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Inheritance in Java

Inheritance in Java

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S.KAVITHA COMPUTERSCIENCE
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6 views

Inheritance in Java

Inheritance in Java

Uploaded by

S.KAVITHA COMPUTERSCIENCE
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Inheritance in Java

S.Kavitha
Head & Assistant Professor
Department of Computer Science
Sri Sarada Niketan College of Science for
Women,Karur.
• Inheritance in Java is a mechanism in which one
object acquires all the properties and behaviors of
a parent object. It is an important part of OOPs
(Object Oriented programming system).
• The idea behind inheritance in Java is that you can
create new classes that are built upon existing
classes. When you inherit from an existing class,
you can reuse methods and fields of the parent
class. Moreover, you can add new methods and
fields in your current class also.
• Inheritance represents the IS-A relationship which
is also known as a parent-child relationship.
Why use inheritance in java
• For Method Overriding (so
runtime polymorphism can be achieved).
• For Code Reusability.
Terms used in Inheritance
• Class: A class is a group of objects which have common
properties. It is a template or blueprint from which objects
are created.
• Sub Class/Child Class: Subclass is a class which inherits the
other class. It is also called a derived class, extended class,
or child class.
• Super Class/Parent Class: Superclass is the class from where
a subclass inherits the features. It is also called a base class
or a parent class.
• Reusability: As the name specifies, reusability is a
mechanism which facilitates you to reuse the fields and
methods of the existing class when you create a new class.
You can use the same fields and methods already defined in
the previous class.
The syntax of Java Inheritance
class Subclass-name extends Superclass-name
{
//methods and fields
}
• The extends keyword indicates that you are
making a new class that derives from an
existing class. The meaning of "extends" is to
increase the functionality.
Java Inheritance Example
• Programmer is the subclass and Employee is
the superclass.
• The relationship between the two classes
is Programmer IS-A Employee.
• It means that Programmer is a type of
Employee.
class Employee{
float salary=40000;
}
class Programmer extends Employee{
int bonus=10000;
public static void main(String args[]){
Programmer p=new Programmer();
System.out.println("Programmer salary is:"+p.salary);
System.out.println("Bonus of Programmer is:"+p.bonus);
}
}
Programmer salary is:40000.0
Bonus of programmer is:10000

In the above example, Programmer object can access the field of own class as
well as of Employee class i.e. code reusability.
Types of inheritance in java
• On the basis of class, there can be three types
of inheritance in java: single, multilevel and
hierarchical.
• In java programming, multiple and hybrid
inheritance is supported through interface
only. We will learn about interfaces later.
Note: Multiple inheritance is not supported in
Java through class.
• When one class inherits multiple classes, it is
known as multiple inheritance. For Example:
Single Inheritance Example
• When a class inherits another class, it is
known as a single inheritance.
• In the example given below, Dog class inherits
the Animal class, so there is the single
inheritance.
class Animal{
void eat(){System.out.println("eating...");}
}
class Dog extends Animal{
void bark(){System.out.println("barking...");}
}
class TestInheritance{
public static void main(String args[]){
Dog d=new Dog();
d.bark();
d.eat();
}}
Output:
barking...
eating...
Multilevel Inheritance Example
• When there is a chain of inheritance, it is
known as multilevel inheritance.
• As you can see in the example given below,
BabyDog class inherits the Dog class which
again inherits the Animal class, so there is a
multilevel inheritance.
class Animal{
void eat(){System.out.println("eating...");}
}
class Dog extends Animal{
void bark(){System.out.println("barking...");}
}
class BabyDog extends Dog{
void weep(){System.out.println("weeping...");}
}
class TestInheritance2{
public static void main(String args[]){
BabyDog d=new BabyDog();
d.weep();
d.bark();
d.eat();
}}
Output:
weeping...
barking...
eating...
Hierarchical Inheritance Example
• When two or more classes inherits a single
class, it is known as hierarchical inheritance.
• In the example given below, Dog and Cat
classes inherits the Animal class, so there is
hierarchical inheritance.
class Animal{
void eat(){System.out.println("eating...");}
}
class Dog extends Animal{
void bark(){System.out.println("barking...");}
}
class Cat extends Animal{
void meow(){System.out.println("meowing...");}
}
class TestInheritance3{
public static void main(String args[]){
Cat c=new Cat();
c.meow();
c.eat();
//c.bark();//C.T.Error
}}
Output:
meowing...
eating...

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