Get To Know All The Basics of English!

Get to know all the basics
of English!
Fibonacci Academy
2024
The Fundamental of Reading
Reading is not effortless task, but a complex cognitive process which is highly
visual that involves transmission of messages. So that, the reader can locate the
main ideas, summarize, paraphrase, note details, etc.
Introduction to subject and predicate
● Every complete sentence contains two parts: a subject and a predicate.
● The subject is what (or whom) the sentence is about.
● The predicate tells something about the subject. It contains the verb in the sentence.
For Example :
● Seeta is sleeping in the sun, The word Seeta is a name that identified as a Noun, and so, it is the subject.
As stated, the remaining part will be the predicate. So ‘sleeping in the sun’ is the Predicate, as it is telling
us what action is being carried out.
● He reads. The Subject is he, and the Predicate is reads.
● Suman’s sisters are going to the pool. This sentence is actually about Suman’s sisters; they are the subject.
The Predicate is “going to the pool” because it shows what the sisters are doing.
Most of the time, the subject comes before or at the starting of the sentence but not always. This is where people
mainly make mistakes. The Subject has to be associated with the noun and Predicate with the verb that the noun
is performing.
Types of Subject and Predicate
Categorising subjects and predicates can be distinguished by simple or complicated. Let’s see the difference separately!
Simple Subjects; subjects with only one performer are known as simple subjects. It makes no difference what the subject
is doing, all that matters is that there is only one.
For example; Kaisen went to Tokyo metropolitan highschool
Simple Predicate: when the subject just accomplishes one thing, this is a simple predicate (or is only one thing). This
usually indicates that there is only one verb.
For Example: The kitten sat on the table.

Types of Subject and Predicate
Categorising subjects and predicates can be distinguished by simple or complicated. Let’s see the difference separately!
Compound Subjects; two or more individuals and things are involved in the compound subjects.
For example; The children’s books and backpacks went missing.
Compound Predicates: Similarly, when we talk about compound predicates, we consider multiple, but multiple is a verb
or action. In this, the subject performs two actions at a time, so it becomes a compound predicate.
For example: My sister had water and put the salt on the table
Let’s identify this sentence!
Identify Subjects and Predicates :
1. The teacher gave her students homework.
2. She painted her bedroom black and blue.
3. Sudhir won a trophy in the sports competition
4. The bank opened at noon.
5. The cat stretched.

Understanding Noun and Pronoun
A noun is what we call the word that names something or someone. A noun may be a person, a thing or a place. Nouns can play
many roles within a sentence. A pronoun is a subcategory of nouns.
Nouns make up a lot of the English language. There are also many different types.
These are all nouns:
My father
Your aunty
The Queen
Elvis Presley
The following places are also nouns:

My house
Mount Everest
The bathroom
Nouns can also be things. That includes imaginary items, concepts, activities, and other objects.
Tap
Football
Table
Freedom
Common Nouns
Generic (common) nouns can be put into three categories. These are collective nouns, abstract nouns and
concrete nouns.
A collective noun is a collection or a group.
Examples of a collective noun:

A murder of crows.
A wild pack of dogs.
A concrete noun is something physical, or real.

Examples of concrete nouns:
I have a cup of coffee.
I heard some music.
An abstracts noun is something we cannot perceive.

He had shown the bravery
They had a lot of compassion.
Nouns as subjects
All sentences have a subject. The subject is always a noun—a person, thing, or a place that is being or doing the verb.
Examples of nouns as subjects:
Edward felt excited.
Louise was happy.
Edward and Louise are the subjects in each of their sentences.
Plural nouns
A plural noun differs from a collection or group.
Examples of plural nouns:
Singular: A dog
Plural: The dogs
Singular: A car
Plural: The cars.
Singular: A tax
Plural: The taxes
Possessive nouns
A possessive noun is a noun that possesses something. You will see a possessive noun as it has an apostrophe.
It was Joshua’s ball.
I went to Ella’s house for dinner.
When there is a plural noun that ends in s, the apostrophe is moved.
My nephews’ first suit was expensive.
Nouns as objects
A noun can be an object in a sentence.
Examples of a noun asana object:
Give the shoes to them.
Pass the books to her.

What is a pronoun?
A pronoun’s distinguishing feature is that within a sentence, you can replace it. A pronoun is a word that
replaces a noun to avoid repetition.
Robert decided to sleep. Robert has always enjoyed taking long naps.
Robert decided to sleep. He has always enjoyed taking long naps.
Robert decided to sleep. My brother has always enjoyed taking long naps.
In this case, the second Robert is replaced with ‘he’ and ‘my brother’. The change of pronoun stops the
sentence from getting boring.
Personal Pronouns
Personal pronouns are:
They, Them, We, You, Me, I, Her, She, He, and Him
Indefinite pronouns
For some occasions, you will not need to name a person or an object. In this case, you can refer to them with an indefinite pronoun.
Examples of indefinite pronouns:
Other, anybody, no one, none, some, everybody, one
Example use of indefinite pronouns:
The traffic jam meant that everyone was late.
In this case, the indefinite pronoun used is everybody.
No one else knows I have mismatched socks on.
In this case, the indefinite pronoun used is no one.

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Get to know all the basics

For example; Kaisen went to Tokyo metropolitan highschool

For Example: The kitten sat on the table.

For example; The children’s books and backpacks went missing.

Identify Subjects and Predicates :

1. The teacher gave her students homework.

2. She painted her bedroom black and blue.

3. Sudhir won a trophy in the sports competition

4. The bank opened at noon.

5. The cat stretched.

The following places are also nouns:

Examples of a collective noun:

A concrete noun is something physical, or real.

An abstracts noun is something we cannot perceive.

Plural: The dogs

Plural: The cars.

It was Joshua’s ball.

I went to Ella’s house for dinner.

When there is a plural noun that ends in s, the apostrophe is moved.

My nephews’ first suit was expensive.

Examples of a noun asana object:

Give the shoes to them.

Pass the books to her.

Examples of indefinite pronouns:

Other, anybody, no one, none, some, everybody, one

Example use of indefinite pronouns:

The traffic jam meant that everyone was late.

In this case, the indefinite pronoun used is everybody.

No one else knows I have mismatched socks on.

In this case, the indefinite pronoun used is no one.

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