in color and length. There are three types of muscles - skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Skeletal muscles work in pairs and are striated, smooth muscles line organs and contract automatically, and cardiac muscle makes up the heart. Each muscle has a body, origin, and insertion point. Tendons connect muscles to bones. Muscles maintain posture and contraction through residual tension. Aging decreases muscle strength and exercise can prevent loss of strength.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 19

    Anatomy of the Human Muscular System

    The Female Human Muscular System


    The Male Human Muscular System
    -The muscular system consists of all the muscles of
    the body.
    -These make up approximately 42% of total body
    weight, and are composed of long, slender cells
    known as fibers.
    -The fibers are different lengths and vary in color from

    white to deep red.


    Each muscle consists of a group of fibers held
    together by connective tissue, and enclosed in a
    fibrous sheath or fascia (FASH ee ah).
    Muscles cause movement, help to maintain posture, and
    produce heat. There are 3 types, classified according to
    function and appearance:

    1. Skeletal Muscle

    2. Smooth Muscle

    3. Cardiac Muscle
    Skeletal muscles are elastic and work in
    pairs - one flexing while the other is
    extending. They are striated, with
    horizontal markings, and are stimulated
    to contract by electrical impulses from
    the Nervous system.

    Fast, white muscle fibers contract rapidly, have poor blood supply, operate
    without oxygen, and tire quickly. Slow, red muscle fibers contract more slowly,
    have better blood supplies, operate with oxygen, and do not tire as easily.
    They are used in ongoing movements, such as maintaining posture.
    Smooth muscle lines most
    hollow organs of the body,
    such as the intestines,
    stomach, and uterus. They
    help move substances through
    tubular areas such as blood
    vessels and the small
    intestines, contracting
    automatically and rhythmically.

    Smooth muscles contract slower than


    skeletal muscles, but can remain contracted
    longer, and are not as dependent on oxygen.
    They are stimulated by electrical impulses or
    hormones, and use carbohydrates for
    energy.
    The cardiac muscle
    or myocardium are
    striated like
    skeletal muscles,
    but are smaller and
    shorter.

    They are stimulated to contract by electrical impulses sent out from small
    clumps of specialized tissue in the heart called:
    1. sinoatrial (sī-nō-Ā-trē-ul)
    2. atrioventricular node (ā-trē-ō-ven-trik-y ə-lər) nodes.
    Each muscle has 3
    Body – the main portion parts:

    Origin – the fixed attachment

    Insertion - the point of


    attachment to the part of the
    body moved by this muscle

    In this picture, the origin of the Body

    muscle is the scapula


    attachment; a tendon
    provides the insertion on the
    ulna and radius bones.
    A tendon is a means of
    attachment, connecting the
    muscle to the bone. They vary in
    length, from less than an inch to
    more than a foot.

    A wide sheet-like tendon is


    called an aponeurosis
    (ap ah nyu ROH
    siss).
    Sterno cleidomastoid

    Pectoralis major
    Biceps

    External Oblique

    Rectus abdominis
    Rectus Femoris
    (Rec tus FĔM er us)

    Sartorius
    (sahr TOR ee us)
    Gastrocnemius (gas trock
    Tibialis NEE mee us)
    (tib ee AIL us)

    Soleus
    (SŌ lee us)
    Trapezius
    (trah PEE zee us)

    Deltoid
    Latissimus Dorsi (DEL toid)
    (lah TISS ah mus DOOR sigh)
    Triceps

    Gluteus medius
    (GLOO tee us MEE dee us)

    Hamstrings
    Gluteus maximus
    (GLOO tee us MAX ah mus)

    Achilles tendon
    Gastrocnemius
    (gas trock nee mee us)
    Muscles are
    continually
    working to
    maintain
    posture. This
    passive muscle
    contraction
    known as
    residual muscle
    tension is called
    tonicity. Tonicity is not the same as
    achieving muscle tone through
    exercise.
    With aging, muscles decrease in
    strength, endurance, range of motion,
    coordination, and elasticity. Exercising
    the muscles can help prevent a loss of
    strength.
    End of Presentation

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