Course: Rigging and Lifting

1
1
 Rigging and Lifting Course Outline

Module Description
Module 1 Rigging and Lifting Regulations
Module 2 Safe Systems of Work
Module 3 Housekeeping
Module 4 Planning and Execution of Lifting Operation
Module 5 Lifting Equipment
Module 6 Rigging Principles and Terminologies
Module 7 Communication
Module 8 Awareness of Lifting Operation
Practical Assessment

2
 CLASSROOM

Course: Rigging and Lifting

3
3
Module 1 – Rigging and Lifting
Regulations

4
4
 Module 1 – Rigging and Lifting Regulations

• The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations (PUWER) 1998

• Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations (LOLER) 1998
• Approved Code of Practice (ACoP) - Under Section 20 of the Health and
Safety in Employment Act 1992

Note:
• PUWER 1998 applies to all equipment provided for use at work
• LOLER 1998 is additional for Lifting equipment
• PUWER 1998 and LOLER 1998 must be complied for Lifting equipment

5
 Module 1 – Rigging and Lifting Regulations
PUWER 1998

• Stands for the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (1999 in
Northern Ireland). The regulations deal with the work equipment and machinery
used every day in workplaces and aims to keep people safe wherever equipment
and machinery is used at work.

• The equipment provided must be:

a) Suitable for the intended use

b) Safe for use, maintained in a safe condition and inspected to ensure it is

correctly installed and does not subsequently deteriorate

c) Used only by people who have received adequate information, instruction and
training

6
 Module 1 – Rigging and Lifting Regulations
LOLER 1998

• Applied to Cranes, Lift trucks, goods Lifts, vehicle inspection hoists, ropes, bell
hoists, vehicle tail Lifts, chain slings, eyebolts etc…
• It covers the following:

a) Strength & Stability

b) Lifting of Persons

c) Positioning

d) Marking of Lifting Equipment

e) Organisation of Lifting Operations

f) Thorough Examination and Inspection

g) Reporting and Defects

h) Keeping of Information

7
 Module 1 – Rigging and Lifting Regulations
Application of PUWER 1998 and LOLER 1998

• PUWER 1998 and LOLER 1998 apply to:

a) These Regulations, often abbreviated to PUWER, place duties on people and

companies who own, operate or have control over work equipment.

b) PUWER also places responsibilities on businesses and organisations whose

employees use work equipment, whether owned by them or not.

c) LOLER also requires that all equipment used for Lifting is fit for purpose,
appropriate for the task, suitably marked and, in many cases, subject to
statutory periodic 'thorough examination'.

8
 Module 1 – Rigging and Lifting Regulations
Approved Code of Practice (ACoP) – Duties of an Employer

• It is an employer's duty to protect the health, safety and welfare of their

employees and other people who might be affected by their business.

• Employers must do whatever is reasonably practicable to achieve this.

• Employers have duties under health and safety law to assess risks in the
workplace. Risk assessments should be carried out that address all
risks that
might cause harm in your workplace.

• Employers must give you information about the risks in your workplace and
how you are protected, also instruct and train you on how to deal with
the risks.

9
 Module 1 – Rigging and Lifting Regulations
Approved Code of Practice (ACoP) – Duties of Self-Employed

• Every self-employed person shall take all practicable steps to ensure

that no action or inaction of the self-employed person while at work
harms the self-employed person or any other person.

Make sure that you have assessed the risks to:

• your own health and safety at work

• the health and safety of other people you work with

10
 Module 1 – Rigging and Lifting Regulations
Approved Code of Practice (ACoP) – Duties of Employees

• Every employee shall take all practicable steps to ensure:

a) Their own safety while at work (including using Personal

Protective clothing and Equipment)
b) Workers have a duty to take care of their own health and safety and
that of others who may be affected by your actions at work.
c) That no action or inaction of theirs while at work causes harm to
any other person
d) Workers must co-operate with employers and co-workers to help
everyone meet their legal requirements

