Application of Information & Communication Technologies
Application of Information &
Communication Technologies
Week 1
Week 1
Objectives
• To understand the concept of Computer
• To learn about computer and its usage
• To understand the need and usage of Computer
• To learn about the history and generations of computer
• Understand the use of technology for future
Lecture 25
Lecture 1 Top-
ics
01 Fundamentals of Cloud Computing
02 Applications of Cloud Computing
03 Challenges and future of Cloud Computing
Agenda / Outlines
1. What is Cloud Computing?
2. Key Characteristics of Cloud Computing
3. Service Models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS)
4. Deployment Models (Public, Private, Hybrid, Community)
5. Applications of Cloud Computing
6. Future Trends in Cloud Computing
7. Challenges and Considerations
What is Cloud Computing?
Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services over the internet ("the
cloud") to offer faster innovation, flexible resources, and economies of scale.
Cloud computing refers to the use of hosted services, such as data storage,
servers, databases, networking, and software over the internet. The data is
stored on physical servers, which are maintained by a cloud service provider.
Computer system resources, especially data storage and computing power,
are available on-demand, without direct management by the user in cloud
computing. Cloud Computing Architecture
Reference:
[Book By :Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow 15th International Edition, Deborah
Morley and Charles S. Parker.]
What is Cloud Computing?
• Key Components:
• Compute Power
• Storage
• Networking
• Databases
• Analogy: Renting computing resources similar to utility services like
electricity or water.
Cloud Computing Architecture
Reference:
[Book By :Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow 15th International Edition, Deborah
Morley and Charles S. Parker.]
Key Characteristics of Cloud Computing
1. On-Demand Self-Service: Users can access resources without human interaction.
2. Broad Network Access: Services are accessible over the internet from various devices.
3. Resource Pooling: Providers pool resources to serve multiple users using a multi-tenant model.
4. Rapid Elasticity: Resources can be scaled up or down quickly as needed.
5. Measured Service: Pay-as-you-go model based on usage.
Reference:
[Book By :Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow 15th International Edition, Deborah
Morley and Charles S. Parker.]
Service Models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS)
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS):
• Provides virtualized computing resources.
• Examples: AWS EC2, Google Compute Engine.
2. Platform as a Service (PaaS):
• Offers platforms to develop, test, and manage applications.
• Examples: Microsoft Azure, Google App Engine.
3. Software as a Service (SaaS):
• Delivers software applications over the internet.
• Examples: Google Workspace, Salesforce.
Cloud Computing Service Models
Reference:
[Book By :Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow 15th International Edition, Deborah
Morley and Charles S. Parker.]
Service Models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS)
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
IaaS is also known as Hardware as a Service (HaaS). It is a computing infrastructure
managed over the internet. The main advantage of using IaaS is that it helps users to
avoid the cost and complexity of purchasing and managing the physical servers.
Characteristics of IaaS.
• Resources are available as a service
• Services are highly scalable
• Dynamic and flexible
• GUI and API-based access
• Automated administrative tasks Cloud Computing Service Models
Example: DigitalOcean, Linode, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure,
Google Compute Engine (GCE), Rackspace, and Cisco Metacloud.
Reference:
[Book By :Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow 15th International Edition, Deborah
Morley and Charles S. Parker.]
Service Models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS)
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS cloud computing platform is created for the programmer to develop, test, run,
and manage the applications.
Characteristics of PaaS
• Accessible to various users via the same development application.
• Integrates with web services and databases.
• Builds on virtualization technology, so resources can easily be scaled up or down
as per the organization's need.
• Support multiple languages and frameworks.
• Provides an ability to "Auto-scale". Cloud Computing Service Models
Example: AWS Elastic Beanstalk, Windows Azure, Heroku, [Link], Google App
Engine, Apache Stratos, Magento Commerce Cloud, and OpenShift.
Reference:
[Book By :Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow 15th International Edition, Deborah
Morley and Charles S. Parker.]
Service Models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS)
Software as a Service (SaaS)
SaaS is also known as "on-demand software". It is a software in which the applications
are hosted by a cloud service provider. Users can access these applications with the help
of internet connection and web browser.
Characteristics of SaaS
• Managed from a central location
• Hosted on a remote server
• Accessible over the internet
• Users are not responsible for hardware and software updates. Updates are applied
automatically.
