Stess

Meaning of stress
Types of stress
Causes of stress
Sources of stress
Effects of stress
Seena A O
Department of Management Studies
GLOBAL STATISTCS
• Employees’ daily stress levels have climbed to a record high, from

43% in 2020 to 44% in 2021.
• Work is the most common cause of stress, with 86% of people affected
by work-related stress in particular.
• Around 17 million working days are lost every year globally because
of ill-health caused by work stress, depression or anxiety.
Indian Statistics
• About 89% of the population in India said they were
suffering from stress.
• Work and money (financial instablity) are the top factors
causing high stress amongst Indians as per GOQii India Fit
Report 2022-2023
• Job insecurity, low wages, long working hours, and growing
competition are making the work environment more stressful .
stress
• According to medical explanation of the term “stress is
the body’s general response to environmental situations.”
• Stress is a physiological and psychological response to
challenging or threatening situations
• Stress can be defined as a state of worry or mental tension caused
by a difficult situation.
• Stress is a natural human response that prompts us to address
challenges and threats in our lives.
stressors
• The physical or psychological demands from the environment that
cause stress are called stressors.
• It may be an activity, event or some other stimulus that causes
stress.
External Internal
Death Expectation
Injuries Demands
Illness Misperceptions
Relationship Breakdown Assumptions
Being a Victim of Crime Fear Anger
Retirement
Types of stress: Eustress and Disstress
Too much stress creates fear,

anxiety and burnout.
Not enough stress and people
become bored and unmotivated
and disinterested.
All people need a certain amount
of stress to remain motivated and
productive.
Types of stress
EUSTRESS DISTRESS
Positive stress Negative stress
• It motivates and focuses our energy • It causes anxiety or concern
• It is usually short term • It can be short term or long term
• It is perceived as within our coping • It is perceived outside our coping
ability ability
• It makes us fell excited and it • It makes us fell unpleasant
improves our performance • It decreases our performance
• Create some mental and physical
problems
Causes of stress in an organization
• Poor working conditions

• Work overload
• Occupational demands
• Role conflict
• Rotating work shift
• Career concern
How an individual experiences stress depends on?
• The persons perceptions of the situation

• The persons past experience
• The presence and absence of social support
Symptoms of stress
• Psychological-Anxiety and depression

• Physical-head ache, insomnia and Bowel problems
• Hyper tension, heart attack, mental breakdown
Sources of stress
Individual Group level
 Personality  Managerial behaviour
 Role overload  Lack of cohesiveness
 Role conflict  Intragroup conflict
 Role ambiguity  Status incongruence
 Task characteristics  Sexual harassment
 Work place violence
Organizational level Extra organizational
 Climate  Family
 Management style  Economy
 Organizational design  Lack of mobility
 Organizational lifecycle  Quality of life
Individual Stressors
a) Personality: Type A personality and Type B personality
Type A personality
Type A personality is stress prone as it is associated with the following
behavioural patterns:
Always moves, walks and eat rapidly
Feels impatient with the pace of things, hurries others, dislikes waiting
Does several things simultaneously
Feels guilty when relaxing
Tries to schedule more and more in less and less time
Does not have time to enjoy life.
• Type B personality
Type B personality is less stress prone. Type B personality
Is not concerned about time
Is patient
Play to fun, not to win
Relaxes without feeling guilty
Is never in a hurry
b)Role overload:
Too much of work causes stress to an employee.
c) Role conflict :Role conflict is a type of stress that occurs when an
individual experiences competing demands from different roles they
occupy. These roles can be in various areas of life, such as work, family, and
social relationships.
d)Role ambiguity: Role ambiguity refers to a situation in which the
expectations and responsibilities associated with a particular role are
unclear or not well-defined
e)Task characteristics: Tasks are more stressful when they involve decision
making, monitoring equipment, or exchanging information with others.
Physical symptom Emotional Behavioural Cognitive
symptom symptom symptom
Headaches, muscle Increased Changes in eating Racing thoughts,
tension, fatigue, and irritability, anxiety, habits, social constant worry
difficulty sleeping and feelings of withdrawal, or about exams and
frustration or difficulty making assignments
helplessness decisions
CASE
• Scenario:
• In the context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, many organizations
have adopted remote work policies to ensure the safety of their
employees. Let's consider the case of Alex, a marketing professional,
who has been working remotely for the past year.
• Background:
• Alex was initially excited about the flexibility that remote work offered,
but over time, challenges began to emerge. The lack of face-to-face
interactions, blurred boundaries between work and personal life, and
the pressure to maintain productivity created a stressful environment.
Group level stressors
• Caused by group dynamics and managerial behavior.
• Managers create stress by
Exhibiting inconsistent Behaviour
Failing to provide support
Showing lack of concern
Providing inadequate direction
Creating a high productivity environment
Focusing on negatives while ignoring good performance
 Sexual harassment
 Interpersonal stressors-physical violence and aggression in the workplace
Organizational level stressors
• Organizational climate-a high pressure environment,
chronic work demands on employees
• Poor lighting, improper placement of furniture, dirty
and smelly environment, loud noise
• Organizational structure-excessive rules and lack of
participation in decision making.
• Organizational leadership-managerial style of the
organizations senior executives.
• Organizational life cycle
Extra organizational stressors
• These stressors are caused by factors outside the
organization.
Conflict associated with family
• Death of a spouse
• Injury to one’s child
• Unplanned pregnancy and other life events
Conflict associated with one’s career
Extra organizational stress
Case
• Background:
• Emily is a dedicated marketing manager known for her commitment
and creativity. Recently, her father was diagnosed with a serious
medical condition, requiring extensive care and support. This
unexpected family crisis has introduced a layer of stress that
transcends the boundaries of her professional life.

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Meaning of stress

• Employees’ daily stress levels have climbed to a record high, from

Being a Victim of Crime Fear Anger

Too much stress creates fear,

• Poor working conditions

• The persons perceptions of the situation

• Psychological-Anxiety and depression

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