11
 Module 1 – Rigging and Lifting Regulations
Personal Responsibilities

• Stay safe and remain alert in sites/facilities

• Understand and abide to company safety policies

• Abide to warning signs pasted in sites/facilities

• Use PPE and equipment as instructed

• Report all hazards

• Report and document all defects immediately

• Never throw items from height

• Only competent people are allowed to operate equipment and machinery

• No horseplay in sites/facilities

12
Module 2 – Safe Systems of Work

13
13
 Module 2 – Safe Systems of Work
Permit to Work (PTW)

• What is PTW?
Formal written authority to operate a planned procedure, which is designed to protect
personnel working in hazardous areas or activities.
• PTW validity?
Lasts for one working shift or the duration of the Lifting Operation
• Receiver of PTW?
a) Company employees certified by department head to sign and receive work permits

b) Sponsoring organization heads (contractor)

• Cancellation/Suspension of PTW
a) Job safety does not meet the conditions specified on the work permit.

b) Emergency situation.

14
 Module 2 – Safe Systems of Work
Toolbox Talk

• What is Toolbox Talk?

a) Safety lecture to educate workers about safe work conditions

b) Also knows as “Toolbox Meeting” or “Tailgate Meeting”
c) Required to be carried out for all work with significant safety exposure
d) Final check in the hazard assessment process and the start of work
implementation

15
 Module 2 – Safe Systems of Work
Toolbox Talk

• When does it take place?

a) Must take place at job site with all workers before starting the work
b) Must take place at job site when major changes or different phases of work is started
• What are being discussed/covered:
 Work Plan
 Hazards and Controls
 Roles and Responsibilities
 Emergency Procedure
 Personal Protective Equipment
 Previous incidents and Lessons learnt
 Questions & Resolution of issues raised by workers

16
Module 2 – Safe Systems of Work
Example of Toolbox Talk Checklist

17
Module 3 – Housekeeping

18
18
 Module 3 – Housekeeping
Importance of Good Housekeeping

• Housekeeping must be carried out before, during and after rigging and
Lifting activities.
• Good housekeeping:

a) Ensure items are securely stored to avoid hazardous situations e.g.

fire hazards
b) Ensure equipment and accessories are well kept and maintained at
all times
c) Reduce injuries e.g. slips, trips and falls due to oily/wet and
congested working areas

19
 Module 3 – Housekeeping
Examples of Good Housekeeping

Poor housekeeping and work procedures due

to inadequate site and work area supervision

Equipments and materials

are organized and stored

20
 Module 3 – Housekeeping
Examples of Good Housekeeping

Good housekeeping ensures safe workplace

21
Module 4 – Planning and Execution of a Lifting Operation

22
22
 Module 4 – Planning and Execution of Lifting Operations
Overview

Define the Lift

Planning  Lift Plan

 Categorization of Lifting Operation
 Work Environment Conditions
Preparation  Risk Assessment

Execution  Toolbox Talk to communicate Lift Plan

 Execute Lifting Operations
 Control the Crane Lifting area
Learn & Record  Reacting to change in conditions e.g. Stop Work
Policy for any unsafe condition or action

 Discuss ways to improve Lift Plan

 Learning points
 Feedback on equipment, effectiveness,
Lifting techniques, personnel etc…

23
 Module 4 – Planning and Execution of Lifting Operations
Define the Lift

• Has this particular Lifting Operation has been carried out before?

a) If Yes, a risk assessment and Lift Plan might already exist. Assess
them to confirm they are still applicable

b) If No, a competent person will prepare a Lift Plan (rigger 2)

• How to define a Lift?

a) Load weight, shape, centre of gravity and availability of Lifting points

b) Initial and final load positions and how it will get there

c) The environment in which the Lifting equipment will be used

d) The personnel available and their knowledge, training and experience

24
 Module 4 – Planning and Execution of Lifting Operations
Planning Stage – Risk Assessment

• For every Lifting Operation, the risks have to be assessed and

controlled.

