Cambridge ICT Year 8 Topic 1 Slides

Title: Network Communication
and Mobile OS
Cambridge University Press: Click Start INTERNATIONAL
EDITION (Learner’s Book 7)
AISHAH AB
12 September 2023
Objectives
Learning Objectives:
1. Understand the basics of network communication.
2. Explore the role of Mobile Operating Systems.
3. Discuss the impact of mobile technology on our lives.
What is Computer Network? (Page 1)
• Computer Network involves the exchange of data between two or
more devices through a network.
• E.g.: Computer linked to a printer using a cable
• Linked through cables, telephone lines, radio waves, satelites, infrared.
Advantages of a Computer Network? (2)
1. Centralised software management:
Software can be loaded on the main computer, the file server. This
eliminates the need to spend time and energy in installing, updating and
tracking files on independent computers throughout the same building.
2. Resource sharing:
Resources such as printers, fax machines, scanners and modems can be
shared by commecting them on a network. This saves space and is also
cheap.
3. Speed
Files can be sent and received quickly using a computer network. This
method saves time, and is more convenient than manual delivery of
data.
4. Cost efficient
Individually licensed copies of many popular software programs can be
costly. Storing the software on a file server and making it available to
other computers connected to it saves money.
5. Security
Sensitive files and programs on a network are protected by passwords.
They can be made available as read only files, which helps to avoid
copying of programs.
Disadvantages of a Computer Network?
(2)
1. When the server develops a fault, users may not be able to run the
application programs and chances of data loss increase.
2. If the network stops operating, computers connected to the network cannot
access the data/ files stored on the network, which affects the entire system.
3. As traffic increases on a network, the performance degrades unless it is
designed properly.
4. It becomes difficult to manage when a large number of computers are
connected to a network.
5. If the server is hacked or attacked by a virus, the security of data of all
connected computers is at risk.
Basic Components of a Network (3)
1. Server
2. Workstation
3. Network interface card
4. Hub
5. Transmission channels
Types of Network (4)
1. Personal Area Network (PAN)
2. Local Area Network (LAN)
3. Wide Area Network (WAN)
4. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
Client Server (5)
Definition
Specific type of network which consists of a single powerful computer acting as a
server, usually connected to multiple computers called clients.
Advantages Disadvantages
The centralized handling of data provides It runs the risk of system overload. If too
increased security. For example, many different clients attempt to reach a
password protection which ensures that shared network at the same time, there
the data is only available to qualified may be a failure or slowing down of the
individuals. connection.
Peer to Peer Architecture (6)
Definition
Peer-to-peer architecture is a type of network in which each workstation has
equivalent capabilities and responsibilities.
It supports distributed processing, so the It does not support centrally managed
increased load does not affect the system security, nor does it provide data backup.
overall.
Network Topology (7)
1. Bus
2. Star
3. Ring
Bus Topology
A bus topology is made up of a main single cable with terminators at both ends. It is
shared communication medium that makes the backbone of the system. Computers
and other devices including the server are connected to this linear cable for
communication.
Easy to install If the backbone cable fails, the entire
Does not require much cabling, so it is network stops working.
very cost effective In the case of an entire network shut-
down, it becomes very difficult to locate
the problem area.
Star Topology
Star topology is the most commonly used topology. In such a setup all the
workstations are connected to a central connection point called a hub. Any data that
is sent first goes to the central hub and is redirected from there to the destination
computer.
It is easy to add and remove workstations It requires more cable length.
by upgrading the hub. Failure in the central hub will break down
Easy to install. the entire network.
Ring Topology
In ring topology, every workstation has two neighbours for communication purposes.
All messages travel through a ring in the same direction either clockwise or
anticlockwise.
Easier to detect faults in the network. A failure in any cable or device breaks the
Fewer cable wires are required. loop, leading to breakdown of the entire
network.
Adding or removing a device/
workstation requires rewiring and re-
routing all the existing cables.
Types of Transmission Channels (8)
1. Wired
a) Coaxial Cable
b) Twisted pair cable
c) Fibre-optic
2. Wireless
a) Radio waves
b) Infrared
c) Microwave
d) Bluetooth
Mobile Operating Systems (11)
Mobile OS Desktop OS
Mobile phones are compact computers with limited Designed with computers in mind by providing
power, processing speed and memory. environment that helps different application software
to function better, with a wide range of connected
hardware.
In-built keyboard Support multiple users sharing a network.
Small battery size, designed simpler to work with More complex
limited power
Mobile Operating Systems (11)
Types of Mobile OS:
1. Android OS
2. iOS
3. BlackBerry OS
4. webOS
Mobile Application Development (12)
• Set of instructions written to develop applications for smartphones
and mobile devices.

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Title: Network Communication

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