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    Memory Operations

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    JEEVANANTHAM G
    The document discusses basic memory operations in a computer system. It describes how memory is used to store data and programs, organized into words of a certain size. The two basic memory operations are read and write. For a read, the CPU places the address on the address bus, asserts the read control signal, and retrieves data from memory onto the data bus. For a write, it places the address and data on the address and data buses, asserts the write control signal, and stores the data in memory. Memory address and data registers interface between the CPU and memory.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Memory Operations

    Uploaded by

    JEEVANANTHAM G
    30 views10 pages
    The document discusses basic memory operations in a computer system. It describes how memory is used to store data and programs, organized into words of a certain size. The two basic memory operations are read and write. For a read, the CPU places the address on the address bus, asserts the read control signal, and retrieves data from memory onto the data bus. For a write, it places the address and data on the address and data buses, asserts the write control signal, and stores the data in memory. Memory address and data registers interface between the CPU and memory.

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    4. Memory operations.pptx

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    The document discusses basic memory operations in a computer system. It describes how memory is used to store data and programs, organized into words of a certain size. The two basic memory operations are read and write. For a read, the CPU places the address on the address bus, asserts the read control signal, and retrieves data from memory onto the data bus. For a write, it places the address and data on the address and data buses, asserts the write control signal, and stores the data in memory. Memory address and data registers interface between the CPU and memory.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    30 views10 pages

    Memory Operations

    Uploaded by

    JEEVANANTHAM G
    The document discusses basic memory operations in a computer system. It describes how memory is used to store data and programs, organized into words of a certain size. The two basic memory operations are read and write. For a read, the CPU places the address on the address bus, asserts the read control signal, and retrieves data from memory onto the data bus. For a write, it places the address and data on the address and data buses, asserts the write control signal, and stores the data in memory. Memory address and data registers interface between the CPU and memory.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 10

    20CS307 - COMPUTER

    ARCHITECTURE
    UNIT – I
    BASIC STRUCTURE OF
    COMPUTERS
    Memory operations
    Memory operations - Objective
    • On completion of this session, you would be
    able to…
    • Know the basic operations on memory
    • Understand the different steps involved in
    those memory operations
    Memory Unit
    • One of the main components of a digital computer.
    • It is used to store data and programs.
    • A collection of storage cells and its associated
    circuits.
    • Each cell can store one bit(either 0 or 1) of
    information
    • The cells are organized into groups called “Words”.
    • The word size is in multiples of 8. Ex,8,16 or 24 etc.,
    • Each word can be moved in and out of memory as a
    unit.
    • Each word in memory is assigned an identification
    number, called an address
    Basic Memory Operations
    • CPU needs to access the memory in order to get the instructions and
    data for execution
    • The contents of the memory locations needed to be altered to store
    the results.
    • The two basic operations that can be performed on memory to get
    data/instructions from memory and store the result are:
    What are the requirements to perform memory read operation?
    • Address of the memory location from where data/Instruction is to be
    retrieved
    • System Bus which contains address, data and control buses as part of it.
    • Address bus carries the address of the specified location from which data to be
    retrieved.
    • Data bus carries the data/instruction after reading from memory.
    • A Read control signal by the control unit to instruct the memory to place the data onto
    the data bus from the specified location.
    What are the requirements to perform memory write
    operation?
    • Address of the memory location into which the data to be stored.
    • Data / Result to be stored in case of memory write operation.
    • System Bus which contains address, data and control buses as part of it.
    • Address bus carries the address of the location into which data to be saved.
    • Data bus carries the data to be saved into memory.
    • A Write control line by the control unit to instruct the memory unit to save the data
    from the data bus to the specified location.
    Basic Memory Operations
    • So, Data / Instructions are transferred between CPU and memory using
    Address bus(carries address), Data bus(carries data) and control bus
    lines(carries Read/Write control signals).

    • Two CPU registers are used to interface the CPU to the main memory. These
    are the memory address register (MAR) and the memory data register (MDR)

    • The MDR is used to hold the data to be stored and / or retrieved in/from the
    memory location whose address is held in the MAR.
    Memory Read Operation
    • Place the address of the location to
    be read on the address bus from
    MAR.
    • Activate the memory read control
    signal on the control bus.
    • Wait for the memory to retrieve the
    data from the addressed memory
    location and to place it on the data
    bus.
    • Read the data from the data bus and
    store it in MDR.
    • Drop the memory read control signal
    to terminate the
    Memory Read Operation
    • Place the address of the location
    to be written on the address bus
    from MAR.
    • Place the data to be written on
    the data bus from MDR.
    • Activate the memory write
    control signal on the control bus.
    • Wait for the memory to store the
    data at the addressed location.
    • Drop the memory write control
    signal to terminate the write
    cycle.
    Thank you…

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