• As part of the Hazard Effect Management Process (HEMP), a risk

assessment is carried out prior to any Lifting Operation to identify
associated hazards, their severity and likelihood of occurrence

25
 Module 4 – Planning and Execution of Lifting Operations
Planning Stage – Risk Assessment

• HEMP addresses:

a) Planning the Lift

b) Identifying the hazards and restricted areas

c) Selecting competent personnel

d) Appropriately Supervised

e) Selecting Lifting equipment

f) Communicating Lift requirements and hazards

g) Procedures for changing the Lift Plan

h) Emergency, recovery and contingency plans

26
 Module 4 – Planning and Execution of Lifting Operations
Planning Stage – Risk Assessment

• Risk Assessment Matrix (RAM) is used to determine risk. The

objective is to ensure all tasks have Low Risk through elimination or
adequate control

27
Module 4 – Planning and Execution of Lifting Operations
Planning Stage – Sample of RAM

28
 Module 4 – Planning and Execution of Lifting Operations
Planning Stage – Example of Risk Assessment Log

Activity Potential Hazards Control Measures

Lifting • Defective components • Examine all equipments before
• Unsafe equipment use
• Ground conditions • Destroy defective components
• Wind speed • Competent person to examine
• Hazardous weather the set up area
conditions • Suspend Lifting activity
• Electrical contact during poor weather
conditions
• Maintain minimum permitted
distance from live overhead
power line

29
 Module 4 – Planning and Execution of Lifting Operations
Planning Stage - Work Environment Conditions

• Environment conditions specific to the work location identified and accounted

for in planning and execution of all Lifting Operations
• Develop contingency plans and procedures to manage changes in
environmental conditions
• Parameters to include:
1. Weather conditions (wind speed) 9.8m/s or 23mph or 35kph
2. Lightening
3. Visibility
4. Noise
5. Communications
6. Terrain stability or slope
7. Surrounding operations and installations
8. Safe access and egress, Crane & personnel

30
 Module 4 – Planning and Execution of Lifting Operations
Planning Stage – Categorization of Lifting Operation

• Categorize and control Lifts according to complexity and risk. There are 2
categories of Lift:
Basic Standard

• Basic or routine Crane Operations • Simple Lifting Operations using

• Repetitive Lifting Operations using various Lifting equipment
the same equipment (e.g. rebar, • Weights range from 10t – 40t
unloading activities) • Some Heavy Lifting require further
• Routine Lifting Operations with thought and planning
simple Lifting equipment • Must have a Lift Plan in place
• Must have a competent Rigger 2

• May use one Lift Plan for various • Must use dedicated Lift Plan
Lifts

31
 Module 4 – Planning and Execution of Lifting Operations
Planning Stage – Sample of Lift Plan

LIFTING OPERATION PLAN PAGE 1 of

Location: Area:

Permit Number: Risk Assessment Number:

Generic Lifting Plan No: Method Statement Number:

Is Diagram/Sketch/Calculations Of Lifting Operation Enclosed? YES/NO nr.:

Description Of Lifting Operation:

Lift Category: Routine: Non-Routine:

Weight Of Load: Actual / Assessed (delete as appropriate)

Lifting Equipment & Accessories to be used (specify type ,SWL and colour code)

All Lifting Operations Require The Following To Be Considered But This List Is Not Exhaustive.

Cultural, communication and language difficulties Conflicting tasks in area


Weight, size, shape and centre of gravity of load   Environmental conditions including weather and
 permissible limits
Availability of approved lifting points on load  Lighting in the pick-up and lay-down areas;

Method of slinging/attaching/detaching the load Proximity hazards, obstructions, path of load
 Working under suspended loads
Overturning/load integrity/need for tag lines
 Access and emergency escape routes
Suitability and condition of lifting equipment to be
used Experience, competence and training of personnel
Initial and final load positions and how it will get there Number of personnel required for task
Ground and underground considerations Pre-Use Inspection of equipment by operator

