KABASALAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY HIGH SCHOOL

Kabasalan, Zamboanga Sibugay

STATISTICS & PROBA.

Project 4th Quarter
EASIER
Efficient and Lesson: EXPLORING TEST OF
Accessible
HYPOTHESIS
School
Innovation of Prepared by
E-teaching RODRIGO M. FAUSTORILLA JR.
Resources
KABASALAN SCIENCE AND
Teacher II
TECHNOLOGY HIGH
SCHOOL
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MELC/LC:

Identifies the parameter to be tested given a real life

problem

Learning Competency 3: Formulates the appropraite

null and alternative hypotheses on a population mean

MELC/LC Code: (M11/12SP-IVb-1) Week 2

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LESSON 2: EXPLORING TESTING HYPOTHESIS

After learning some basic concepts involved in hypothesis

testing, you now ready to learn the parameters involve in the
process. It is very important because this will guide you on
selecting the appropriate steps and formula to be used
during the test. Real-life problems will be given and be used
to determine the parameter to be tested.
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Parameter is a number that summarizes some aspect of the

population as a whole. Examples are population mean and
the population variance. On the other hand, statistics is a
value computed from the samples. Examples are sample
mean and sample variance. Hypothesis is a claim about the
parameter like the population mean 𝜇 or the population
proportion 𝑝. The examples in this lesson will use claims
about the population mean 𝜇.
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z-Test on the Comparison Between the Population Mean

and Sample Mean

Decision making is part of our daily lives. We are given

different options. This situation is the same as in testing
hypothesis. Options can be treated as hypothesis. It is like
the process of selecting which of these options is the best
solution to our problem. There are steps to follow to come
up with the solution. Now, we will learn these steps. The first
step in hypothesis testing is the formulation of the null and
alternative hypotheses.
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z-test on the comparison between the population

mean 𝜇 and sample mean 𝑥̅ is used when the
population mean 𝜇 and the population standard
deviation 𝜎 are known, and 𝜇 is compared to a
sample mean 𝑥̅.
It is also important to identify the parameters or
statistics involve in the problem to determine the
appropriate formula.
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Example 1. Read and understand the problems below. Determine the

values of the parameters, statistics and sample size involved and
formulate the null and alternative hypotheses.

A manufacturer of ethyl alcohol has developed a new packaging design.

He claims that the new packaging design has an average reduction of
production expenses of Php 5.00 per bottle with a standard deviation of
Php 2.00. A manager of one of their satellite production branch claims
that the 200 samples of this new packaging design has an average
reduction of production expenses of Php 3.00. Test the difference of the
population and sample means at 0.05 level of significance.
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Solution:
Given: sample size 𝑛 = 200
Parameter: population mean 𝜇0 = 5 population standard deviation 𝜎 = 2
Statistic: sample mean 𝑥̅ = 5
Formulation of null and alternative hypotheses.
𝐻0: The average reduction of production expenses of the new packaging
design of ethyl alcohol is Php 5.00.
In symbol, 𝐻0: 𝜇 = 5
𝐻1: The average reduction of production expenses of the new packaging
design of ethyl alcohol is less than Php 5.00.
In symbol, 𝐻1:𝜇 < 5
(We used less than in 𝐻1 because the sample average is Php3.00 which is
less than the population average Php5.00)
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Example 2.

A manufacturer of face mask has developed a new face

mask design. He claims that the new design has an average
profit increase of 10% with a standard deviation of 3%. Test
the hypothesis that the new face mask design average profit
increase of is not 10% if a random sample of 50 face mask
is tested with an average profit increase of 4%. Use 10%
level of significance.
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Solution:
Given: sample size 𝑛 = 50
Parameter: population mean 𝜇0 = 10 population standard deviation 𝜎 = 3
Statistic: sample mean 𝑥̅ = 4
Step 1. Formulation of null and alternative hypotheses.
𝐻0: The average profit increase of the new face mask design is 10%.
In symbol, 𝐻0:𝜇 = 10%
𝐻1: The average profit increase of the new face mask design is not 10%.
In symbol, 𝐻1:𝜇 ≠ 10%
(We used not equal because it was indicated in the problem.)
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ACTIVITY 1: Read and understand the given statements below. Determine the
position of the rejection region either left side, right side, or between the
acceptance region. Write your answer on the blank after the given.

