Learn Input and Output

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Starter
What code word would you need to ask the user to enter their name?
Theory Past Paper Mark Scheme Video

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What code word would you need to ask the user to enter their name?
input
Theory Past Paper Mark Scheme Video

Edexcel iGCSE Computer
Science
2.4.1 Input & Output

Syllabus
Learning Objectives
Understand how to write code that accepts user input
Understand how to write code that responds to user input
Understand how to format both input and output statements

Textbook Reference
Although there are lots of resources available for this

qualification, your lessons refer to this textbook.
Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9-1)
Computer Science Student Book
2.4.1 pages 34 - 58
Making programs responsive
So far, you’ve been writing code that simply performs an action or calculation.
However, for programs to be truly useful, people need to be able to interact with them
when they are running.
This is where the input() function comes in.

Input
Let’s have a look at how input() works using an example.
Here is a program: name =

"Eric"
print(name)
To make it more useful, we want the user to type in their name.
To do this, we use the input function like this:
name = input("Enter your name:

")
print(name)
The input() function
This is the variable This is the input

where the data will be prompt. You should
stored. Remember to use it to give
make its name useful. instructions to the user.
name = input("Enter your name: ")
The = is the
assignment symbol. This is the function.
It means ‘is given the Be careful with
value of’. You’ve spelling and use
used it before. lower case letters.
Input() and data types
By default, the input() function gives back a string .

We can see this if we inspect the data type of the variable.
This is fine if you’re just working with text, but what if you want to work with other data types?
Type conversion is the answer. Python contains functions that allow you to change the data type of the
variable.
Type conversion
What do you think each of these functions do?
int() Convert to integer

str() Convert to string
float() Convert to floating point number
bool() (real)
Convert to Boolean
The input() function and type
conversion
This is the variable

where the data will
be stored.
age = int(input("Enter your age in years:

"))
The int is the type conversion. Notice

how the original input() function is
nested inside another set of brackets.
Creating output
Sometimes you need to output more than one value on a line.

You can still use print() to do this.
height = int(input("Enter height:
"))
width = int(input("Enter width : Enter height: 4
")) Enter width : 2
area = height * width The area is 8
print("The area is", area)
Use a comma to separate the string (which is inside quotes) and the variable.
You can do this multiple times in a single line if necessary.

<string>.format()
In Python you can use the <string>.format() function to modify the look of a string when it is output.
The format function allows programmers to substitute variables into strings and add positional formatting.
It makes output more readable and user friendly .
Recall that the print() function displays one line of text to the screen (and also starts a new line).
Combined, these two functions can produce rows of output text that are formatted in the layout needed.
<string>.format() usage
Format works by putting placeholders into a string, defined by { }, and calling the <string>.format()
function.
Outputs:
You can do this with other data types and with multiple placeholders, like so:
Outputs:
You can also specify which element you want to include in the place holder using an index value.
This code will output:
You can also add variable names to the items in the format function so that these are used in the
placeholder, like so:
This code will output:

You can also specify the data type of a value, like so:
This code outputs.
Limit to two
decimal places
Let’s look closer at this:
Convert to float
Selects first
item in format
Plenary
Use the following summary and video link to make notes for your Apply task.
https://student.craigndave.org/videos/gcse-edexcel-topic-6b-user-input-and-display-output
Plenary
Use the following summary and video link to make notes for your Apply task.
https://student.craigndave.org/videos/gcse-edexcel-topic-6b-formatting-and-customising-string-output
Syllabus
APPLY TASK
Check your ‘to do’ list
for your Apply task
Deadline 1 week
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This lesson is

Theory Past Paper Mark Scheme Video

Theory Past Paper Mark Scheme Video

2.4.1 Input & Output

Understand how to write code that accepts user input

Understand how to write code that responds to user input

Understand how to format both input and output statements

Although there are lots of resources available for this

This is where the input() function comes in.

Let’s have a look at how input() works using an example.

Here is a program: name =

To do this, we use the input function like this:

name = input("Enter your name:

This is the variable This is the input

name = input("Enter your name: ")

By default, the input() function gives back a string .

What do you think each of these functions do?

int() Convert to integer

This is the variable

age = int(input("Enter your age in years:

The int is the type conversion. Notice

Sometimes you need to output more than one value on a line.

You can do this multiple times in a single line if necessary.

This code will output:

This code will output:

This code outputs.

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