Lifting over live equipment Visibility of the load
 
Number and duration of lift(s)
 



Task Details (Step By Step)

Method(s) Of Communication To Be Used Radio Verbal Hand Signals 

Steps Taken To Eliminate Danger To Personnel Involved and Others (including barriers where appropriate):

De-brief and learning points:

Prepared By/Name: Signature: Date:

Reviewed By/Name: Signature: Date:

Approved By/Name: Signature: Date:

32
Module 4 – Planning and Execution of Lifting Operations
Checklist

33
 Module 4 – Planning and Execution of Lifting Operations
Planning

• Determine SWL
• Weight & size
• Select slings, chains, shackles, eyebolts, chain block,
• Center of gravity
etc…

• Pick up location
• Route to travel • Determine Crane location
• Obstructions • Determine the Lifting area
• Radius, Lifting height, Maximum load weight, boom
length

• Study Crane loading chart

• Select Crane

34
 Module 4 – Planning and Execution of Lifting Operations
Preparation Overview

• Check Lifting/attachment points

• Complete Lifting plan

• Prepare Lifting PTW
• Inspect slings, chains, shackles, • Get approval for Lifting plan
eyebolts etc… (signatures)
• Check T.U.V and serial numbers
• Check color coding
• Prepare packing & skids

• Prepare Lifting equipment

35
 Module 4 – Planning and Execution of Lifting Operations
Execution Overview

• Do test Lift above the ground (6 – 8

• Attached tag line(s) to guide load inches)
• Check for overload alarm

• Attach the equipment correctly Check Lift the load

angle(s) • Guide load with tag line
• Protect slings on sharp corners • Check for obstacles
• Do not shock load slings
• Do not stand under load
• Use competent rigger • Do not ride on load
• One signalman

Lay down load

• Before start of job, recheck Crane, • Lay down in clear area
slings, Lifting points, ground conditions • Lay down load on skids or
etc… wooden blocks
• Check wind speed • Do not drag Lifting equipment from
under the load

36
Module 4 – Planning and Execution of Lifting Operations
Execution Overview

Lifting heights, obstructions

and radius

Use tag line(s)

Be aware of unauthorised
persons

Stick to the planned route

Use standard hand signals

Stay alert and maintain eye

contact

37
Module 5 – Lifting Equipment

38
38
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Components of Lifting

• A Lifting Operation consists of the following:

a) The Lifting Appliances (equipment performing the Lifting, i.e. Crane,

boom truck, gantry Crane, material hoist, forklift truck etc…)

b) The Lifting Accessories (devices which connect the load to the Lifting
Appliance, i.e. chain, sling, shackle, eyebolt etc…)

c) The Lifted Equipment (THE LOAD ITSELF)

39
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Components of Lifting Equipment

40
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Lifting Accessories

• Chains (2 leg, 4 leg)

• Sling(s) Nylon, Web
• Shackle(s)
• Container(s)
• Chain Block
• Wire Rope Sling(s)
• Eyebolts
• Snatch Block or Chain Block
• Lifting/Spreader Beams
• Pad Eyes

41
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Wire Rope – Construction of Wire Rope

3/4 - 6 x 19 - FC
5/8 - 6 x 37 - IWRC

42
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Wire Rope – Construction of Wire Rope

Wire in 1 strand
Strand

Core

FC - Fiber Core
IWRC - Independent Wire Rope Core

43
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Wire Rope – Construction of Wire Rope - Inspection

Ferrule

• SWL (safe working load)

• Serial Number
• Date Of Manufacture
• Colour Code

44
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Wire Rope – Wire Rope Fittings & Termination

Wedge Socket Thimble with Ferrule

Close Socket Pressed Sleeve

45
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Wire Rope – Defects of Wire Rope Sling

• Kinks is caused by choking the slings, which then and have been
drawn too tight, as a result of improper handling and rigging
• Kinks are permanent and will require that the sling, or damaged section,
be taken out of service

46
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Wire Rope – Defects of Wire Rope Sling