Cloud Computing Service Models
• The services are purchased on the pay-as-per-use basis
Example: BigCommerce, Google Apps, Salesforce, Dropbox, ZenDesk, Cisco WebEx,
ZenDesk, Slack, and GoToMeeting.
Reference:
[Book By :Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow 15th International Edition, Deborah
Morley and Charles S. Parker.]
Difference between IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS
IaaS PaaS SaaS
It provides a virtual data center to store
It provides virtual platforms and tools to It provides web software and apps to complete
information and create platforms for app
create, test, and deploy apps. business tasks.
development, testing, and deployment.
It provides access to resources such as virtual It provides runtime environments and It provides software as a service to the end-
machines, virtual storage, etc. deployment tools for applications. users.
It is used by network architects. It is used by developers. It is used by end users.
SaaS provides Infrastructure+Platform
IaaS provides only Infrastructure. PaaS provides Infrastructure+Platform.
+Software.
Reference:
[Book By :Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow 15th International Edition, Deborah
Morley and Charles S. Parker.]
Advantages of Cloud Service Models
Cost Efficiency: Cloud providers provide a pricing model that permits customers to pay only for the sources they consume. This gets rid
of the need for advanced infrastructure investments and allows price efficiency as businesses scale resources based totally on need.
Scalability: Cloud services provide the potential to scale sources up or down speedily and respond to changing workloads and
commercial organization requirements. This flexibility ensures that agencies can correctly manipulate fluctuating needs without over-
provisioning.
Accessibility and Flexibility: Cloud computing allows one to get access to applications and facts remotely from everywhere with an
internet connection. This fosters collaboration among geographically dispersed groups and allows users to work flexibly.
Rapid Deployment: Cloud provider models facilitate rapid deployment of programs. Users can provision sources and deploy programs
quickly, decreasing time-to-market and allowing faster innovation.
Managed Services: Cloud providers offer more than a few managed offerings, managing duties together with safety, tracking, and
safety. This helps agencies dump operational obligations, pay attention to relevant skills, and experience the records of cloud carriers.
Automatic Updates and Patch Management: Cloud providers manipulate software application updates, patches, and protection
functions robotically. This ensures that clients always have to get proper entry to the required abilities and protection upgrades without the
need for guide intervention.
Reference:
[Book By :Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow 15th International Edition, Deborah
Morley and Charles S. Parker.]
Disadvantages of Cloud Service Models
Security Concerns: Security remains a top concern for companies moving to the cloud. Storing information and programs on out-of-
door servers will increase questions on statistics' privateness, regulatory compliance, and the functionality of unauthorized access.
Dependency on Internet Connectivity: Cloud services require a reliable internet connection. Downtime or disruptions in internet
connectivity can impact the right to access essential applications and information, affecting business operations.
Limited Customization in SaaS: While SaaS offers convenience, it is able to lack the extent of customization that a few
organizations require. Users depend on the capabilities and configurations supplied by the useful resources of the SaaS company, restricting
flexibility.
Data Transfer Costs: Moving huge volumes of records from the cloud can require extra charges. Organizations need to cautiously
recollect and manipulate facts and switch fees, in particular at the same time as dealing with enormous amounts of records.
Vendor Lock-In: Adopting certain cloud providers can also result in provider lock-in, wherein it becomes hard to migrate packages and
statistics to a different employer or again to on-premises surroundings. This can limit flexibility and cause lengthy periods of dependence on a
specific cloud organization.
Potential for Downtime: Cloud company companies may also experience outages or downtime, impacting the supply of services.
While respectable businesses try for immoderate availability, occasional disruptions can occur, affecting users who get proper entry to agency
continuity.
Reference:
[Book By :Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow 15th International Edition, Deborah
Morley and Charles S. Parker.]
Cloud Deployment Models
[Link] Cloud:
•Services offered over the internet to multiple users.
• Example: AWS, Microsoft Azure.
[Link] Cloud:
•Dedicated infrastructure for a single organization.
• Example: VMware Cloud.
[Link] Cloud:
•Combines public and private clouds for flexibility.
• Example: IBM Hybrid Cloud.
[Link] Cloud:
•Shared infrastructure for specific communities or industries.
• Example: Government or healthcare organizations.
Reference:
[Book By :Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow 15th International Edition, Deborah
Morley and Charles S. Parker.]
THANK YOU
