Excretion (1)

Human biology
THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM

EXCRETION
LO –EXPLORE THE STRUCTURE OF EXCRETORY
SYSTEM AND ITS FUNCTIONS.
SUCCESS CRITERIA
 Identify in diagrams and images the parts of the
excretory system
 Outline the structure and function of kidney and its
associated blood vessels.
Glossary words
◦ bladder ◦Cells Suggest a
◦ Blood vessels
◦↓↓ phrase that
◦ Excretion
◦Tissue could be used
◦ Excretory system
to link the two
◦ Kidney ◦↓↓
words
◦ Organ system
◦Organ
◦ Renal systems For eg-
◦ Urea
◦↓↓
cells of the same type
◦ Ureter ◦Organ system and
Grouped together to
◦ Urethra ◦↓↓ form a tissue
◦ Urinate
◦organism
◦ urine
Q What is necessary for life? WATER
Q How water helps the body and what happens
when we drink water.
EXCRETION
◦ The removal of metabolic wastes from living organisms. These include:
- toxic materials,
- the waste products of metabolism and
- substanc
es in excess of requirements.
METABOLISM MEANS ALL CHEMICAL REACTIONS IN THE BODY

“waste” In partners discuss what the
word means and brainstorm types of body
waste.
EXCRETORY PRODUCTS
Exretory products
Incidental losses
◦LUNGS Carbon
dioxide wáter
◦KIDNEYS Urea, water, salts, toxins,
hormones, drugs
◦LIVER Bile pigments
◦
Substances that needed to be
excreted
What is Excretion?substance source Organ Effect
of
• Excretion is the removal excre
of toxic materials, the tion
waste products of Carbon Respiration in Lungs Excess
metabolism and excess dioxide living cells carbon
materials. dioxide is
toxic.
• Metabolism means the Urea, Breakdown of Kidney
chemical processes going nitrogenous excess amino acid
on in the body. waste by the liver
• One type of waste is not Excess salt Food and drink Kidney
and water and
excreted from the body - skin
faeces! It is egested (the Bile pigment, Breakdown liver
removal of undigested bilirubin hemoglobin
food)
12/09/2024 6
Identify the structure of the kidney
Function of the Excretory
System
The human excretory system functions to remove waste from the human
body.
During this process animals get rid of nitrogenous waste products of
metabolism, including ammonia, urea, and uric acid.
Although excretory systems are diverse, nearly all produce urine in a
process that involves several steps.
This system consists of specialized structures and capillary networks that
assist in the excretory process.
The human excretory system includes the kidney and its functional unit,
the nephron.
The excretory activity of the kidney is changed by specialized hormones
that regulate the amount of absorption within th e kidney.
TASK- BE CREATIVE :PRESENT IT IN THE FORM OF SPIDER DIAGRAM OR ANY OTHER
WAY
PARTS OF THE BODY INVOLVED IN
EXCRETION
◦ kidneys :
◦ regulate water & mineral salts concentration
◦ skin :
◦ regulate body temperature

◦ liver & pancreas :
◦ regulate blood glucose level
Lungs
removes carbon dioxide and
water vapour
The Urinary
System
 Located both sides
of the spine
 Blood enters the
kidneys through
renal arteries and
leaves through renal
veins.
 Tubes called ureters
carry waste products
from the kidneys to
the urinary bladder
for storage or for
release
 During urination,
urine is expelled
from the urinary
bladder through the
urethra.
PLENARY
◦https://scichamp.com/Biology%20games/Excretory%20system/
LO:To describe how kidneys filter blood to remove urea, which is excreted in
urine
EXCRETION
LO –FIND OUT HOW THE KIDNEYS EXCRETE UREA
AND OTHER WASTES
SUCCESS CRITERIA
 describe how kidneys filter blood
to remove urea, which is excreted in urine
 DESCRIBE HOW FILTERATION AND
REABSORPTION HAPPEN IN NEPHRON
Identify the structure of the kidney
CROSS SECTION OF KIDNEY
TASK 2 – EXAMINE THE PROCESS OF URINE FORMATION
WEB LINK How the kidney works (abpischools.org.uk)
NEPHRON
AND
REABSORPTIO
N
Describe the process
of filtration and
reabsorption
◦What the term ‘excretion’ means in terms of the human
renal system; ‘excretion’ can sometimes be confused with
‘egestion’.
◦ Excretion always means getting rid of products made in the
body whereas egestion means is the process of voiding
undigested food.
◦Urine and faeces are analogous.
◦Urine is produced from urea that has been absorbed into the
blood and then is excreted. Faeces are largely made of waste
materials that have not been absorbed into the blood and are
egested.
◦‘dirty’ blood is filtered to make the blood ‘clean’.

◦Correct terminology is filtering removes a waste product
(urea) from the blood but the blood itself if not ‘dirty’.
◦‘urea’ and ‘urine’ urea dissolves to form a solution of urine.

EXTENSION:How urea is made in the liver
LESSON 3 Kidney problems
Activity –Detecting Kidney diseases
Write a plan for your experiments

Write a risk assessment for your experiment
After your plan has been checked by a teacher, carry out your plan using different
samples of urine and record your results in a table.
Make a conclusion about which urine sample was from someone with kidney disease.
Make a conclusion about which urine sample was from someone with kidney disease.
Discuss your ideas with others in group and agree on one further investigation that you
could do
What will
happen if
one of
your
kidney
fail to
function?
Dialysis Blood is removed by a
tube and pumped through
special tubing that acts
like nephrons.
Tiny pores in the tubing
allow salts and small
molecules to pass through.
Wastes diffuse out of the
blood into the fluid-filled
chamber, allowing purified
blood to be returned to the
body.
https://www.abpischools.
org.uk/topics/homeostasi
s-kidneys-and-water-bala
nce/what-is-dialysis/
TASK3: TO
INTERPRET
RESULTS AND FORM
CONCLUSIONS
USING SCIENTIFIC
KNOWLEDGE AND
UNDERSTANDING
What will happen if
both your kidneys
fail to function?
◦ Kidney
transplantation
means replacement
of the failed
kidneys with a
working kidney
from another
person, called a
donor.
◦ Kidney
transplantation is
not a complete
cure, although
many people who
Homework
Draw a flow chart to
explain how urea is
removed from the
blood and leaves the
body
SCIENCE IN CONTEXT
If there is a dialysis centre
near you, it may be worth
contracting them for some
information like
- The number of people they
see each week
- Why those people come
- How long their dialysis takes

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Human biology

THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM

METABOLISM MEANS ALL CHEMICAL REACTIONS IN THE BODY

◦ regulate body temperature

WEB LINK How the kidney works (abpischools.org.uk)

◦‘dirty’ blood is filtered to make the blood ‘clean’.

◦‘urea’ and ‘urine’ urea dissolves to form a solution of urine.

Activity –Detecting Kidney diseases

Write a plan for your experiments

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