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Introduction To Computer Vision

Computer vision is a field that enables machines to interpret visual data like images and videos. It combines techniques from computer science, engineering, and math. Key techniques include image preprocessing, feature extraction, classification, object detection, depth estimation, and 3D reconstruction. Computer vision powers applications like autonomous vehicles, medical imaging, and industrial automation.

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Shivani Paswan
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47 views

Introduction To Computer Vision

Computer vision is a field that enables machines to interpret visual data like images and videos. It combines techniques from computer science, engineering, and math. Key techniques include image preprocessing, feature extraction, classification, object detection, depth estimation, and 3D reconstruction. Computer vision powers applications like autonomous vehicles, medical imaging, and industrial automation.

Uploaded by

Shivani Paswan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to

Computer Vision
Computer vision is a rapidly advancing field that enables machines to interpret
and understand the visual world. It combines techniques from computer science,
mathematics, and engineering to create systems that can perceive, analyze, and
make decisions based on digital images and videos.

by Shivani Paswan
Image Acquisition and Preprocessing
Sensors Preprocessing Calibration
Digital cameras, scanners, and Techniques like noise reduction, Careful calibration of imaging
specialized imaging devices color correction, and image hardware ensures consistent and
capture raw visual data for resizing prepare the data for accurate measurements for
computer vision tasks. further analysis. downstream processing.
Feature Extraction and
Representation
Extract visual features such as edges, textures, shapes, and colors from
images using advanced algorithms like convolutional neural networks
(CNNs).

Represent these features in a compact, meaningful, and discriminative way


to enable efficient image classification, recognition, and understanding.

Employ unsupervised learning techniques like principal component


analysis (PCA) and autoencoders to learn low-dimensional feature
representations from high-dimensional visual data.
Image Classification and Recognition
Feature Extraction 1
Identifying and extracting meaningful visual
features from images, such as edges, textures,
shapes, and colors, is a key step in 2 Model Training
classification and recognition tasks. Machine learning models are trained on large
datasets of labeled images to learn the
patterns and associations between visual
features and target classes or objects.
Classification Algorithms 3
Sophisticated classification algorithms, such
as convolutional neural networks, are used to
analyze the extracted features and assign
images to the appropriate categories or
identify specific objects.
Object Detection and
Segmentation
Object detection and segmentation are fundamental computer vision tasks that
enable machines to identify and isolate different objects within an image or video
frame. These techniques are crucial for applications like autonomous driving,
security, and robotic vision.

Advanced deep learning models can accurately detect and segment a wide range
of objects, from vehicles and pedestrians to building structures and street
furniture, providing valuable information for scene understanding and scene
analysis.
Depth Estimation and 3D Reconstruction

Computer vision techniques can estimate the depth and


3D structure of scenes from 2D images. This allows for
the creation of 3D models and enables applications like
virtual reality, augmented reality, and autonomous
navigation.

Key techniques include stereo vision, structured light,


time-of-flight, and deep learning-based methods. These
approaches analyze visual cues like binocular disparity,
shading, and object size to infer the 3D layout.
Applications of Computer Vision

Medical Imaging Autonomous Surveillance and Industrial


Vehicles Security Automation
Computer vision
techniques are used to Computer vision powers Computer vision Computer vision guides
analyze medical scans, the perception and algorithms are deployed robotic systems in
detect anomalies, and navigation systems in in surveillance systems to manufacturing, enabling
assist in diagnosis and self-driving cars, enabling identify individuals, precise control, quality
treatment planning. them to detect obstacles, detect suspicious activity, inspection, and
read signs, and make safe and enhance public optimization of
driving decisions. safety. production processes.
Challenges and Future Directions
Technical Ethical Integrating with Computational
Obstacles Considerations AI Efficiency

Computer vision As computer vision Combining computer Improving the speed


systems still struggle becomes more vision with other AI and energy-efficiency of
with complex scenarios, advanced, concerns technologies, like computer vision
like varying lighting, around privacy, bias, natural language algorithms is essential
occlusion, and noisy and accountability must processing and for deployment on
data. Overcoming these be carefully addressed reinforcement learning, mobile devices and
technical hurdles is to ensure equitable and will unlock even more embedded systems.
critical for reliable real- responsible powerful and versatile
world applications. development. applications.
Examples

Innovative Enabling Emerging Research Frontiers


Applications Technologies Challenges
Computer vision is Advancements in deep Challenges remain in Cutting-edge research
enabling innovative learning, high- areas like robust object explores topics like few-
applications across performance computing, detection, scene shot learning,
industries, from self- and sensor technologies understanding, and unsupervised
driving cars to medical are driving rapid progress handling variations in representation learning,
image analysis and facial in computer vision lighting, occlusion, and and integrating vision
recognition. capabilities. viewpoint. with other modalities.
Conclusion
In conclusion, computer vision is a rapidly evolving field that has transformed
the way we interact with and understand the world around us. From image
recognition to object detection and 3D reconstruction, the applications of
computer vision are vast and exciting. As technology continues to advance, we
can expect to see even more innovative breakthroughs in this field,
paving the way for a future where computers see and understand the world as we
do
.

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