Linnaean Classification System and Kingdom & Phylum

Linnaean
Classification
System
Year 7 Science
Linnaean Classification System
● Linnaean Classification: the scientific system used worldwide to classify
organisms. This system classifies organisms into kingdom, phylum, class, order,
family, genus and species.
Acronym:
Acronym: King Philip Came Over For Good
Soup
Activity: Make your own acronym to help you remember the order of
the Linnaean Classification System
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by Slidesgo, including icons by Flaticon, and
infographics & images by Freepik.
Kingdom
• Kingdom: is the name given to the group at the first
level of classification
o Currently taxonomists sort all living things
into five kingdoms:
1. Animal Kingdom
2. Plant Kingdom
3. Fungi Kingdom
4. Protist Kingdom
5. Monera Kingdom
o The organisms of the animal kingdom are
then divided into smaller groups according
to the characteristics of the animal
• Animals are often described as vertebrates (animals with backbones) or
invertebrates (animals without backbones)
o The presence or absence of a backbone is only one of the
observations
• Using the similarities and differences taxonomists have grouped all the
known members of the animal kingdom into nine smaller groups which
are together called phyla
o Each of the smaller groups is known as a phylum
Animal
Kingdom
Plant Kingdom
Fungi Kingdom
Protist Kingdom
Monera Kingdom
Animal
Kingdom
The nine phyla for the animal

kingdom are:
• Poriferans
• Cnidarians
• Echinoderms
• Annelids
• Nematodes
• Platyhelminths
• Molluscs
• Arthropods
• Chordates
Animal Kingdom
The nine phyla for the animal kingdom are:
• Poriferans
• Cnidarians
• Echinoderms
• Annelids Invertebrates: animals without backbones
• Nematodes
• Platyhelminths
• Molluscs
• Arthropods
• Chordates Vertebrates: animals with backbones
• Poriferans
• Cnidarians
• Echinoderms
• Annelids
• Nematods
• Platyhelminths
• Molluscs
• Arthropods
• Chordates
Bilateral, Radial and Asymmetrical
Symmetry
Poriferans
• Poriferans are commonly called sponges
• Poriferans live in the water and most are found in marine environments
• They are full of pores (holes) through which water passes, carrying their food
• They filter the food out of the water, and for this reason they are known as filter feeders
• The wastes along with the water are pushed out through an opening at the top of the sponge
• Asymmetrical symmetry
Cnidarians
• Jellyfish, sea anemones and coral polyps belong to the cnidarians
• They have radial symmetry and only one body opening
• Food goes into the body through this opening and waste comes out of the same opening
• Cnidarians have stinging cells, which they use to catch food

Echinoderms
• Starfish (sea star), brittlestars, sea urchins and sea cucumbers belong to the echinoderms
• They all live in the ocean, usually in shallow water near the coast
• All echinoderms have a chalky layer under their skin, which forms a protective armour
• One thing common to all echinoderms is that they have radial symmetry
Annelids
• The most familiar annelid is the earthworm. Other annelids include leaches and ragworms (often used
as bait in fishing)
• Look closely at an annelid and you will see rings along the length of its body
• These rings are segments or divisions within the body, and give the group their common name
'segmented worm’
• These animals have bilateral symmetry
• Annelids are found in water and damp places on land

Nematodes
• Nematodes are roundworms
• They are bilaterally symmetrical like annelids, with long tapered bodies that are pointed at each
end, but they do not have segments
• They are commonly found in damp soil, in water, and as parasites in the bodies of other organisms
• Parasites: are organisms that live on or in another organism, called a host. They get their food
from the host, but the host gets nothing in return and may be harmed
Platyhelminths
• Platyhelminths are flatworms
• They have bilateral symmetry with the body flattened top to bottom
• They live in water or very moist places
• Gold dotted flatworm

Molluscs
• Molluscs are members of the second largest phylum in the animal kingdom
• Snails, slugs, oysters and mussels belong to this group
• All of them live in water or very moist places
• They come in a wide variety of shapes and size, but all have bilateral symmetry, have well
developed internal organs, and have a muscular foot which they can use to move along
• Some molluscs have shells for protection

Arthropods
Arthropods form the largest animal phylum, with over one million species
This phylum includes: Insects, scorpions, spiders and crustaceans like prawns, crabs and lobsters
• Arthropods are found everywhere-- on land, in the air and in water
• They are able to survive on dry land because they have a waterproof exoskeleton-- a skeleton on
the outside of the body
• The skeleton does not bend, so the limps of the arthropods (legs and antennae) are jointed to allow
the animals to move
•
Chordates
Chordates have a nerve cord running down their backs, which gives this group its name
• Most chordates have skeletons inside their body (an endoskeleton), and most chordates have a
series of small bones protecting their nerve cord
• The small bones are called vertebrae, and together they are called the vertebral column or
backbone
• The group of chordates that has a backbone is commonly called the vertebrates
• All chordates have bilateral symmetry
• They are divided into classes based on a range of characteristics that includes the way they
breathe, and how they reproduce
Vizsla
Linnaean Classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Family: Canidae
Genus: Canis
Species: lupus
Scientific name: Canis lupus

Task
1. Research the Linnaean classification for three animals of your choice
○ Make sure to indicate your animal's scientific name and common name
2. For each animal, identify three other animals that belong to the same genus
a) Outline how these animals are similar and different
b) Describe why these animals cannot be given the same scientific name

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Linnaean

The nine phyla for the animal

• They have radial symmetry and only one body opening

• Cnidarians have stinging cells, which they use to catch food

• These animals have bilateral symmetry

• Annelids are found in water and damp places on land

• They live in water or very moist places

• Gold dotted flatworm

• Snails, slugs, oysters and mussels belong to this group

• All of them live in water or very moist places

• Some molluscs have shells for protection

• Arthropods are found everywhere-- on land, in the air and in water

• All chordates have bilateral symmetry

Scientific name: Canis lupus

1. Research the Linnaean classification for three animals of your choice

a) Outline how these animals are similar and different

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