LESSON 14

ENVIRONMENTAL
EDUCATION, PROTECTION
AND MANAGEMENT
ENVIRONMENT
 ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
 Save our Mother Earth
 Preservation and Conservation
 Provide solutions
 Inculcate to our minds to love,
care and nurture
Environmental education,
information and advocacy
activities – solution on
Environmental Crisis
 ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
Definition
 It is a process of teaching and
learning, helping to acquire
understanding skills and values
that makes them active and
informed citizens in the
development and maintenance of
an ecological, sustainable and
socially just society.
 ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
Goal
 to have environmentally literate and
responsible citizenry who will ensure
the protection and the improvement
of the environment and bring about
sustainability, social equity and
economic efficiency in the use of the
country’s natural resources.
 ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
Goal
 people must develop a sympathetic
attitude towards the diversity and
sustainability of resources on earth
for the survival and stability of life.
ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
Objectives
 ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
Objectives
 The learners must consider
environment in its totality-
natural and built, technological
and social (economic, political,
cultural, historical, moral and
aesthetic)
 Environmental
education must be:
a) Action-oriented – it should involve
finding solutions to real
environmental problems and issues
b) Experiential – it should use variety
of approaches and environments
c) Future-oriented – it must be
concerned with the present and
future generations.
 Environmental
education must be:
d) Globally-oriented – it must
consider the whole earth as one
ecosystem
e) Holistic – it must deal with the
natural and man-made aspect of the
environment
f) Interdisciplinary – it must relate to
all disciplines
 Environmental
education must be:
g) Issue-oriented – it must deal with
local, regional, national and global
perspective
 Classification and
Sources of Pollution
 Classification and
Sources of Pollution
 Pollution – the alteration of our
surroundings, wholly or largely
as product of man’s action,
through direct or indirect effects
of changes in every patter
chemical and physical
constituents of organism.
 Classification and
Sources of Pollution
A. Air Pollution
 become worldwide phenomenon.
 can cause major health problem and even
death.
 Classification and
Sources of Pollution
A. Air Pollution

 is defined as physical and

chemical alteration of the
properties of air, which is
harmful to human health,
vegetation and animals.
 A. Air Pollution
Types
 Outdoor Pollution is a type of
pollution derived from the mixture if
collection of additional loads of
chemical produced by natural events
and human activities which react
with the natural components of the
atmosphere thereby producing
harmful effects to living system
 A. Air Pollution
Source of Outdoor Pollution
• Burning of fossil fuels fro power
consumption
• Photochemical and industrial smog
• Volcanic eruption to emit sulfuric dioxide
and suspended particulates
• Forest fire, kaingin
• Evaporation of volatile organic
compounds from decaying organic
matters
•
 A. Air Pollution
Classes Air Pollutants
Pollutants Common Members
Carbon Oxide (CO) Carbon Monoxde (CO),
Carbon Dioxide (CO2),
Sulfur dioxide (SO2), Sulfur
Trioxide (SO3)

Nitrogen Oxide Nitric Oxide (NO), Nitrogen

Oxide (NO2), Nitrous oxide
(N2O)
VOC’s (Volatile Organic Methane (CH4), Butane
Compound) (C4H10)
 A. Air Pollution
Classes Air Pollutants
Pollutants Common Members
SPM (Suspended Dust, soot (carbon),
Particulates Matter) Asbestos, Lead (Pb),
Chromium (Cr),
Arsenic (As)
Liquid Droplets Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4),
Nitric Acid (HNO3)

Photochemical DDT, malathion, etc.

