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    Sentence and Clause

    Uploaded by

    WahYou Ihsuan
    The document discusses syntactic structure and sentence components. It defines syntactic structure as the rules for using words, phrases, clauses, and punctuation to form sentences. It then reviews basic structure terminology like parts of speech, functions, and sentences. It provides examples of what constitutes a sentence and identifies the basic components of subject, verb, and object. The document also distinguishes between dependent and independent clauses.

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    Sentence and Clause

    Uploaded by

    WahYou Ihsuan
    20 views19 pages
    The document discusses syntactic structure and sentence components. It defines syntactic structure as the rules for using words, phrases, clauses, and punctuation to form sentences. It then reviews basic structure terminology like parts of speech, functions, and sentences. It provides examples of what constitutes a sentence and identifies the basic components of subject, verb, and object. The document also distinguishes between dependent and independent clauses.

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    The document discusses syntactic structure and sentence components. It defines syntactic structure as the rules for using words, phrases, clauses, and punctuation to form sentences. It then reviews basic structure terminology like parts of speech, functions, and sentences. It provides examples of what constitutes a sentence and identifies the basic components of subject, verb, and object. The document also distinguishes between dependent and independent clauses.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    20 views19 pages

    Sentence and Clause

    Uploaded by

    WahYou Ihsuan
    The document discusses syntactic structure and sentence components. It defines syntactic structure as the rules for using words, phrases, clauses, and punctuation to form sentences. It then reviews basic structure terminology like parts of speech, functions, and sentences. It provides examples of what constitutes a sentence and identifies the basic components of subject, verb, and object. The document also distinguishes between dependent and independent clauses.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 19

    SENTENCE AND CLAUSE

    The study of clauses and sentences


    is a Syntactic Structure
    (Noam Chomsky, 1957)

    7 Dec 1928

    A scientist of
    SYNTAX
    Syntactic Structure is………

    Structure that states the rules for


    using words, phrases, clauses and
    punctuation, specifically to form
    sentences.
    Basic Structure Terminology
    To get started, here is a basic review of structure
    terminology.

    Part of Speech Function Sentences


    Verb action or state Peter ate dinner.

    Noun thing or person The dog barks at him

    Adjective describes a noun The hungry cat watched


    the grey mouse

    Adverb describes a verb, The man did the job


    adjective or adverb perfectly.
    Part of Speech Function or "job" Example
    Pronoun replaces a noun He ate dinner.

    Preposition links a noun to I gave a carrot to the


    another word rabbit.

    Conjunction joins clauses or She read the paper while


    words he listened to the radio.
    What Makes a Sentence?
    A Sentence is

    A group of word that has


    a subject and predicate.
    A sentence is ended with
    a full stop.
    This is a sentence
    1

    dinner
    Peter ate dinner.
    Subject Verb Object
    This is also a sentence
    2

    Peter is happy.
    Subject Verb Complement
    This is also a sentence
    3

    Peter was in the kitchen.


    Subject Verb Adverbial
    Sentence Components

    So, we can symbolize the basic components of a


    sentence in the following way:

    S+V+ O

    C
    A
    Is this a sentence?
    Peter ate dinner while he watched TV.

    Let’s take a look at the components of this new


    sentence.
    Verb

    Subject

    Peter ate dinner while he watched TV.

    Object

    We have the original subject Peter with its verb ate


    and its object dinner.

    But the sentence continues with a second subject,


    this time he, a second verb, watched, and a second
    object, TV.
    Peter ate dinner while he watched TV.
    1 2
    1
    This sentence is composed of two clauses.
    Dependent and
    Independent Clauses
    A dependent clause is
    a group of words that also contains a subject
    and a verb, but it is not a complete thought

    Ex:
     Because I woke up late this morning
     When we arrived in class

     If my neighbor does not pay his rent on time


    An independent clause is

    A group of words that can stand on its own as a


    sentence: it has a subject, a verb, and is a
    complete thought.
    Ex:
     The instructor spent the class period reviewing the
    difference between independent and dependent
    clauses.
     The paper does not specify which type of format it
    must be in
     I was late to work.

     He ran fast.
    1. unless it come today
    2. although I lost the library book
    E
    X 3. they're going on a picnic
    E
    R 4. when Mr. Jones yelled
    C
    I 5. I enjoy the opera
    S
    E 6. mom found it in the drawer
    S
    7. the fifth graders sang

    8. when the movie is over

    9. I decided to go along

    10. the strength of the man might


    disappear
    11. we're planning to have a party

    12. when I finished reading


    1. The doctor told Charlie 1. when you go to sleep.
    2. I can't go to the movies 2. to lose weight and exercise
    3. I have decided to go. vigorously for forty-five minutes
    a day
    4. I will stop playing the drums 3. if you want to succeed in life
    5. You will probably want to 4. As she was very hungry
    prepare the references needed 5. While the car is being fixed
    6. It isn't necessary to cram 6. Since I don’t have any money
    all night 7. If you have studied a little each
    7. We will need to take the day
    bus 8. Whether he attends the party
    or not
    8. Arifa quickly ate her lunch
    9. Before you begin studying for
    9. You must work hard the exam

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