Lo 1 - Intro

INSTITUTE OF AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY (ITAS) 1
AVIONIC INDUCTION
COURSE
CLASS II
AIRCRAFT ELECTRICAL
www.companyname.com
INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI AEROSPACE
KOLEJ TENTERA UDARA
2
TOPIC
AIRCRAFT
ELECTRICAL
SYSTEM
KOLEJ TENTERA UDARA
3
REVISIO
N
۩ The primary flight control on the aircraft are?
۩ What are the four forces acting upon all aircraft during
flight?

KOLEJ TENTERA UDARA
4
OBJECTIV
1.
E
STATE THE GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR AIRCRAFT ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
2. DESCRIBE THE AIRCRAFT POWER SUPPLY COMPONENTS AND THEIR

FUNCTIONS
3. DESCRIBE THE TYPICAL AIRCRAFT POWER SUPPLY

4. EXPLAIN IN GENERAL THE DISTRIBUTION OF POWER IN AIRCRAFT.

5. EXPLAIN THE AIRCRAFT ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

KOLEJ TENTERA UDARA
5
SCOPE
• LECTURETTE / Q & A
• ENGLISH / MALAY
• POWER POINT / WHITE BOARD
HANDOUTS
 NO HANDOUTS
 TAKING NOTE IS STRONGLY ADVISED
KOLEJ TENTERA UDARA
6
REFERENCE
AC ELECTRICAL
COURSE NOTE

KOLEJ TENTERA UDARA
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8
INTRODUCTION AC SYSTEM
9
Fundamental electrical requirements of a

modern aircraft are:
a. Adequate electrical power supply system

b. Distribution and control of the power
produced by the system
c. Protection of the supplied consumer
equipment

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CATEGORIES OF POWER SUPPLY
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1. Primary electrical power supplies

2. Secondary electrical power supplies
3. Emergency electrical power supplies
4. Auxiliary power unit(APU)
5. Ground power unit (GPU)
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AC Gen DC Gen
GPU
NiCad Batt TRU
DISTRIBUTION & CONTROL OF POWER
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Generated power is achieved by

1. Electrical conductors – wire cable & busbar
2. Controlling power – voltage regulator,relay,
switches & circuit protection device
PROTECTION OF CONSUMER
Malaysian Institute of Aviation Technology
EQUIPMENT
14
15
AnyQuesti
ons?
CONSUMER EQUIPMENT
Training Management Course
Modules
16
Aircraft
engine Fire External
detection Radio
starting & &
& Warning equipment
ignition Internal
system system lighting
Flight
Radar Enviromental instrument Navigational
Systems s instruments
VOLTAGE OF AIRCRAFT
17
Most common voltage

1. 28V DC
2. 26V AC/ 400Hz
3. 115V AC/ 400Hz
4. 200(208)VAC / 400Hz
AC POWER SUPPLY COMPONENTS
18
i. Primary power supply

The main electrical power source of an aircraft.

Can be either an engine driven DC generator for dc supplies or an AC
generator (alternator) for ac supplies.

ii. Secondary electrical power supply
Provided by either a rotary inverter or a static inverter in DC system. -
DC 28 volts DC to 115 v AC

TRU to AC - 115 volts AC to 28 v DC
AC POWER SUPPLY COMPONENTS
19
Emergency supply
Fed by the aircraft’s batteries.
Auxiliary power unit

Fitted to some aircraft. ( APU ) Auxiiliary Powewr Unit

Ground power unit’s
Supply power for engine starting as well as for service and
maintenance.
20
AnyQuesti
ons?
TYPICAL POWER SUPPLY
COMPONENT
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COMPONENT
22
Figure 5
Layout of an
2A1C
COMPONENT
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B. AIRCRAFT POWER
SUPPLY COMPONENTS
1. Primary Power Supply

