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Why Do We Fall Ill

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WHY DO WE

FALL ILL
Health
A state of being well
socially,
economically,
physically, mentally
is called Health.
 Thehealth of all
organisms depends
on their
surroundings or
environment.
Disease
 In a single word it means being uncomfortable. In broader sense disease
means illness or sickness characterized by specific signs and
symptoms.
Ex: Respiratory disease, Stroke, Alzheimer’s Disease, Diabetes,
Influenza, and Kidney Disease

* The study of the causes


and effects of disease or
injury is called pathology.
Types of Diseases
Acute Diseases and Chronic Diseases
Infectious and Non-Infectious Diseases
*The disease that is transferred from one
diseased person to healthy person is called
Infectious diseases.
Ex: Cholera, Diphtheria, Dysentery,
Pneumonia, and Tuberculosis.
*The disease that is not transmitted from a
diseased person to healthy person is called
Non Infectious Disease.
Ex: Diabetes, Alzheimer's, Cancer,
Osteoporosis, Chronic lung disease, Stroke,
and Heart disease.
Some Common diseases caused by
Infectious Agents

Virus: Bacteria:
Common cold, Influenza, Dengue Typhoid, Cholera, Tuberculosis,
fever, Polio myelitis, Hepatitis, etc. Anthrax, Acne, etc.
Protozoans:
Malaria, Kala-azar,
Amoebic dysentery,
Sleeping sickness, etc.

Worm:
Elephantiasis, Intestinal
worm infections, etc.

Fungi:
Many common skin
infections like athlete’s
foot, etc.
Spreading of Diseases
Airborne Disease Foodborne Disease
Common cold, Food Poisoning,
Tuberculosis, etc. Typhoid, etc.
Waterborne Disease Lifestyle Disease
Cholera, Amoebiasis, Heart Disease,
etc. Diabetes, etc.

Vector borne Disease Sexually transmitted


Malaria, Dengue Disease
Fever, etc. AIDS, Syphilis, etc.
METHODS OF TREATMENT

To reduce the effect of To kill the


the disease or reduce infectious or
the symptoms. causative agent.

○ The biological substance that block the


growth of bacteria is called antibiotic.

Eg: Penicillin, Cephalosporins, Tetracyclines


and Aminoglycosides
Principles of Prevention:
“Prevention is better than cure”

METHODS OF PREVENTION

Preventing expose Strengthening


to infectious the immune
agents. system.
Preventing expose to infectious
agents:
Strengthening the immune system:

 Theforeign substance or germs that enter our


body and cause disease are called antigen.
 Theimmune system recognizes the antigen and
produces antibodies to kill or neutralize antigens.
 Theability of a body to resist a disease with the
help of antibodies is called immunity.
 Byvaccination the immune system can be
strengthened.

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