Oxidants Ozone (O3)
 A. Air Pollution
Indoor Pollution
 a type of pollution derived from
the accumulation or build up of
chemical, SPM, VOC’s inside the
office, buildings, houses, school,
commercial store that are
harmful top health
 A. Air Pollution
Indoor Pollution
Sources Class / Heath
Types Threat
Aerosol Trichloroeth Breathing
sprays ane difficulty
Chlorine Chloroform Cancer
treated
water
Air freshener Par- Cancer
crystal & chlorobenze
 A. Air Pollution
Indoor Pollution
Sources Class / Types Heath
Threat
Tobacco & Nicotine Lung cancer,
cigarettes heart diseases
Carpets and Styrene Liver and
plastic kidney
products damage
Paint stripper Methylene Diabetes and
and thinner nerve disorder
 A. Air Pollution
Indoor Pollution
Sources Class / Heath
Types Threat
Gas stove, Nitrogen Respiratory
kerosene, oxide disorder
heater,
woodstone
Dry cleaning Tetrachloroe Nerve, liver
fluids thylene and kidnet
damage
 B. Water Pollution
 as the physical or chemical changes in
the surface and ground water caused
by pollutants that can adversely affect
living organisms.
 Every year 14 billion pounds of
sewage, sludge, and garbage are
dumped into the world’s oceans. The
problem of the ocean pollution affects
every nation around the world. This is
true because water is able to transport
pollution from one location to another.
 B. Water Pollution
 As the world has industrialized and its
population has grown, the problem of
water pollution has intensified.
 B. Water Pollution
Major Sources
1. Point Source – a source of
pollution that discharges pollutants
or any affluent, such as waste water,
through pipes, ditches and sewers
into bodies of water to specific
location.
Sources: Sewage treatment plants of
factories, electric power plants,
abandoned underground coal oil
tanker offshore oil wells and mine.
B. Water Pollution
Major Sources
 B. Water Pollution
Major Sources
2. Non-point Source – sources of
pollution that are widely scattered
and discharges pollutants over a
large area.
Sources: run off into surface water,
seepage into ground water in urban
and suburban lands, construction
areas and roadways, etc.
 Common Types of Water
Pollutants and its Sources
 Disease causing organism
(bacteria, viruses protozoa and
parasites)
 Oxygen demanding wastes
(domestic sewage, animal manure)
 Water soluble inorganic chemicals
(acid, slats, toxic metals, etc.)
 Common Types of Water
Pollutants and its Sources
 Inorganic plant nutrients (water
soluble nitrate and phosphate
salt)
 Organic chemicals (insoluble and
water soluble oil, gasoline,
plastic, pesticides, solvents,
etc.)
 Common Types of Water
Pollutants and its Sources
 Sediments of suspended matter
(insoluble pesticide of soil, salt
and other inorganic and organic
materials that can remain
suspended in water.)
 Radioactive substances (Radon
222 and uranium)
 C. Solid Wastes/ Land Pollution
 This type of pollution is refers to
the presence in land of any solid
waste in such quality, of such
nature and duration, and under
such conditions that would
injurious to human health or
welfare, animal or plantlike or
property.
 C. Solid Wastes/ Land Pollution

Solid waste disposal is an issue for

all countries. Most countries
produce millions of tons of
household wastes and industrial
toxic wastes from factories,
industries and hospitals.
C. Solid Wastes/ Land Pollution
 C. Solid Wastes/ Land Pollution
 These wastes are polluting the
air, soil and water because most
countries and communities do
not have means of safety
disposing it. When solid wastes
are burned, toxic gases spread
into the air, causing air pollution.
 C. Solid Wastes/ Land Pollution
 The dumping of some waste can be
dangerous for public health because
acids and non-decomposable
organic materials seep through the
soil and contaminate the drinking
water and pollute farming land. As a
result waste or garbage causes
dangers to public health. Solid
waste takes up space and produces
unpleasant smells.
 Citizens should divide
their ways and garbage
into four categories:
1. Combustibles
2. Non-combustibles
3. Recyclable
4. Hazardous wastes
Hazardous wastes
 Solid Waste and its Disposal

There are only three places for

wastes to end up:
 In the ground
 In the air
 Some of our waste end up in
each place
 Solid Waste and its Disposal
 Landfills – sanitary landfills is
designed to reduce the amount of
waste that leaks out to the
environment. It protects the
environment from pollution and
uses the methane produced in the
landfill to generate electricity.
Water dissolves pollutants out of
the garbage forming a solution
known as leachate.
 Solid Waste and its Disposal