• Bird caging is caused by the sling being twisted, or by the sling/rope

being overloaded or NOT having enough weight on
• The sling or the affected section, must be replaced or destroyed

47
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Wire Rope – Defects of Wire Rope Sling

• Corrosion is often due to: • Core protrusion can be caused by shock

lack of lubricant loads and or improper handling
Improper type of lubricant • If any three (3) wires are broken in one
Improper storage strand, remove from use
Exposure to acids or alkalis • This condition requires that the rope be
Left out in hazardous taken out of service and destroyed
conditions

48
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Wire Rope – Defects of Wire Rope Sling

• This is often the result of heavy loads over small sheaves. Or a result of
improper practice and rigging procedures, without the use of edge
protection.

49
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Wire Rope – Good Storage System

50
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Wire Rope – Care and Maintenance

• Purpose of Lubrication
a) Initial factory lubrication will not last
• Good Lubricant Characteristics
a) Corrosion resistance

b) Water repellant

c) Penetrating ability

d) Temperature stability
• Lubricant Frequency
a) Recommended at least quarterly (every 3 months)

b) Depending on the usage

c) Working environment

51
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Wire Rope – Pre-Use Checks

• SWL is suitable for the load to be Lifted

• Colour coding (where applicable)
• Serial number / ID mark
• Each individual leg along its entire length - wear, corrosion, abrasions,
mechanical, damage, broken wires etc…
• Ferrule should be free from cracks or other deformities
• Examine master link assembly - wear, corrosion, cracking etc…

52
Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Shackle – Types of Shackle

53
Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Shackle – Parts of Shackle

Crown

Pin

Jaw

54
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Shackle – Defects of Shackles

Wrong Pin Overload

Jaw Opening Gouging / Cut Marks

55
Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Shackle – Pre-Use Checks

56
Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Shackle – Unsafe Practices

57
Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Shackle – Good Storage System

58
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Webbing Sling – Types of Webbing Sling

Flat webbing slings Round webbing slings

59
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Webbing Sling – S.W.L/Safety Factors and Angles

60
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Webbing Sling – Defects of Webbing Sling

61
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Webbing Sling – Pre-Use Checks

• SWL is suitable for the load to be Lifted

• Colour coding (where applicable)
• Serial number / ID mark
• Cuts, tears or chafing
• Burst stitching (especially round the eyes)
• Chemical damage
• Ingress of foreign bodies into the fibres
• Distortion / stretched etc…

62
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Webbing Sling – Good Storage System

63
Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Container – Types of Container

64
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Container – Markings on Container

• Company name
• Size
• Date inspection
• Next inspection
• Content
• TW - Tare weight (weight of empty container)
• SWL - Safe Working Load (the content)
• MGW - Maximum Gross Weight (total weight)

65
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Container – Markings on Container

66
Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Container – Pre-Slung

Dedicated slings and shackles

DO NOT REMOVE!!

67
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Chain Block - Functions

• Chain blocks are for Rigging and hoisting work, usually over a short period

• Safety catches must be fitted on the hook

• Design for one person to pull

• Do not overload

• Not designed for long period suspended loads

68
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Lever Hoist - Functions

• Lifting or hoisting device operated with a

handle instead of hand chain
• Not available in very high capacities (not
more than few tons)
• Short load chain
• Used for short Lifts
• Commonly abused (attempt to get more
leverage by extending the
handle with a piece of pipe)

69
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Lever Hoist - Tirfor

• Mainly for pulling purposes, for jacking and skidding operations

• Can also be used for Lifting, but less capacity. Not its primary
function
• Do not overload by using an extension pipe

70
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Chain Block - Pre-Use Checks

• SWL is suitable for the load to be Lifted

• Colour coding is current (where applicable)
• Safety latches are fitted
• No sign of misuse:
a) Stretched hook
b) Corroded casing
c) Stretched/distorted chain etc…

71
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Chain Block - Defects of Chain

