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  • A MECH 101 7 (Kinetics)

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    This document discusses dynamics, which is concerned with the relationship between force and motion. It provides definitions and equations of motion for accelerating bodies, including Newton's second law that the acceleration of a body is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. Examples are given of applying these dynamics concepts and equations of motion to situations like lifts/elevators accelerating up and down, bodies connected by ropes over pulleys, and objects on inclined planes.

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    This document discusses dynamics, which is concerned with the relationship between force and motion. It provides definitions and equations of motion for accelerating bodies, including Newton's second law that the acceleration of a body is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. Examples are given of applying these dynamics concepts and equations of motion to situations like lifts/elevators accelerating up and down, bodies connected by ropes over pulleys, and objects on inclined planes.

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    5 views22 pages

    A MECH 101 7 (Kinetics)

    Uploaded by

    teddiengadze
    This document discusses dynamics, which is concerned with the relationship between force and motion. It provides definitions and equations of motion for accelerating bodies, including Newton's second law that the acceleration of a body is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. Examples are given of applying these dynamics concepts and equations of motion to situations like lifts/elevators accelerating up and down, bodies connected by ropes over pulleys, and objects on inclined planes.

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    of 22

    8.

    DYNAMICS
    Definition: Concerned with relationship
    between force and motion

    When things do move in response to forces, we


    have what we call dynamics. Then there is an
    acceleration.

    Write the equation of motion for an accelerating


    body.

    •Draw the free-body and kinetic diagrams for an


    accelerating body.
    A resultant external force F acting on a
    body will accelerate that body in the
    direction of F, with acceleration
    a = F/m
    Acceleration is the second time rate of
    change of position, also the first time rate
    of change of velocity; acceleration is to
    velocity what velocity is to position.
    Newton’s second law can be written in mathematical
    form as
    F = ma.
    The equation of motion for a system of n-particles can
    be written as
    Fi =  miai = maG
    where aG indicates acceleration of the center of mass of
    the system
    The motion of a particle is governed by Newton’s second
    law, relating the unbalanced forces on a particle to its
    acceleration. If more than one force acts on the particle,
    the equation of motion can be written
    F = FR = ma
    y W = mg
    T The weight force (W) acts through the
    crate’s center of mass. T is the tension force
    x 30°
    in the cable. The normal force (N) is
    perpendicular to the surface. The friction
    F = uKN force (F = uKN) acts in a direction opposite
    N to the motion of the crate.

    The crate will be pulled to the right. The


    acceleration vector can be directed to the right
    ma if the truck is speeding up or to the left if it is
    slowing down.
    Examples
    Let,
    W = Weight carried by the lift
    m = Mass carried by lift = W/g
    a = Uniform acceleration
    T = Tension in cable supporting the lift, also called
    Reaction of the lift
    For UP MOTION
    Net force in upward direction = T-W
    Also Net Force = m.a
    i.e. T-W = m.a ...(i)
    For DOWN MOTION
    Net force = W – T
    Also Net Force = m.a
    i.e. W – T = m.a ...(ii)
    The motion of an object depends on the forces
    acting on it
    An elevator cage of a mineshaft, weighing 8KN
    when, is lifted or lowered by means of a wire
    rope. Once a man weighing 600N, entered it and
    lowered with uniform acceleration such that
    when a distance of 187.5m was covered, the velocity
    of cage was 25m/sec. Determine the
    tension in the rope and the force exerted by the
    man on the floor of the cage.

    (F = 714.37N)
    Two bodies weighing 300N and 450N
    are hung to the two ends of a rope
    passing over an ideal
    pulley as shown in fig (11.14). With
    what acceleration will the heavier
    body come down? What is the
    tension in the string?
    Analyse the motion of two bodies connected by a string
    one of which is hanging free and other
    lying on a smooth inclined plane.
    Thank You

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