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Nervous System
NERVOUS SYSTEM Definition It is the system which control all the voluntary and involuntary activities of the body. It received information process them, and transmit impulses to control various bodily function. Classification of nervous system 1. Central Nervous System (CNS) Brain forebrain Cerebrum Diencephalon (thalamus, metathalamus, epithalamus, hypothalamus and subthalamus) Mid brain Hind brain Pons , medulla oblongata and cerebellum. Spinal Cord Peripheral Nervous system Cranial and Spinal nerves
Autonomic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system Parasympathetic nervous system Neuron Definition It is basic structural and functional unit of Nerves system. Parts of Neuron There are three types of typical neuron as follow Soma It is the cell body of neuron. Axon These carry impulses away from cell body. Dendrites These carry impulses toward the cell body.
Types of Typical Neuron
There are three types of neuron 1. Sensory neuron 2. Motor neuron 3. Associated neuron A. Sensory neuron They have long dendrites called Dendron and short axon. They carry impulse from receptors to the central nervous system(CNS).
B. Motor neuron They have long axon and short dendrites. They carry impulses from central nervous system to the effectors.
C. Associated neuron They serve as a link between sensory and motor neuron Myelin sheath In some cases the fiber is surrounded by myelin sheath and thin membrane. The both are interrupted at regular interval by constriction or nodes. The sheath prevent distribution of impulses to the adjusted fiber and enhances the rate of conduction. Human nervous system has 10-12 billion neurons. Neurons cannot divided to form new cells. Synapse It is the connection between two neurons lining a microscopic gap between them.
It has two types.
Pre Synaptic Neuron Post Synaptic Neuron According the communication bases Axo-somatic This is axon synapse with cell body Axo-dendrites This is axon synapse with dendrites Axo-axonic This is axon synapse with axon. A nerves impulse passes from one neuron to an other through a synapse and impulse reached at the end of one neuron. Some chemicals in next neuron. These chemicals are calledNeurotransmitter eg., Acetyl choline and Dopamine.