1. In 2015, it was recorded that around 34% of the population in 2015 were not
married. A researcher surveyed a random sample of 500 couples. He found out
that 18% of them were living together but unmarried. Test at 5% significance
level that the current percentage of unmarried couples is different from 34%.
2. 2. An average construction worker hourly rate pay in the Philippines is Php
62.50 with a standard deviation of Php 6.01. A random sample of 20
manufacturing workers were asked on their hourly rate and found out that
they had an average of Php 50 hourly rate pay with a standard deviation of Php
5.00. Construct a 90% confidence interval that the average hourly rate for
construction workers is higher than the average hourly rate for manufacturing
workers.
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3. A chemist invented an additive to increase the lifespan of

rechargeable battery. The said additive will extend on average the
battery’s lifespan to 48 months. Test the hypothesis at 0.01% level of
significance that the average lifespan is higher than 48 months.

4. The average number of years to finish basic education is 14. A

sample of 30 senior high school students were asked and found out
that the mean number of years to finish their basic education is 12
with a standard deviation of 2 years. Test the hypothesis at 93%
confidence interval that the average number of years to finish basic
education is less than 14 years.
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5. A sample of 100 private school students were surveyed whether

they planned to transfer to public schools in the incoming school
year. Results showed that 40% of these students will transfer to
public schools. Test the average number of private school students
that will transfer to public schools is not 40% at 5% level of
significance.
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ACTIVITY 2: Read and understand the statements below carefully. Write the
letter of the best answer among the given choices below.

1. How many types of errors can be made when testing hypothesis?

A. one B. two C. three D. four

2. A criminal was sentenced guilty of a crime he was framed up. What sort of an
error did the judge make, and why?
A. Type II, because their sets of evidence are true when it's actually false.
B. Type II, because their sets of evidence are false when it's actually true.
C. Type I, because their sets of evidence are false when it's actually true.
D. Type I, because their sets of evidence are true when it's actually false.
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3. When is a type II error made?

A. When your findings show that the null hypothesis is false when it is false.
B. When your findings show that the null hypothesis is true when it is true.
C. When your findings show that the null hypothesis is true when it actually is false.
D. When your findings show that the null hypothesis is false when it actually is true.

4. What is the probability of making a type I error?

A. 0.05 B. 0.01 C. 𝛼 D. 𝛽

5. It is the probability of making a type II error.

A. 0.05 B. 0.01 C. 𝛼 D. 𝛽
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ACTIVITY 3: Determine the given of the problems below and formulate the null
and alternative hypothesis both in words and symbols. Write your answer in your
notebook. Please follow the format in the examples.

1. A jeepney driver claims that his average monthly income is Php 3000.00 with a
standard deviation of Php 300.00. A sample of 30 jeepney drivers were
surveyed and found that their average monthly income is Php 3500.00 with a
standard deviation of Php 350.00. Test the hypothesis at 1% level of
significance.
2. A teacher conducted a study to know if blended learning affects the students’
performances. A class of 30 students of Grade 11 was surveyed and found out that
their mean score was 83 with a standard deviation of 4. A study from other country
revealed that 𝜇 = 80 with a standard deviation of 3. Test the hypothesis at 0.10 level
of significance. Solution
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3. A kinder teacher developed a coloring worksheet for her pupils. Using this
worksheet, the pupil’s performance has a mean score of 90 and a standard
deviation of 10. Fifty kinder pupils from a certain barangay were asked to answer
the said worksheet and found that their mean score was 95 with a standard
deviation of 5. Test the hypothesis at 1% significance level.
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4. A study was conducted to determine the marrying age of teachers. It was

found out that the mean marrying ager of teachers is 30 years old. Fifteen
teachers were surveyed randomly and found that their mean marrying age
was 33 years old with a standard deviation of 5 years. Use 10% level of
significance to test the hypothesis and assume that the population is normally
distributed.

5. An association of City Mayors conducted a study to determine the average

number of times a family went to buy necessities in a week. They found that
the mean is 4 times in a week. A random sample of 20 families were asked
and found a mean of 5 times in a week and a standard deviation of 2. Use 5%
significance level to test that the population mean is not equal to 5. Assume
that the population is normally distributed.
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Thank you !!!