 Incineration - reducing
solid waste by burning it
first and this causes fly
ash, gases and particulate
matter to the air.
 Solid Waste and its Disposal
 Ocean dumping – about 50
million tons of waste a year
are discharge into the ocean;
300km offshore. Disease-
causing organisms and heavy
metals have destroyed
numerous fisheries.
Ocean dumping
Great Pacific Garbage Patch
 THE 4R’s OF WASTE
MANAGEMENT – A
GUIDING PRINCIPLE
 Reduce
Avoid wasteful consumption of
goods. Begins by asking the
question “Do I really need it?” In so
doing, we minimize waste and
conserve natural resources.
Conservation like charity begins at
home.
 THE 4R’s OF WASTE
MANAGEMENT – A
GUIDING PRINCIPLE
 Reuse
Whenever practicable reuse
items that is useful instead of
throwing them away. It would
greatly help if we patronize
goods that are reusable, rather
than throw away types.
 THE 4R’s OF WASTE
MANAGEMENT – A
GUIDING PRINCIPLE
 Recycle
Waste can be valuable resource.
Items that are useless or of very little
value to someone who wants to dispose of
them are very often of significant value to
others to another setting and or time. The
process whereby portions of these wastes
are sorted out and used for something of
benefit is called recycling.
 THE 4R’s OF WASTE
MANAGEMENT – A
GUIDING PRINCIPLE
 Repair
Whenever items that
are reusable and need
for repair to make it
functional instead of
throwing it.
 Simple and effective ways of
4R’s
(Personal Waste Management)
 Avoid over-packed goods
 Avoid disposable goods such as
throw-away razors ,
pens ,diapers, and lately
disposable camera
 Buy food in bulk. Patronize
whose contents are refillable

 Simple and effective ways of
4R’s
(Personal Waste Management)
 Patronize recycled and recyclable
goods.
 Patronize products that are made
from renewable rather than non-
renewable resources
 Simple and effective ways of
4R’s
(Personal Waste Management)
 When buying products such as
shampoos and other toiletries, choose
those with little packing as possible
 In cases of cardboard packaging choose
products which comes in brown, grey or
those that specify that they are made
from recycled materials
 Recycle paper
 The 4R’s ecology:
Strategy in attaining ecological
sustainability at school
community based Projects
 School community can suffer from
same pollutions problems as homes. A
school-community administrator has
many needs to attend but inspire of
these, he must be able to “green up”
environment by sponsoring to
Cleaning, Greening and
Beautifying program
 4R’s must be attained in
community and in school.
 To reduce means to reasonably
limit or conserve the use of
materials for more important
projects
 To reuse is to “use again” the
materials that are non-
biodegradable, reusable and
recyclable.
 4R’s must be attained in
community and in school.
 To recycle is to reuse after the
materials had been processed
either to new products or similar
products
 To repair is to
reconstruct/restructure and
reinstall
equipment/appliances/gadgets
that are still repairable to its
 EARTH CHARTER FOR A
SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENT
DEVELOPMENT
 In recognition in World
Environmental Month, Environmental
leaders from around the world seek
to implement the earth charter for
sustainable development and living
and to spread the word about
environmental awareness.
 EARTH CHARTER
16 Principles
 Respect earth and life in all its
diversity
 Care for the community of life with
understanding, compassion and love
 Build democratic societies that are
just participatory, sustainable and
peaceful
 Secure earths bounty and beauty for
future and present generations
 EARTH CHARTER
16 Principles
 Protect and restore the integrity of
earth’s ecological system, with
special concern for biological diversity
and natural processes that sustain
life.
 Prevent harm as the best method of
environmental protection and when
knowledge is limited, apply a
precautionary approach
 EARTH CHARTER
16 Principles
 Adopt patterns of production,
consumption and reproduction that
safeguard earth’s regenerative
capacities, human rights and
community well being
 Advance the study of ecological
sustainability and promote the open
exchange and wide application of
knowledge acquired
 EARTH CHARTER
16 Principles
 Eradicate poverty as ethical, social
and environmental imperative
 Ensure that economic activities and
institutions at all levels promote
human development in an equitable
and sustainable manner
 EARTH CHARTER
16 Principles
 Affirm gender equality and equity as
perquisites to sustainable
development and ensure universal
access to education, health care and
economic opportunity
 EARTH CHARTER
16 Principles
 Uphold the right of all, without
discrimination, to a natural social
environment supportive of human
dignity, bodily health and spiritual
well-being, with special attention to
the plight of indigenous people and
minorities
 EARTH CHARTER
16 Principles
 Strengthen democratic institutions at
all levels, and provide transparency
and accountability in governance,
inclusive participation in decision-
making, and access to justice
 Integrate into formal education and
lifelong the learning the knowledge ,
values and skills needed for
sustainable way of life
 EARTH CHARTER
16 Principles
 Treat all the living beings with
respect and consideration
 Promote culture of tolerance,
nonviolence and peace