BESCK104E

Introduction to C
Programming

Kavitha Bai A S
Asst.Prof
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
GCEM, Bangalore
E-mail ID: kavitha_cse@gopalancolleges.com
 Course Overview

Course Type (Theory/Practical/Integrated ) CIE Marks 50 + SEE Marks 50 = Total

Integrated Marks100

Total Hours of Pedagogy 40 hours

Credits 03

Exam Hours 3+2

Introduction to
Principles of Programming using C

Welcome to the space where you

will learn to write code from
scratch and visualize your outputs
from mere lines of code.
 • Various Applications of C
programming
.
1.Operating Systems C is a key language for building
operating systems because it lets you access memory and
hardware directly. Well-known systems like UNIX, Linux,
and older versions of Windows were written in C because
of its efficiency.
2.Embedded Systems C is often used in small devices like
microcontrollers found in appliances and cars because it
can easily control hardware and work in systems with
limited resources.
3.GUI (Graphical User Interface) Although languages like
Java and Python are popular for building user interfaces, C
is still important for core parts of GUI systems. Libraries like
GTK and Qt, which are used to create windows, buttons,
and other graphical elements, are built using C or C++.
4.New Programming Platforms Many modern
programming languages, such as C++, C#, and Objective-
C, are based on C. Even new platforms, like Android, use
C and C++ for parts of their systems that need to run fast.
C is often the language of choice for low-level tasks in new
technologies.
•Google Many of Google's main systems are written in C and
C++ because they need to handle a lot of data quickly and
efficiently.
. These languages are used to make sure systems like
Chrome and the V8 JavaScript engine run fast and use
resources wisely.
•Mozilla Firefox Mozilla Firefox relies heavily on C and C++.
The engine that powers the browser, Gecko, is mostly written in
C++. These languages help Firefox stay fast and efficient,
especially when handling tasks like rendering web pages and
managing memory.
•Compiler Design C is often used to build compilers, which
turn programming code into machine code. One of the most
widely used compilers, GCC, is written in C. This is because C
works closely with hardware and memory, making it ideal for
these low-level tasks.

•Gaming Animations C and C++ are popular in game

development due to their speed and control over memory. Many
game engines, like Unreal Engine and Unity, are built using
these languages. They help with complex tasks such as physics
simulations, graphics rendering, and real-time performance, all
of which are key for creating smooth gaming experiences.
 To define C

⚫ It can be defined by the following ways:

1. Mother language : C is often called the "mother language" because it is one of the earliest and most influential programming
languages. Many modern languages, such as C++, Java, Python, and JavaScript, have borrowed concepts, syntax, and features
from C. It has significantly shaped the development of programming languages that followed.
2. System programming language: C is used extensively in system programming, which involves writing software that interacts
directly with hardware and system resources, like operating systems, device drivers, and embedded systems.
3. Procedure-oriented programming language: In procedure-oriented programming (POP), a program is split into smaller
sections called functions. Each function does a specific task. In C, the main program is divided into these smaller functions,
making the code more organized and easier to follow. This way, you can work on each function separately, write it, and test it on its
own, which helps in finding and fixing errors more easily.
4. Structured programming language: C supports structured programming, meaning it allows for the development of clear,
logical, and easily understandable code. It emphasizes dividing a program into blocks or modules (like functions) and follows a
top-down approach. This makes the code more readable, maintainable, and less prone to errors.
5. Mid-level programming language: C is called a mid-level language because it has features of both high-level and low-level
languages. From a high level, it allows you to write clear and organized programs (like structured programming) and work with
data easily. At the same time, it also lets you do low-level tasks like directly managing memory and doing bit-level operations,
which are important for working with hardware and system resources. So, it’s a mix of both worlds!
Why should we learn coding?
⚫ Coding or Programming is a way in
which a human like you or me would
communicate with a computer.
⚫ When you would like a computer to
perform some tasks you have assigned,
the language you need to use is called a
coding language.
What is this subject prerequisite?
⚫Knowledge on flowcharts,
logical and relational
operators and few
mathematical concepts like
quadratic equations,
trigonometric functions.

⚫You can learn this subject

even if you know nothing
about coding.
Course Objectives:

CLO 1. Elucidate the basic architecture and functionalities of a Computer

CLO 2. Apply programming constructs of C language to solve the real-world
problems
CLO 3.Explore user-defined data structures like arrays, structures and pointers in
implementing solutions to problems
CLO 4. Design and Develop Solutions to problems using structured programming
constructs such as functions and procedures
Lesson Plan
⚫ Introduction to Computer Hardware, Overview of C
⚫ Managing Input and Output, Branching, Looping
⚫ Arrays and Strings
⚫ Functions and Recursions
⚫ Structures and Pointers
⚫ Files
Course Syllabus
MODULE 1:
Introduction to C: Introduction to computers, input and output devices, designing efficient
programs.
Introduction to C, Structure of C program, Files used in a C program, Compilers, Compiling
and executing C programs, variables, constants, Input/output statements in C

Example programs – basic c program implementations – mathematical operations, area

findings etc
MODULE 2:
Operators in C, Type conversion and typecasting.
Decision control and Looping statements: Introduction to decision control, Conditional
branching statements, iterative statements, nested loops, break and continue statements, goto
statement.

