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    The document discusses earthquakes including what causes them, how they are measured, their effects such as shaking, flooding, landslides and tsunamis, and preparation including studying faults and pressure buildup to predict future earthquakes. Major earthquakes are also listed.

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    The document discusses earthquakes including what causes them, how they are measured, their effects such as shaking, flooding, landslides and tsunamis, and preparation including studying faults and pressure buildup to predict future earthquakes. Major earthquakes are also listed.

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    The document discusses earthquakes including what causes them, how they are measured, their effects such as shaking, flooding, landslides and tsunamis, and preparation including studying faults and pressure buildup to predict future earthquakes. Major earthquakes are also listed.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    22 views11 pages

    Project

    Uploaded by

    Jose Orozco
    The document discusses earthquakes including what causes them, how they are measured, their effects such as shaking, flooding, landslides and tsunamis, and preparation including studying faults and pressure buildup to predict future earthquakes. Major earthquakes are also listed.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor, or temblor) is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that

    creates seismic waves. At the Earth's surface, earthquakes manifest themselves by shaking and sometimes displacing the ground.

    In its most generic sense, the word earthquake is used to describe any seismic event whether a natural phenomenon or an event caused by humans that generates seismic waves.

    Earthquakes are caused mostly by rupture of geological faults, but also by volcanic activity, landslides, mine blasts, and nuclear experiments. An earthquake's point of initial rupture is called its focus or hypocenter. The term epicenter refers to the point at ground level directly above the hypocenter.

    A sudden movement of the earth's crust caused by the release of stress accumulated along geologic faults or by volcanic activity. Also called seism, temblor.

    Meausuring
    Earthquakes can be recorded by seismometers up to great distances, because seismic waves travel through the whole Earth's interior. The absolute magnitude of a quake is conventionally reported by numbers on the Moment magnitude scale (formerly Richter scale, magnitude 7 causing serious damage over large areas), whereas the felt magnitude is reported using the modified Mercalli scale (intensity II-XII).

    Effects/impacts of earthquakes
    Shaking and ground rupture
    Shaking and ground rupture are the main effects created by earthquakes, principally resulting in more or less severe damage to buildings and other rigid structures. The severity of the local effects depends on the complex combination of the earthquake magnitude, the distance from the epicenter, and the local geological and geomorphological conditions, which may amplify or reduce wave propagation.[24] The ground-shaking is measured by ground acceleration.

    Floods
    A flood is an overflow of any amount of water that reaches land. Floods occur usually when the volume of water within a body of water, such as a river or lake, exceeds the total capacity of the formation, and as a result some of the water flows or sits outside of the normal perimeter of the body

    Landslides and avalanches


    Earthquakes, along with severe storms, volcanic activity, coastal wave attack, and wildfires, can produce slope instability leading to landslides, a major geological hazard. Landslide danger may persist while emergency personnel are attempting rescue

    Tsunamis are long-wavelength, longperiod sea waves produced by the sudden or abrupt movement of large volumes of water. Most destructive tsunamis are caused by earthquakes of magnitude 7.5 or more

    Preparation
    In order to determine the likelihood of future seismic activity, geologists and other scientists examine the rock of an area to determine if the rock appears to be "strained". Studying the faults of an area to study the buildup time it takes for the fault to build up stress sufficient for an earthquake also serves as an effective prediction technique.

    Measurements of the amount of pressure which collocates on the fault line each year, time passed since the last major temblor, and the energy and power of the last earthquake are made

    List of Earthquakes
    Arequipa Pisco Haiti Italy

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