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Text-Processing-For-NLP-Understanding-Regex (7)

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25 views

Text-Processing-For-NLP-Understanding-Regex (7)

Uploaded by

Maaz Sayyed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Text Processing For NLP

Understanding Regex

In this presentation, we will explore the power of regular expressions in


Natural Language Processing (NLP) and how they can be applied to
extract and preprocess data.
Getting Started with Regex
Learn the basics of Regular Expressions, including patterns, characters, metacharacters,
escaping, and character classes.

Metacharacter Character Quantifiers


atterns and Characters s and Classes and and Repetition
Escaping Ranges
Unleash the Understand how
Discover how to Master the art power of to use
use regex to of escaping character quantifiers and
find specific special classes and repetition to
patterns of characters in ranges for match patterns
characters in regex and when matching of characters
textual data. to use different types with specific
metacharacters. of characters lengths.
and numbers.
Patterns and Characters
• Introduction to Patterns: Regular expressions (regex) use patterns to match and
manipulate text. These patterns consist of characters and metacharacters that define
specific search criteria.
• Literal Characters: Literal characters in a regex pattern match the exact characters
themselves. For example, the pattern "apple" matches the word "apple" in the text.
• Character Sets: Character sets allow matching any one of a set of characters. The
pattern "[aeiou]" matches any vowel in the text.
• Escaping Special Characters: Special characters like ".", "$", and "^" have special
meanings in regex. To match them literally, they need to be escaped with a backslash,
• like
Case ".", "$", "^".
Sensitivity: By default, regex is case-sensitive. To perform case-insensitive
matching, flags can be used in the regex pattern.
Metacharacters and Escaping
• Metacharacters: Metacharacters in regex have special meanings and functions. For
instance, "." matches any character, while "^" and "$" respectively denote the start
and end of a line.
• Escaping Metacharacters: To match metacharacters as literal characters, they
must be escaped with a backslash. For example, to match the dot character ".", use
• "." in theMatching:
Literal pattern. By escaping metacharacters, you can precisely match characters
that would otherwise have special meanings.
• Backslash Escaping: Since the backslash itself is an escape character in most
programming languages, it must be escaped as well when using regex. Use "\" to
• match a literal backslash.
Metacharacter Combinations: Combining metacharacters with literal characters
forms powerful patterns for complex text manipulation.
Character Classes and Ranges
• Character Classes: Character classes, enclosed in square brackets "[ ]", allow
matching any one character from a set. For example, "[aeiou]" matches any
• lowercase
Negation:vowel.
Using the caret symbol "^" within a character class negates the match.
"[^0-9]" matches any non-digit character.
• Character Ranges: Ranges within character classes specify a range of characters to
match. "[a-z]" matches any lowercase letter.
• Combining Character Classes: Character classes can be combined to create more
complex patterns. "[A-Za-z]" matches any letter, regardless of case.
• Shorthand Character Classes: Shortcuts like "\d" for digits, "\w" for word
characters, and "\s" for whitespace simplify pattern creation.
Quantifiers and Repetition
• Quantifiers: Quantifiers determine the number of times a preceding character or
group should appear in the text. For instance, "a{3}" matches "aaa".
• Asterisk (*): The asterisk quantifier matches zero or more occurrences of the
preceding character or group. "ba*" matches "b", "ba", "baa", and so on.
• Plus (+): The plus quantifier matches one or more occurrences of the preceding
character or group. "ca+" matches "ca", "caa", "caaa", and so on.
• Question Mark (?): The question mark quantifier matches zero or one occurrence of
the preceding character or group. "da?" matches "d" and "da".
• Braces ({ }): Braces with a specific quantity, like "e{2}", match exactly that number
of occurrences. "bee" matches "bee", but not "be".
Advanced Regex Techniques
Explore advanced Regular Expression techniques, including anchors, boundaries, groups,
alternation, backreference, subpatterns, lookahead, and lookbehind.

Anchors and Boundaries Groups and Capturing

Learn how to use anchors and Discover how to use groups and
boundaries to match specific positions capturing to extract useful and specific
within a string of text. information.

