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Lesson 8 - Determining Textual Evidence

The document outlines the importance of textual evidence in supporting an author's claims, detailing what can be included such as facts, expert opinions, and personal anecdotes. It describes three types of textual evidence: quotations, paraphrasing, and summarizing, along with guidelines for their accurate use. Additionally, it includes an activity prompting the reader to write an essay incorporating these forms of evidence.

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Carla Espiritu
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
7 views

Lesson 8 - Determining Textual Evidence

The document outlines the importance of textual evidence in supporting an author's claims, detailing what can be included such as facts, expert opinions, and personal anecdotes. It describes three types of textual evidence: quotations, paraphrasing, and summarizing, along with guidelines for their accurate use. Additionally, it includes an activity prompting the reader to write an essay incorporating these forms of evidence.

Uploaded by

Carla Espiritu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DETERMINING

TEXTUAL
EVIDENCE
TEXTUAL
•
EVIDENCE
It serves as details given by
the author in order to
support his/her claims. It
reveals that the position of
the writer and makes the
reading more interesting.
WHAT CAN YOU INCLUDE IN TEXTUAL
EVIDENCE?

• Facts and statistics


• Opinion from
experts
• Personal anecdotes
THREE TYPES OF
TEXTUAL
EVIDENCE
CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD EVIDENCE

a) Unified
b) Relevant to the
central point
c) Specific and
concrete
d) Accurate
e) Representative
HOW DO YOU MAKE TEXTUAL
EVIDENCE?
a) Explicit Evidence – information that is
clearly stated or directly presented in a text
or situation.
• Example: His eyes are blue.
b) Implicit Evidence – it requires you to make
inferences or draw conclusions based on
clues rather than direct statements.
• Example: His eyes reflect the color of
the sky on a sunny day.
THREE TYPES OF
TEXTUAL
EVIDENCE
1.
QUOTATIO
• Getting the
information from

N
the text word-for-
word and usually
has quotation
marks.
Examples:

Original Text: “The only way to do great


work is to love what you do.” – Steve Jobs

In-text Citation: According to Steve


Jobs, “The only way to do great work is to
love what you do” (Jobs, 2005, p.30).
Examples:

Original Text: “Education is the most


powerful weapon which you can use to change
the world.” – Nelson Mandela

In-text Citation: Nelson Mandela once said,


“Education is the most powerful weapon which
you can use to change the world” (Mandela,
1990, p.44).
HOW TO ACCURATELY UTILIZE
DIRECT QUOTES?
• Use directly quotes prudently, employing
them solely when the exact wording is
indispensable to your argument.
• Encase the quote in quotation marks and
provide an in-text citation to attribute it to
the original author.
• Abstain from modifying the wording of the
quote to fit your sentence structure or to
alter its meaning.
2.
•
PARAPHRASIN
It entails restating
or rephrasing a
passage or idea
from the originalG
text in your own
words.
Examples:

Original Text: “The human body is a


complex machine that requires regular
maintenance to function properly.” –
Health line

Paraphrase: Health line suggests that


regular maintenance is necessary for the
human body to function optimally.
Examples:

Original Text: “The study found that


regular exercise can reduce the risk of
heart disease.” – Journal of Medicine

Paraphrase: According to the Journal of


Medicine, the threat of heart disease can
be diminished by engaging in routine
exercise.
HOW TO ACCURATELY DO
PARAPHRASING?
• Read the original text carefully,
apprehending the meaning of the passage
or idea.
• Restate the information, applying your
words and sentence structure.
• Attribute the paraphrase to the original
author with an in-text citation.
3.
SUMMARIZING
• It is shortening the
text by just stating
the main idea of
the text.
Examples:

Original Text: In her classic novel, “Prove and


Prejudice”, Jane Austen examines the norms
and expectations of 19 century England,
th

particularly in the area of matrimony.

Summary: Jane Austen’s “Pride and


Prejudice” is an exploration of 19 century
th

England’s social norms and expectations, with


a specific focus on marriage.
Examples:

Original Text: The American Civil War was an


essential event in American history with
significant, lasting impacts on the nation,
including the end of slavery and the
preservation of the Union.

Summary: The American Civil War was a


pivotal moment in U.S. history, leading to the
abolition of slavery and the preservation of the
Examples:

“As a summary, the discussion solely


focuses on the argument that the existing
languages in the Philippines are seen in a
marginalized communicative view in
which both…”
HOW TO ACCURATELY DO
SUMMARIZING?
• First, carefully read the entire text and
determine its main points or ideas.
• Next, articulate a shorter version of the
original text using your own language,
which contains the primary concepts.
• Finally, attribute the summary to the
original author by incorporating an in-text
citation.
INTEGRATION OF THE THREE:
QUOTATIONS
In his famous and influential work,
“The Interpretation of Dreams”, Sigmund
Freud argues that dreams are the “royal
road to the unconscious”, expressing in
coded imagery the dreamer’s unfulfilled
wished through a process known as the
“dream work”.
INTEGRATION OF THE THREE:
PARAPHRASING

According to Freud, actual but


unacceptable desires are censored
internally and subjected to coding
through layers of condensation and
displacement before emerging in a kind
of rebus puzzle in the dream itself.
INTEGRATION OF THE THREE:
SUMMARIZING
The speaker in the poem while
walking through the forest came to a
fork in the road. He faced with a choice
between two roads who took the “less
traveled”. A decision which he/she
believed made all the difference.
ACTIVITY
Write an essay on the topic “Reject Modernity,
Embrace Tradition”. In writing your essay, include
quotation, paraphrasing and summarizing in
accordance to the details from an original source
which you would be borrowing to support your own
details. The essay should reach the minimum of 500
words. Do not forget to include the references of
your sources at the latter part of your essay.

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