Welded Chain Gouges cuts cracks

Knot in chain Corroded chain

72
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Hooks – Types of Hooks

Safety Hook Eye Hook Swivel Hook Grab Hook

73
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Hooks - Parts of a Hook

Throat Eye

Body

Saddle

74
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Hooks – Defects of a Hook

• Throat Opening • Hooks Modification

• Twisting of Hook Body • Crack/Wear at Saddle
• Signs of overloading • Would not pass a test T.U.V
• No safety catch

75
Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Hooks – Pre-Use Checks

76
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Eyebolts – Types of Eyebolts

Dynamo Collar Collar with link

77
Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Correct Use of Eyebolts

78
Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Correct Use of Eyebolts

79
Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Correct Use of Eyebolts

80
Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Eyebolts – Types of Eyebolts

Eye

Body

Thread

81
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Snatch Block – Types of Snatch Block

Single Sheave Block

Function to increase pull force

Multi Sheave Block

Function to reduce pull force and for
change in direction pull

82
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Snatch Block – Pre-Use Checks

Examine head fitting shackle/eye

The SWL is suitable for
the load to be Lifted

The colour coding is current

Ensure all grease
ports are clean &
unblocked

Examine sheave Spin the sheave to check

for wear or cracks bearing/bushes

83
 Module 5 – Lifting Equipment
Snatch Block – Inspection

• Side plate securing bolt cannot be fully withdrawn

• Manufacturer's certificate & certificate of 3rd party test
• Maintenance / inspection shall be according to manufacturers’
recommendation
• Ensure split pins, locking and secure pins are in place
• Ensure support structure is of adequate strength
• Consider total resultant forces acting supporting structure

84
Module 6 – Rigging Principles and Terminologies

85
85
 Module 6 – Rigging Principles and Terminology
Terminology

Term Description
Working Load Limit (WLL) Stated capacity of Lifting equipment
Safe Working Load (SWL) The load the accessories/equipment can safely
Lift
Breaking Strength (BS) The actual force required to pull rigging gear to
destruction
Proof Loading Proof loaded by a certified body acceptable by
relevant authority – 3rd party T.U.V
Safety factors To calculate the WLL/SWL of different types of
Lifting accessories/equipment.
Tare weight (TW) Weight of empty container
Maximum Gross Weight Total weight MGW = TW + SWL
(MGW)
Included Angle Angle created between the sling legs

86
 Module 6 – Rigging Principles and Terminology
Angles and Tension in Slings

• Sling Angles

60º : Attachment point “A” = Sling’s length “S”

90º : Attachment point “A” = 2 x height of triangle “H”
120º : Attachment point “A” = ½ x Sling’s length “S”

87
Module 6 – Rigging Principles and Terminology
Angles and Tension in Slings

88
 Module 6 – Rigging Principles and Terminology
Weight of Load

• Maximum Load = W.L.L. x angle factor x reeve factor

= 8 x 1.73 x 0.5
= 6.92 tones
= 6.9 tones

Sling SWL = 8 Tones

Angle is 60º, Factor = 1.73
Reeve factor = 0.5

89
 Module 6 – Rigging Principles and Terminology
Weight of Load

• W.L.L. = weight ÷ angle factor ÷ reeve factor

= 4 ÷ 1.73 ÷ 0.5
= 4.62 tones
= 4.6 tones

Weight = 4 Tones
Angle is 60º, Factor = 1.73
Reeve factor = 0.5

90
 Module 6 – Rigging Principles and Terminology
Weight of Load

• W.L.L. = weight ÷ angle factor ÷ reeve factor

= 20 ÷ 1.73 ÷ 0.75
= 15.41 tones
= 15.4 tones

Weight = 20 Tones
Angle is 60º, Factor = 1.73
Reeve factor = 0.75

91
Module 6 – Rigging Principles and Terminology
Centre of Balance

92
Module 7 – Communication

93
93
 Module 7 – Communication
Roles of Rigger 3/Banksman

• Correct rigging of the load

• Visually inspect the Lifting equipment, before and after use
• Ensuring that the rigging equipment has a suitable SWL for the load to be Lifted.
• Has in date T.U.V
• Ensuring correct assembly of rigging equipment
• Safety of persons in the surrounding area, to keep people out of the Lifting area
• Use correct signals during the Lifting operation
• Equipment is colour coded

