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BASKETBALL
What is basketball?
Basketball is a game played between two teams of five
players each on a rectangular court, usually indoors.
Each team tries to score by tossing the ball through the
opponent’s goal, an elevated horizontal hoop and net
called a basket.
The Origins of Basketball
Basketball began in 1891, it was invented by James Naismith, as being a less

injury-prone sport than football. He was a 31-year-old graduate student when
he created the sport, keeping players indoors during the winter.
The game became established quite quickly, and it grew very popular into the
20th century. It first became popular in America and then branched out to get
more popularity in other corners of the world.
The Origins of Basketball
As the game became established in colleges first, the professional

game, what we now know as the NBL, soon followed. The NBA then
became established in 1946, and grew into a multibillion-dollar
enterprise before the end of the 20th century, and as a result the sport
became an important part of American culture.
The Invention of Basketball
The game of basketball was invented by James Naismith in 1891 in
Springfield, Massachusetts, to condition athletes during the colder months.
Naismith was a prior physical education instructor at YMCA International
Training School, which is now Springfield College.
The game of basketball was invented by James Naismith in 1891 in
Springfield, Massachusetts, to condition athletes during the colder months.
Naismith was a prior physical education instructor at YMCA International
Training School, which is now Springfield College.
The Invention of Basketball
The objective of his creation was to throw the basketball into the
fruit baskets that were nailed to the lower railing of the gym’s
balcony. Each time a point would be scored, the game had to be
paused so that the janitor could get the ladder to retrieve the ball.
After some time, they finally removed the bottoms of the fruit
baskets, having to retrieve the ball after each score was far from
practical.
The Formation of the FIBA.
In the first decades of this sport, it was growing, but it didn’t really have any real
international organization. It required several petitions by basketball supporters for it to
be included as an Olympic demonstration in 1904. However, this all changed in 1932
when the FIBA came into being. The work of the FIBA on the international game helped
it to become an Olympic sport in 1936, which was then won by the US National Team.
Basketball Positions
A basketball team can have a lot of players, but only five

can play in a game at any one time. Players in a basketball
game have assigned basketball positions: center, power
forward, small forward, point guard, and shooting guard.
Center Power Forward
The center is the tallest player on each team, The power forward does many of the
playing near the basket. On offense, the center things a center does, playing near the
tries to score on close shots and rebound. But basket while rebounding and defending
on defense, the center tries to block taller players. But power forwards also
opponents’ shots and rebound their misses. take longer shots than centers.
Small Forward Point Guard
The small forward plays against small and The point guard runs the offense and
large players. They roam all over on the court. usually is the team’s best dribbler and
Small forwards can score from long shots and passer. The point guard defends the
close ones. opponent’s point guard and tries to steal
the ball.
Shooting Guard
The shooting guard is usually the team’s best
shooter. The shooting guard can make shots
from long distance and also is a good dribbler.
Dr. James Naismith's Original 13 Rules of
Basketball
1. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands.
2. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands (never with the fist).
3. A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on which he catches it, allowance to
be made for a man who catches the ball when running at a good speed if he tries to stop.
4. The ball must be held in or between the hands; the arms or body must not be used for holding it.
5. No shouldering, holding, pushing, tripping, or striking in any way the person of an opponent shall be
allowed; the first infringement of this rule by any player shall count as a foul, the second shall disqualify him
until the next goal is made, or, if there was evident intent to injure the person, for the whole of the game, no
substitute allowed.
6. A foul is striking at the ball with the fist, violation of Rules 3,4, and such as described in Rule 5.
7. If either side makes three consecutive fouls, it shall count a goal for the opponents (consecutive means
without the opponents in the mean time making a foul).
Dr. James Naismith's Original 13 Rules of
Basketball
8. A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the grounds into the basket and stays there,
providing those defending the goal do not touch or disturb the goal. If the ball rests on the edges, and the opponent
moves the basket, it shall count as a goal.
9. When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown into the field of play by the person first touching it. In case
of a dispute, the umpire shall throw it straight into the field. The thrower-in is allowed five seconds; if he holds it
longer, it shall go to the opponent. If any side persists in delaying the game, the umpire shall call a foul on that
side.
10. The umpire shall be judge of the men and shall note the fouls and notify the referee when three consecutive
fouls have been made. He shall have power to disqualify men according to Rule 5.
11. The referee shall be judge of the ball and shall decide when the ball is in play, in bounds, to which side it
belongs, and shall keep the time. He shall decide when a goal has been made, and keep account of the goals with
any other duties that are usually performed by a referee.
12. The time shall be two 15-minute halves, with five minutes' rest between.
13. The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared the winner. In case of a draw, the game may, by
agreement of the captains, be continued until another goal is made.
Basketball Violations
Double Dribble Violation
• Using both hands simultaneously to dribble or
touching the ball twice before it bounces once
Goaltending Violation
• A defensive player is also not allowed to
block or touch the ball when in a downward
Traveling violation
trajectory towards the basket.
• While receiving a ball on the move, a player is
allowed to take a maximum of two steps
before passing, shooting or starting a dribble.
Basically, a player is not allowed to run with
the ball.
Basketball Violations
Shot Clock
• Once a team gains possession of the ball, they are put on a 24-second Shot Clock,
which means they have to throw the ball at the hoop or attempt a valid field goal
before time runs out.
• Failure to do so again results in the possession being turned over to the opposition
team.
Basketball points-scoring system
Three-point shot: Shooting and scoring a field
goal from anywhere outside the three-point
line arc wins the team three points. These are
referred to as three-pointers.
Two-point shot: A field goal which is scored

from inside the area encircled by the three-
point arc in the opposition half is worth two
points. These are called two-pointers.
One-point shot: Points can also be

accumulated through free-throws, which are
worth a point each. Free throws are awarded
to a team when the opposition team fouls.
Court and Equipment
The standard American basketball court is in the shape of a rectangle 50 feet (15.2
metres) by 94 feet (28.7 metres); high school courts may be slightly smaller. There are
various markings on the court, including a centre circle, free throw lanes, and a three-
point line, that help regulate play. A goal, or basket, 18 inches (46 cm) in diameter is
suspended from a backboard at each end of the court. The metal rim of the basket is 10
feet (3 metres) above the floor. In the professional game the backboard is a rectangle, 6
feet (1.8 metres) wide and 3.5 feet (1.1 metres) high, made of a transparent material,
usually glass; it may be 4 feet (1.2 metres) high in college. The international court varies
somewhat in size and markings. The spherical inflated ball measures 29.5 to 30 inches
(74.9 to 76 cm) in circumference and weighs 20 to 22 ounces (567 to 624 grams). Its
covering is leather or composition.

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BASKETBALL

Basketball began in 1891, it was invented by James Naismith, as being a less

As the game became established in colleges first, the professional

A basketball team can have a lot of players, but only five

Two-point shot: A field goal which is scored

One-point shot: Points can also be

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