Infection control program

: Prepared by

Eman shehata
Afkar abdelaal

:Under supervision
DR/Nermin onsy
 Objectives
:Define the following terms -
infection – pathogenic – Nasocomial – infection (
) control program
Identify the importance of infection control in -
health care setting
Identify the challenges of infection control -
Recognize the essential activities in infection -
control and function
Explain the Infection control in organization -
Recognize theminimum requirements for (ICP) -
 Outlines
Introduction -
Definitions of -
infection – pathogenic – Nasocomial – infection (
) control program
Importance of infection control in health care -
setting
Challenges of infection control -
Essential activities in infection control and -
function
Infection control in organization -
Minimum requirements for (ICP) -
 Introduction
Infection control program is a quality standard and is
,essential for the well being and safety of the patient
Staff and visitor . Provision of an effective infection control
program reflect the overall standard of care provided by
health care institution, each institution is unique and its
specific needs must be considered when developing ICP
because of deferring needs, various group, patient
condition and function
Modern hospital infection control programs first began in
1950s in England, where the primary focus of these
programs was to prevent and control hospital-acquired
staphylococcal outbreaks. In 1968, the American Hospital
“,Association published "Infection Control in the Hospital
 Definitions
:Infection-
infection is an invasion and multiplying of
pathogenic microbes in the body tissues
in which they are not usually present

Pathogenic-
.means capable of causing disease
 Definitions
Nasocomial infection
Also called hospital acquired infections are
infections acquired during hospitalization
which are not present or inculpating at
admission (infections occurring more than
.48 hours after admission )
 Definitions
: Infection control program

A comprehensive , effective and supported

which aiming at reducing infection risk and
.increasing hospital safety
Importance of infection control in the
health care setting

-to reduce the occurrence of infectious diseases 1

Provide a safe working environment for patients, health -2
. worker and visitors
Dcrease morbidity-3
Decrease mortality-4
Control of supplies and equipment-5
Decrease the length stay of hospitalization -6
 Challenges of infection
control
•Decreasing reimbursement
•Increasing emerging infections
•Increasing resistant organisms
•Increasing drug costs
•Nursing shortage
Essential activities in infection control
and functions
Surveillance -1
Environmental control -2
Staff training and education -3
Setting policies and procedures-4
Intervening directly to interrupt the -5
transmission of diseases
Research -6
 Surveillance-1
Hospital programs of IC should include surveillance -
to detect common source outbreaks ,identify problem
areas and help managers and clinicians to improve IC
practices
Surveillance is the ongoing, systematic observation -
of the occurrence and distribution of diseases within
A population and of the events that decrease or
increase the risk of the disease occurrence
The purpose of surveillance is reduce the incidence -
of HAI and thus to reduce associated morbidity
 Environmental Control-2
Control of the microbial reservoir of the patient's immediate
environment in the hospital is the goal of an infection
control program. Environmental control begins with design
of the hospital's physical plant. The design must meet the
functional standards for patient care and must be integrated
into the architecture to provide traffic accessibility and
control. The primary standards for special care units like
intensive care and dialysis require planning of floor space,
physical surfaces, lighting, ventilation, and water to
accommodate easy cleaning and disinfecting of surfaces,
.sterilization of instruments, and proper food handling
 Staff training and education-3

On going education in the area of infection -

control is necessary for several reasons, A
health care workers need to be a ware of
scientific information in the area of infection
. control
The training includes instructions on isolation -
precaution, aseptic practices and prevention of
. blood and body fluid exposure
 Setting policies and procedures -4
Policies and procedures must be based on
scientifically valid infection prevention and
control that have a positive impact on
process and prevent Nasocomial infection
It must be reviewed regularity regularly to -
maintain accuracy and validity
 Intervening directly to interrupt -5
the transmission of diseases
The most common setting in which ICP must -
intervene directly inpatient care activities is in
control of an out break of Nasocomial infection
An out break may be defined as an increase of -
incidence of disease or event above the back
ground rate, each health care setting have
baseline surveillance data on the incidence of
Nasocomial infections in order to identify
 Research -6
Infection control policies are constantly
being evaluated and remodeled because
most traditional preventive measures are
not scientifically proved but are based on
clinical experience. Although infection data
are useful, research in infection control
requires microbiologic support to conduct
realistic studies. Very few infection control
programs have the personnel and
resources for these activities
 Infection control program in
organization include
infection control team -1
infection control committee -2
infection control manual -3
infection control officer -4
infection control nurse -5
infection control link nurse -6
 Infection control team (ICT)
Consist of at least -
One physician
One nurse
Number depend on workload -
Responsible for day-to-day running ICP -
Must ensure an effective ICP -
have expertise -
Must have appropriate authority -
 Role of infection control team (ICT)
Annual IC plan -
Develop and review policies and -
procedures
Supervise and monitor practices in IC -
Identify problems in implementation
activities
Provide epidemiological surveillance -
- Report and investigate out break
 Infection control committee (ICC)
Multidisciplinary input cooperation, and -
information sharing
Responsible for planning, implementing, -
prioritizing and allocating resources for IC
Report to administration or medical staff -
Liaison between departments -
Hold regular meetings -
Produce an annual report and annual business -
 Role of IC committee
Review and approve the annual plan -
Review and approve IC policies -
Support the ICT and direct resources -
Ensure availability of supplies -
Review surveillance data -
Assess and promote good practices -
 Infection control officer
Medical staff member involved in IC -
A medical microbiologist, an epidemiologist,
or infectious disease physician
If non available, another physician with -
interest in IC
Have knowledge and experience in IC -
 Role of [ICO]

Leading role and advisor in the IC training -

Assist the ICC in plans, policies and -
programs
Advise the director or hospital -
administrator
Support and advise on IC -
Involved in setting quality standards -
Provide surveillance in IC -
 Infection control nurse [ICN]

Registered nurse -
Act as specialist advisor in IC -
Usually only full time practitioner in the ICT -
Task's the key role in day-to-day infection -
control activities
 ICN Duties and responsibility

Contributes to the development and -

implementation of ICP
Provides specialist-nursing input -
Participates in preparing documents -
Participates in training, educational -
programs
 Infection control link-nurse (ICLN)
Link system to develop IC -
Operational support between [ICLN] and wards -
Responsibility of IC practice within their -
departments
Help to identify problems, implement, solutions, -
maintain communications and motivate staff
Management support and interest essential in -
their success
Responsibilities of (ICLN)
Maintain hygiene on the ward -
Monitor aseptic technique, hand hygiene and -
isolation
Report the physician any evidence of infection -
Initiate isolation and order culture specimens -
Identify signs of communicable diseases -
Limit patient exposure to infections -
Maintain a safe adequate supply of equipment, -
drugs and supplies
 Infection control manual

Contain recommended instruction and -

practices for patient care
Developed and updated by the I C T and -
approved by the I C C
Must be available for staff -
 Topics for I C manual
Patient care and ward procedures -
Hand hygiene isolation
Invasive procedures -
Obstetrical, neonatal and intensive care -
techniques
Staff health Immunization
production of critical items -
Sterilization and disinfection
Medication and infusion preparation-
 Minimum requirements for ICP
A physician and a nurse with responsibility -
Of I C
A manual of critical I C policies -
An educational program for staff -
A clear line of responsibility to senior -
management of the hospital
Thank you
 References
control today. COM www.infection -1
ppt_pdf www.theific.org\basic concept\ -2
www.ems.org.eg\es\esic_hom\data\guied_part1\importance.pdf -3
Hospital infection control policies and procedure .john Philpot-how and -4
.mark case well, cop 1994,pag 2-6