Obesity
Obesity
Obesity
DISEASES
DR TESSY MATHEW
Introduction:
• Obesity is defined by the World Health
Organization (WHO) as “abnormal or excessive
fat accumulation that presents a risk to
health".
• Obesity causes significant health, economic
and social burdens every year.
• Obesity is when a person is carrying too much
body fat for their height and sex. A person is
considered obese if they have a body mass
index (BMI) of 30 or greater.
Prevalance
As per July 2019
Facts:
• At least 2.8 million people die
each year as a result of being
overweight or obese.
This means that the calories they eat are not getting burnt off
OBESITY
Increased fatty acids
Increases hepatic
DIABETES Insulin resistance triglyceride synthesis &
production of VLDL
Loss of
vasodilatory effect
of insulin hypercholesterolemia
Preserved sodium
reabsorption
HYPERTENSI
ON
DIABETES MELTUS (DM)
• Obesity causes stress in a system of cellular
membranes called endoplasmic reticulum
(ER), which in turn causes the ER to suppress
the signals of insulin receptors, which then
leads to insulin resistance
NON ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE
(NAFLD)
• Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refers
to a group of conditions where there is
accumulation of excess fat in the liver of
people who drink little or no alcohol
CANCER
SOCIAL STIGMATIZATION
• Social stigma is the extreme disapproval of a
person or group on socially characteristic
grounds that are perceived, and serve to
distinguish them, from other members of
a society
SLEEP APNEA
• Sleep apnea is a potentially serious sleep
disorder in which breathing stops for 10
seconds or more and starts
• In obesity, it is associated with soft tissue of
the mouth and throat. During sleep, when
throat and tongue muscles are more relaxed,
this soft tissue occlude the airway to become
blocked.
Normal airway Obstructive sleep apnea
Air Air