AC Gen DC Gen either engine driven DC
generator or
AC
generator
2. Secondary Power Supply
either inverter, transformers or
TRU
NiCad Batt TRU
3. Emergency Power Supply
aircraft’s batteries
COMPONENT
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 Subdivided into 2
systems:-
DC Power • Static conversion system
•TRU – AC to DC
• Battery
• . 24 Volts DC
COMPONENT
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Constant Speed Drives
Each IDG is mechanically driven by constant speed drive(CSD)
CSD provides a constant rotation speed of

the generator
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COMPONENT
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Generator Control Unit
4 Functions:
1. Regulates the voltage.
2. Limits any fault currents and power.
3. Provides other fault protection.
4. Assists in distribution of the electrical load. 27
27
AnyQuesti
ons?
POWER DISTRIBUTION
28
The way how electrical power produced by the generators, TRUs,

APU, GPUs and/or batteries is distributed to the consumers
depends Upon:
1. General layout of the aircraft’s electrical system

2. Number of consumers to be supplied during normal operation.
AIRCRAFT
POWER DISTRIBUTION ELECTRICS
29
Location
Busbars Circuit breaker panels,

junction boxes and
distribution boards.
Function
Provide a convenient
method for supplying the
various consumers of
thick metal strips,
low impedance conductors the electrical system
with the generated
power.
POWER DISTRIBUTION
30
CIRCUIT BREAKER
Designed to pop to prevent too much
power from flowing into and
overheating a shorted circuit. But in
many airplanes, a CB also functions as
an on-off switch. …... If too much
current flows through the breaker, the
conductor heats up and expands, which
is what pops the breaker.
Figure 8 Typical Circuit Breaker Panel

POWER DISTRIBUTION
31
Split Busbars
By splitting busbars
and distribution
circuits into sections
the power can be
fed in from different
sources.
Figure 9 Split-Busbar System

CONSUMER SERVICE
32
Required emergency situation , directly

1. VITAL connection to battery
2. Safe flight emergency situation, supply

ESSENTIAL alternative power if primary power fail.
Connect both Ac &Dc busbar
3. NON Isolated(cut off) during flight

ESSENTIAL emergency .
POWER DISTRIBUTION
33
WIRE AND CABLES

must be manufactured to meet the specific requirements under various
environmental conditions.
CONNECTORS
Two main methods of connection:
1. Cable connections at junction boxes and terminal blocks are of a
more permanentnature
2. The connections are made by some form of plug and socket.
OBJECTIV
1.
E
STATE THE GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR AIRCRAFT ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
2. DESCRIBE THE AIRCRAFT POWER SUPPLY COMPONENTS AND THEIR

FUNCTIONS
3. DESCRIBE THE TYPICAL AIRCRAFT POWER SUPPLY

4. EXPLAIN IN GENERAL THE DISTRIBUTION OF POWER IN AIRCRAFT.

5. EXPLAIN THE AIRCRAFT ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

KOLEJ TENTERA UDARA
34
DC SYSTEM 35
36
KOLEJ TENTERA UDARA
37

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INSTITUTE OF AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY (ITAS) 1

INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI AEROSPACE

2. DESCRIBE THE AIRCRAFT POWER SUPPLY COMPONENTS AND THEIR

3. DESCRIBE THE TYPICAL AIRCRAFT POWER SUPPLY

INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI AEROSPACE

INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI AEROSPACE

Fundamental electrical requirements of a

a. Adequate electrical power supply system

1. Primary electrical power supplies

Generated power is achieved by

Most common voltage

i. Primary power supply

Auxiliary power unit

1. Primary Power Supply

Constant Speed Drives

Each IDG is mechanically driven by constant speed drive(CSD)

CSD provides a constant rotation speed of

Generator Control Unit

The way how electrical power produced by the generators, TRUs,

1. General layout of the aircraft’s electrical system

Busbars Circuit breaker panels,

Figure 8 Typical Circuit Breaker Panel

Figure 9 Split-Busbar System

Required emergency situation , directly

2. Safe flight emergency situation, supply

3. NON Isolated(cut off) during flight

WIRE AND CABLES

2. DESCRIBE THE AIRCRAFT POWER SUPPLY COMPONENTS AND THEIR

3. DESCRIBE THE TYPICAL AIRCRAFT POWER SUPPLY

INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI AEROSPACE

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