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COMPUTER NETWORKS
Computer network refers to a group of
computers linked to each other through communication media such as network cables, telephone lines, modems, Wi-Fi routers, satellites etc. enabling the computers to communicate with one another and also to share their resources, data, and applications. Thereare four main types of computer Networks. They include;
TYPES OF NETWORKS Local Area Network (LAN) Local Area Network refers to a group of computers connected to each other in a small area such as building, office etc.
NOTE A wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) is a LAN based on Wi-Fi wireless Network Technology. Personal Area Network (PAN) Personal Area Network is a network arranged or organized around an individual, typically within a range of 10 meters for personal use only. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) Metropolitan Area Network is a network that covers a larger geographical area by interconnecting different LAN’s to form a larger network. WIDE AREA NETWORK (WAN) Wide Area Network is a type of network that extends over a large geographical area such as states, countries or the entire world. The internet is one of the biggest WAN in the world. NETWORK HARDWARE Server – It is a powerful computer that runs or operates to serve the request of client computers in a network. Client – It is a computer system or software in a network that accesses / request services provided by servers to transfer information. Node: It is a computer or any device such as a printer attached to a network. Router – It is a device that transfers data between computer networks. Switch – It is a device that can connect multiple nodes together within a LAN. Hub – it allows several USB devices to connect to a single node. NETWORK TOPOLOGY Network topology is the physical structure or arrangement of computers /nodes in a network. Examples of network topologies. 1. Star topology 2. Bus topology 3. Ring topology 4. Mesh topology 5. Hybrid topology 6. Tree topology STAR TOPOLOGY In a star topology, each device in the network connects to a central hub, which distributes messages from one node to another. BUS TOPOLOGY The bus topology has a single cable to which every device on the network connects. RING TOPOLOGY A ring topology forms when you connect a network’s nodes in a circle. MESH TOPOLOGY In a mesh topology each device is connected to every other device on the network. Multiple connections are made in this topology. HYBRID TOPOLOGY A combination of two or more topologies is known as hybrid topology. Example is a combination of star and mesh topology. TREE TOPOLOGY A tree topology is a special type of structure where many connected elements are arranged like the branches of a tree. It incorporates elements of both bus and star topologies BENEFITS OF USING NETWORK FACILITIES IN INSTITUTIONS Enables sharing of resources from one computer to another. Helps to create and store files in one computer whiles accessing those files from other computer(s) connected over the network. Helps to connect a printer, scanner or a fax machine to one computer within the network and enables other computers to access or use these connected resources etc. THANKS
