GE 2 History Report

THE AMERICAN
Political/Economic/Cultural -
INFLUENCESEducation
Jaeva Gaile Jumao-as & Jorge Jo

Brief History of
American Colonization
The American colonization of the Philippines
started in 1898 after the Spanish-American War
when the United States acquired the
archipelago from Spain. Filipino revolutionaries,
who had fought for independence from Spain,
resisted American rule, leading to the brutal
Philippine-American War (1899-1902).
Brief History of
American Colonization
• During the American occupation of the Philippines,
there was a complex interplay between
modernization efforts and the ongoing assertion of
American control.
• The Philippine-American War was a brutal conflict
marked by guerrilla warfare and atrocities
committed by both sides.
• After the war, the United States embarked on a
policy of "benevolent assimilation," aiming to
integrate the Philippines into the American
system.
American
Influence in
POLITICAL aspect
Introduction to
American-style
democracy
- Political influences of the United States
on the Philippines was the introduction of
a democratic system.
- In 1907, the Philippines held its first
election for the Philippine Assembly.
- 1935 Philippine Constitution was heavily
inspired by the U.S. Constitution.
Introduction to
American-style
democracy
Democracy - the greatest legacy
of the Americans gave us; 3
branches:
- Executive (President)
- Legislative (Senate and Congress)
- Judiciary (DOJ)
Governance and
Leadership
Development
- American governance trained Filipino
leaders in public administration.
- Establishment of local and national

electoral systems
The Tydings-McDuffie Act and
Commonwealth period (1935-1946)
• The Tydings-McDuffie Act of 1934, also known as

the Philippine Independence Act, was a pivotal law
enacted by the U.S. Congress. This law established
the Commonwealth of the Philippines, a transitional
government designed to lead to full independence
after a 10-year period. Filipinos were given more
autonomy, with a president (elected by Filipinos)
and a constitution. Manuel L. Quezon became the
first president of the Commonwealth.
Mutual Treaty and Political
Alignment
• Mutual Defense Treaty (MDT)
signed in 1951. This treaty is a
cornerstone of the Philippines'
defense policy and ensures that
both nations will support each
other in case of an external armed
attack.
Mutual Treaty and Political
• Alignment
The Mutual Defense Treaty (MDT) facilitated the ongoing
presence of the U.S. military in the Philippines,
primarily through American bases like Clark Air Base and
Subic Bay Naval Base. These bases served as crucial
assets during the Cold War era.
American
ECONOMIC aspect
Influence in
ESTABLISHMENT OF
TRADE RELATIONS
• Trade Policies such as the Payne-Aldrich
Tariff Act of 1909 and the Bell Trade Act
of 1946 tied the Philippine economy closely
to the United States. These agreements
favored American goods and businesses, but
also allowed the Philippines to access U.S.
markets.
The Payne-Aldrich Tariff Act was a U.S. law
enacted in 1909 that significantly impacted
the trade relationship between the United
States and its colony, the Philippines. The
Bell Trade Act, passed in 1946 right after
the Philippines gained independence, was
another crucial agreement that shaped the
country's post-colonial economic relationship
with the United States.
The U.S. became the Philippines' largest trading
partner through this relationship, influencing
important export industries, particularly in sugar,
coconut, and other agricultural products.
INFRASTRUCTURE AND
INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT
• One of the major contributions of the American
period was the development of key infrastructures
such as roads, bridges, ports, and railways.
• Apart from infrastructure, the U.S. introduced new
industrial technologies and processes that
contributed to the early industrialization of the
Philippines. Agricultural Mechanization,
manufacturing and industrial sectors, and Mining and
Natural Resource Extraction are the advancements
for the country's modernization.
LONG TERM ECONOMIC
IMPACT
Economic Partnership
• The U.S. remains a top trade partner and source of
investment for the Philippines.
• American businesses continue to play a significant
role in the Philippine economy.
Labor and Migration
• The migration of Filipinos to the U.S. for work,
especially in healthcare, continues to impact the
economy.

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THE AMERICAN

Jaeva Gaile Jumao-as & Jorge Jo

- Establishment of local and national

• The Tydings-McDuffie Act of 1934, also known as

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