94
 Module 7 – Communication
Who can be a Rigger 3/Banksman?

• Supervisors
• Foreman
• Labourers
• Crane Supervisor
• Any trained and competent person

95
Module 7 – Communication
Hand Signals

96
Module 7 – Communication
Hand Signals

97
Module 7 – Communication
Hand Signals

98
 Module 7 – Communication
Two Way Radio

Advantage Disadvantage
• Provide accuracy of Crane movement • Communication break down due to:
• Confident to carry out the operation  Garble message
• Commonly use for Lifting at height /  Weak battery
blind spot & night activities  Wave interference
 Interruption
 Background noise

99
Module 8 – Awareness of Lifting Operation

100
100
 Module 8 – Awareness of Lifting Operation
Crane Operating Principles – Centre of Gravity

• Centre of gravity is the point around which an object’s weight is evenly

balanced

101
 Module 8 – Awareness of Lifting Operation
Crane Operating Principles – Leverage Cranes

• Principle to Lift Load. Rotation of the upper works changes the

location of the Crane’s centre of gravity & leverage point

102
 Module 8 – Awareness of Lifting Operation
Crane Operating Principles – Stability

• Relationship of the load weight, angle of boom and its radius to the
centre of gravity of the load

103
 Module 8 – Awareness of Lifting Operation
Crane Operating Principles – Structural Integrity

• The Crane main frame, boom sections & attachments are all considered
part of the structural integrity of Lifting

104
 Module 8 – Awareness of Lifting Operation
Crane Operating Principles – Conflicting Activities

• Lift Plan
 Location
 Nature of activities
 Hazard
• PTW
• Toolbox talk
• Communication
• Numerous Cranes

105
 Module 8 – Awareness of Lifting Operation
Crane Operating Principles – Conflicting Activities

106
 Module 8 – Awareness of Lifting Operation
Crane Operating Principles – Environment Factors

• Boom space between numerous working Cranes

• Transferring equipment from vessels & platforms
• Moving equipment around the work area
• Submerging or recovering equipment in the sea
• Vessel motion and stability
• Weather, wind and thunder & lightening
• Seabed suction and dynamic loading
• Noise, light, spray

107
 Module 8 – Awareness of Lifting Operation
Manual Handling

Size up the load Get another to help if the load is

heavy

108
 Module 8 – Awareness of Lifting Operation
Manual Handling

Make sure your footing is secure Do not Lift objects that

obscure vision & footing

109
 Module 8 – Awareness of Lifting Operation
Manual Handling

Lift smoothly and Alternate lifting tasks

slowly. Do not jerk! with lighter work

110
 Module 8 – Awareness of Lifting Operation
Manual Handling

Do not twist while Lifting Try to avoid carrying a load

more than 10 feet without
mechanical assistance

111
 Module 8 – Awareness of Lifting Operation
Manual Handling

Get as close to the load as Avoid Lifting from the floor

possible or above shoulder level

112
Module 8 – Awareness of Lifting Operation
Manual Handling

113
Module 8 – Awareness of Lifting Operation
Manual Handling

114
 Module 8 – Awareness of Lifting Operation
Appreciation of Dynamic Factors

• A "STATIC" load on a Crane means that the effect of the load on the
machine never become greater than the weight of the load

• A "DYNAMIC" load is one where the effect of the load on the Crane
is MORE than the actual weight of the load

115
 Rigging and Lifting Course
This Afternoon

Module Description
Module 11 Practical Demonstration and Exercise
1. Inspection of Lifting Equipment
2. Planning of Lifting Operation
3. Execution of Lifting Operation
Practical Assessment
Q&A

116
Q&A

117 117
 118
118