Alternation and Logical OR Backreference and Subpatterns

Understand how to use alternation and Master the art of backreference and
logical OR to match multiple patterns subpatterns to match complex patterns
within a string. with nested structures.
Groups and Capturing
• Grouping with Parentheses: Parentheses create groups to apply quantifiers and
alternation to specific sections.
• Capturing Groups: Parentheses also capture the matched content, which can be
accessed for extraction.
• Named Capturing Groups: Named groups provide a more descriptive reference to
captured content.
• Reusing Captured Content: Captured content can be used later in the regex
pattern with backreferences.
Alternation and Logical OR
• Alternation with |: The pipe symbol "|" allows multiple alternatives to be matched in
the pattern.
• Matching Multiple Alternatives: For instance, "apple|banana" matches either
"apple" or "banana".
• Non-Capturing Groups (?: ): Parentheses with "?" after the opening parenthesis
create non-capturing groups.
• Balancing Options: Alternation provides flexibility in matching different possibilities
within a pattern.
Backreference and Subpatterns
• Using Backreferences: "\n" (where n is a number) matches content previously
captured by a group.
• Repeating Captured Content: Backreferences allow patterns like "(apple)pie\1" to
match "applepieapple".
• Nested Subpatterns: Parentheses can be nested to create subpatterns, enabling
more complex matches.
• Subpattern Scope: Subpatterns are useful for applying quantifiers and alternation
to specific portions of the pattern.
Best Practices for Using Regex in
Python
Learn how to use the re module in Python 3 to apply regex on text data and how to parse
and extract information from real-world use cases.

Data Extraction with Regex

Explore real-world use cases of regex in


Python, including extracting URLs,
emails, and phone numbers from
unstructured text.

1 2 3

Introduction to re Module Cleaning and Preprocessing


with Regex
Get an overview of the re module in
Python 3 and how to use it to apply Discover how to apply regex to
regex on text data. preprocess and clean text prior to
further processing in Python.
Introduction to re Module
• Importing the Module: Begin by importing the re module in Python using import re.

• Using re.search(): Use re.search() to find the first match of a pattern in a string.

• Using re.findall(): Employ re.findall() to extract all occurrences of a pattern in a string.

• Flags for Flexibility: Utilize flags like re.IGNORECASE for case-insensitive matching.
Data Extraction with Regex
• Extracting URLs: Use regex to identify and extract URLs from text, aiding web
scraping and analysis.
• Capturing Emails: Employ regex to capture and extract email addresses from text
documents.
• Phone Number Extraction: Regex assists in parsing and retrieving phone numbers
from various formats.
• Pattern Customization: Adapt patterns to different data formats for accurate extraction.
Cleaning and Preprocessing with Regex
• Removing Unwanted Characters: Use regex to eliminate special characters,
punctuation, or symbols.
• Whitespace Management: Replace multiple spaces with a single space using regex
for consistent formatting.
• Text Normalization: Apply regex for converting text to lowercase, standardizing text
representations.
• Handling Redundancy: Identify repeated characters or words with regex and
replace with a single instance.
Limitations and Best Practices of Regex
Understand the limitations of Regex and how to apply best practices to maximize its
performance.

Regex Limitations Regex Best Practices

Explore the limits of regex when applied to Discover the best practices for using regex
Natural Language Processing and how to to maximize performance and
work around them. maintainability of your code.
Conclusion
Regular Expressions are essential for text processing and Natural Language Processing. With
the knowledge, skills, and best practices covered in this presentation, you will be able to
apply regex effectively and efficiently to your data processing needs.

Regex Basics Advanced Regex Regex In Python


Techniques
Patterns, Characters, re module, Data
Metacharacters, Escaping, Anchors, Boundaries, Extraction, Cleaning and
Character Classes, Groups, Capturing, Preprocessing,
Ranges, Quantifiers, Alternation, Logical OR, Limitations, Best
Repetition. Backreference, Practices.
Subpatterns, Lookahead,
Lookbehind.

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