Diagnose Fault and Repair

Diagnose and repair
any problem or fault

in the network
system in line with
the standard
operating procedures
Objectives
1. Define network troubleshooting tool
2. Determine the causes and possible solutions to
network connection problems.
3. Determine the different network troubleshooting tools.
4. Apply necessary troubleshooting to a specific network
problem.
5. Appreciate the importance of network troubleshooting
tools.
Activity 1. Tell whether each network
problem related to software or hardware or
both.
1. Virus infection 6. Conflict IP address

2. Broken cable 7. File and printer sharing are
3. No internet connection not working
4. Server not found 8. Connected but not
responsive
5. Cannot see another
computer in the network 9. less connectivity
10. defective NIC
1. Have you experience some of those
listed network problems?
2. What are those issues that may be

considered as software? Hardware?
Guide
Or Both? questions
3. How do you determine the types of
issues? What are those things do you
consider?
Common Network Problems and
Solutions
How to
Troubles
hoot a
Network
and Best
Practices
Basic Network Problems
Cable Problem: The cable which is used to
connect two devices can get faulty,
shortened or can be physically damaged.
Connectivity Problem: The port or interface
on which the device is connected or
configured can be physically down or faulty
due to which the source host will not be
able to communicate with the destination
host.
Configuration Issue: Due to a wrong
configuration, looping the IP, routing
problem and other configuration issues,
network fault may arise, and the services
will get affected.
Basic Network Problems
Software Issue: Owing to software compatibility
issues and version mismatch, the transmission of
IP data packets between the source and
destination is interrupted.
Traffic overload: If the link is over utilized then
the capacity or traffic on a device is more than
the carrying capacity of it and due to overload
condition, the device will start behaving
abnormally.
Network IP issue: Due to improper configuration
of IP addresses and subnet mask and routing IP
to the next hop, the source will not be able to
reach the destination IP through the network.
How to Troubleshoot a Network
Check Use Use
Check the hardware Use ipconfig Use ping and tracert
• Check all your hardware to • Try typing in ipconfig • Try sending a ping to a
make sure it’s connected /release followed by well-known, large server,
properly, turned on, and ipconfig /renew to get rid such as Google, to see if it
working. of your current IP address can connect with your
and request a new one router, “ping 8.8.8.8”
• tracert command to do the
same thing, by typing
“tracert 8.8.8.8”; this will
show you each step, or
“hop,” between your
router and the Google DNS
servers
Perform a DNS check
◦ the command nslookup to
determine whether there’s a
problem with the server you’re
How to trying to connect to. If you perform
Troubleshoot a DNS check on, for example,
a Network google.com and receive results:
◦ “Timed Out,”
◦ “Server Failure,”
◦ “Refused,”
◦ “No Response from Server,”
◦ “Network Is Unreachable,”
Contact the ISP
Contact • If all of the above turn up no problems, try contacting your internet
• service provider
How to
Check on virus and malware protection Troubles
Check on
hoot a
• make sure your virus and malware tools are running correctly, and
they haven’t flagged anything that could be affecting part of your
network and stopping it from functioning
Network
Review database logs
Review • Review all your database logs to make sure the databases are
functioning as expected. If your network is working but your
database is full or malfunctioning,
Collect information
• make sure you’re clear on what the problem is
• Collect enough information from both the people
who are experiencing network issues and the
network itself, so you can replicate ordiagnose the
Network problem.
Troubleshoot • Take care not to mistake symptoms for the root
ing Best cause, as what initially looks like the problem could
be part of a larger issue.
Practices
Customize logs
• Each log should have a clear description of which
items or events are being logged, the date and
time, and information on the source of the log
(MAC or IP address).
Check access and security
Networ Check • Ensure no access or security issues have come up by
k checking all access permissions are as they should be
• Check all firewalls, antivirus software, and malware
Trouble software to ensure they’re working correctly, and no
shooti security issues are affecting your users’ ability to work.
ng
Best
Practic Follow an escalation framework
es
Follow • Have a clear escalation framework of who is responsible
for which issues, including the final person in the chain
who can be approached for resolution.
Network
Troubleshoot
ing Tools
The following are common
Microsoft Windows network
commands
ipconfig - is a command which can be issued to display the
network settings currently assigned to any or all
network adapters in the machine.
netstat - Displays active TCP connections, ports on which
the computer is listening, Ethernet statistics, the IP
routing table, IPv4 statistics
tracert/traceroute - command is used to visually see a
network packet being sent and received and the number
of hops required for that packet to get to its destination.
commands
ping - Helps in determining TCP/IP Networks IP address as
well as determine issues with the network and assists
in resolving them.
pathping - Provides information about network latency and
network loss at intermediate hops between a source
and destination.
telnet - software that allows users to remotely access
another computer such as a server, network device, or
other computer.
commands
route - Use the command to manually configure the routes
in the routing table.
arp - Displays, adds, and removes arp information from
network devices
nslookup - Displays information that you can use to
diagnose Domain Name System (DNS) infrastructure.
nbtstat - MS-DOS utility that displays protocol statistics and
current TCP/IP connections using NBT.
commands
netsh - One common way of using netsh is to reset the TCP/IP in
Windows 2k/XP
◦ Type this in Run or DOS Window – "netsh int ip reset"
◦ In Windows XP you can run a graphical diagnostic by typing "netsh
diag gui" into the run dialogue box.
commands
getmac - DOS command used to show both local and remote MAC
addresses
◦ When run with no parameters (ie. getmac) it displays MAC addresses
for the local system.
◦ When run with the /s parameter (eg. getmac /s \\foo) it displays MAC
addresses for the remote computer.
◦ When the /v parameter is used, it also displays the associated
connection name and network adapter name.
Quiz
¼ SHEET OF PAPER
Write CPU if the statement is True or correct and
RAM if the statement is False or incorrect. Write
the word/s or phrase/s that make/s the
statement incorrect.
1. Collect enough information from both the people who are
experiencing network issues and the network itself, so you can
replicate or diagnose the problem.
2. If the problem is software, it has nothing to do with the hardware.
3. Always determine the cause of the problem before you
troubleshoot.
4. Malware problem can be repaired through hardware
troubleshooting.
5. LAN tester can solve all the network problems.

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Diagnose and repair

any problem or fault

1. Virus infection 6. Conflict IP address

2. What are those issues that may be

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