Example programs – simple calculator, finding largest of two number, finding number is odd or even etc
Course Syllabus
MODULE 3 :
Functions: Introduction using functions, Function definition, function declaration,
function call, return statement,
passing parameters to functions, scope of variables, storage classes, recursive functions.
Arrays: Declaration of arrays, accessing the elements of an array, storing values in arrays,
Operations on arrays, Passing arrays to functions

Basic Algorithms: Searching and Sorting Algorithms (Linear search, Binary search,
Bubble sort and Selection sort).

Example Programs: Finding Factorial of a positive integer, GCD of two numbers and Fibonacci
sequence, algorithm implementations
Course Syllabus
MODULE 4 :
Two dimensional arrays, operations on two-dimensional arrays, two-dimensional arrays to
functions, multidimensional
arrays.
Applications of arrays and introduction to strings:Applications of arrays, case study with
sorting techinques.
Introduction to Strings: Reading strings, writing strings, summary of functions used to
read and write characters. Suppressing input using a Scanset.
Example programs: string application programs, pointer implementation

MODULE 5:
Strings: String taxonomy, operations on strings, Miscellaneous string and character functions,
arrays of strings.
Pointers: Understanding the Computers Memory,Introduction to Pointers, Declaring Pointer
Variables
Structures: Introduction to structures
Example Programs: structure creation ,read and write data in file
Course Outcomes
• CO1. Elucidate the basic architecture and functionalities of a computer
and also recognize the hardware parts.
• CO 2. Apply programming constructs of C language to solve the real
world problem
• CO 3.Explore user-defined data structures like arrays in implementing
solutions to problems like searching and sorting
• CO 4.Explore user-defined data structures like structures, unions and
pointers in implementing solutions
• CO5.Design and Develop Solutions to problems using modular
programming constructs using functions
Expected classroom behaviour
• Maintain good behavior.
• Expected to be interactive.
• Stick to deadlines for assignment and quiz submissions.
• Be serious about attendance
• No disruption in class.
 Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE)
MARKS

IAT (3) 60

ASSIGNMENT (2) 20

Lab (20) 20 (15 Marks for Conduction, 5M for IA)

Each experiment report can be evaluated for 10
marks. Marks of all experiments’ write-ups are added
and scaled down to 15 marks
TOTAL 100

Scale down to 50 marks

Three IA – 50marks, reduced to 20 each

Assignment: Mini Project, Certification Course
 SEE (Semester End Examination)
Theory SEE will be conducted by University as per the scheduled timetable, with common
question papers for the subject (duration 03 hours)

1. The question paper will have ten questions. Each question is set for 20 marks.
Marks scored shall be proportionally reduced to 50 marks.
2. There will be 2 questions from each module. Each of the two questions under a
module (with a maximum of 3 sub-questions), should have a mix of topics under that
module.
3. The students have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full question from
each module
 Assessment Details (both CIE and SEE)
weightage Min marks Max marks

Continuous Internal Evaluation 40% 20 50

(CIE)
Semester End Exam (SEE) 35% 18 50

Total = CIE + SEE 40% 40 100

The weightage of Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) is 50% and for Semester End Exam (SEE) is
50%. The minimum passing mark for the CIE is 40% of the maximum marks (20 marks). A student shall
be deemed to have satisfied the academic requirements and earned the credits allotted to each subject/
course if the student secures not less than 35% ( 18 Marks out of 50)in the semester-end
examination(SEE), and a minimum of 40% (40 marks out of 100) in the sum total of the CIE
(Continuous Internal Evaluation) and SEE (Semester End Examination) taken together.
Textbooks & Reference Books
Textbooks
1. Computer fundamentals and programming in c, “Reema Thareja”, Oxford
University, Second edition,2017.

Reference Books:
1. E. Balaguruswamy, Programming in ANSI C, 7th Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill.
2. Brian W. Kernighan and Dennis M. Ritchie, The ‘C’ Programming Language,
Prentice Hall of India.

Web links and Video Lectures (e-Resources):

1. elearning.vtu.ac.in/econtent/courses/video/BS/15PCD23.html
2. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/106/105/106105171/ MOOC courses can be adopted
for more clarity in understanding the topics and verities of problem solving
methods.
Some useful links
Online compilers: https://repl.it/~
MOOC:
https://nptel.ac.in/courses/106105171
Websites for Competitive coding questions / Challenging projects
⚫ www.hackerearth.com
⚫ www.hackerrank.com
⚫ www.codechef.com
For aptitude
⚫ www.indiabix.com
Website that will help for placements:*
⚫ www.w3resource.com/sql-exercises/sql-retrive-from-table-table.php#SQLEDITOR
⚫ www.indiabix.com
⚫ www.w3schools.com
⚫ www.geeksforgeeks.com
THANK YOU