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    Week 1&2

    Uploaded by

    Goran Ali

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    Week 1&2

    Uploaded by

    Goran Ali
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    4 views17 pages

    Week 1&2

    Uploaded by

    Goran Ali

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
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    Northern Technical University

    DIGITAL
    Technical Engineering College of Kirkuk

    CONTROL
    SYSTEMS
    4th Grade
    Assis.Lec. Goran A.Namuq
    Week 1&2
    Syllabus
    ■ Introduction to Digital Control Systems (Basics of continuous vs. digital
    controllers, Digital control system structure (A/D and D/A converters))
    ■ Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog Conversions ( Processes
    involved in converting signals between analog and digital forms,
    Quantization and conversion methods)
    ■ Discrete Time Systems (Representations using difference equations, Z-
    transforms, and state-space models, Sampled data systems and their
    analysis.
    ■ Z-Transform ( Mathematical operations in digital control such as time-
    shifting and scaling, Properties and applications of Z-transform in control
    systems)
    ■ Sample and Hold Circuits (The function of sample-and-hold in digital
    systems, used for discretization)
    ■ Pulse Transfer Functions (Analysis of digital systems with pulse inputs
    and the determination of transfer functions)
    ■ Stability Analysis (Techniques such as Jury’s stability test and Routh-
    Hurwitz methods for analyzing system stability in the Z-plane.)
    ■ State-Space Analysis (Conversion from transfer functions to state-space
    representations and vice versa, Solving state equations in discrete systems)
    Introduction to Digital Control
    System
    ■ Digital control systems use digital computers or microcontrollers to
    control a dynamic system
    ■ How it Works: Signals from sensors are converted from analog to
    digital, processed by the controller, and then converted back to
    analog to drive the system.
    Example

    Block diagram of Liquid level control system


    Example

    Block diagram of Liquid level digital control system


    ■ Contact Information ( gorannamuq@ntu.edu.iq)
    ■ Degrees Division of total 100% (Midterm 50% ( Activities 10
    degree, Practical Exam 10 degree, 30 Degree for quizzes and exams )
    , (Final 50 degrees ( 10 degrees for practical exam, 40 degrees for
    Theoretical exam)
    ■ Reference ( Digital control system, Analysis and design By Charlie
    Philip and Troy Nagle)
    Advantages of digital controllers
    over analog controllers
    ■
    1-Easily reprogrammed (in an analog control circuit, changing resistors /
    capacitors).
    2-Easier to implement complicated algorithms.
    3- Integration with remote systems and digital communications.
    4 - cost is going down and speed is going up.
    5 - Noise immunity.
    Analog -To - Digital conversion (A/D)
    ADC- Analog to Digital converter

    ■ Define/ converts continuous analog signals into digital form for


    processing by digital devices or systems.
    ■ Example/ A temperature sensor, like a thermistor, produces an analog
    voltage based on temperature changes. An ADC converts this analog
    voltage into digital data, which can be processed by a microcontroller
    to display the temperature on a screen or trigger actions like
    activating a cooling system.
    ADC- Analog to Digital converter
    Analog -To - Digital conversion (A/D)
    Digital To Analog Converter
    (DAC)
    ■ Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) is an electronic device or circuit
    that converts digital signals, typically binary data, into corresponding
    analog signals such as voltage or current. DACs are used in systems
    where digital information needs to be transformed into a continuous
    analog signal for real-world applications, like driving audio speakers or
    controlling motors.
    ■ In a temperature control system, a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC)
    can be used with a heat sensor and a heating element. For example, a
    microcontroller receives digital data from a temperature sensor and
    determines the required heating level. The DAC converts the digital
    control signal into an analog voltage, which is then used to adjust the
    power delivered to the heating element, regulating the temperature
    based on the sensor readings.
    Digital To Analog Converter
    (DAC)
    Digital To Analog Converter
    (DAC)
    Digital To Analog Converter
    (DAC)
    Digital To Analog Converter
    (DAC)
    Digital To Analog Converter
    (DAC)

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