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Alister Lopes

India faces many social challenges, with violence against females being one of the biggest. The document discusses several issues facing Indian women such as low sex ratios at birth, high rates of child marriage, lack of access to education, and safety issues like trafficking, sexual harassment, rape, and domestic violence. The youth can help address these problems by promoting girls' education, preventing child marriage, supporting laws and policies to increase women's safety, and changing social attitudes.

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What is India’s biggest social challenge today, and how can the Indian youth contribute towards solving it? By Education Busters
 OVERPOPULATION  POVERTY  SANITATION  CORRUPTION  EDUCATION  INITIATIVES  VIOLENCE AGAINST FEMALES OPPOURTUNITY FOR YOUTH SOCIAL CHALLENGES IN INDIA
Contents of the topic  Introduction  Sex ratio  Education  Child marriage  Infant mortality  Trafficking  Sexual harassment
 Rape  Abortion  Dowry  Contribution of media  Public opinion about safety for women  Achievement of Indian women  Steps taken by government for women safety  Contribution of youth for women’s safety  conclusion
Introduction
Females play an important role in the society. Can you guys just imagine a single day without your mother , sister , wife , daughter , girlfriend….etc. I know it is not at possible ………. If these females are so important in one’s life… then y so much of “ ATYACHAAR “ is been given to females with such a curse ……..such as
SEX RATIO
Sex ratio is the ratio of males to females in a population. As of 2014, the global sex ratio at birth is estimated at 107 boys to 100 girls (934 girls per 1000 boys).
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primary sex ratio — ratio at fertilization secondary sex ratio — ratio at birth tertiary sex ratio — ratio in sexually active organisms. Also called adult sex ratio and abbreviated to ASR. ASR is defined as the proportion of adults in a population that are male. quaternary sex ratio — ratio in post-reproductive organisms
RANK STATE WOMEN PER 1000MEN-2012 1 Kerala 1084 12 Gujarat 909 13 Maharashtra 896 15 Rajasthan 893 16 Delhi 884 17 Uttar Pradesh 874 * Total Average 924
Education
Educate Girls is a non-profit organization in India Girls education is one of the most effective ways for ending poverty in developing nations e.g.: India
Educating women and girls is key to meeting 21st Century demands . Education plays an important role in life of boys and girls. It is sad to know that some communities still discriminate against the education of girls.
Reasons Why girl is to be educated.  For a happy and stable life  Money  Equality  Makes you self dependent  Turns your dreams into reality  Saves you from being cheated or fooled  For economic growth of the nation  Society  Confidence  Makes the world a safer and more peaceful place  Helps you understand the world we live in  respect  Education and health care  keeping up with the world  Overcoming superstitions
Steps to improve girls access to education  Parental and community involvement – families and communities must be important partners with schools in developing curriculum and managing children’s education  Relevant curriculum – learning materials should be relevant to the girl’s background and be in the local language .
 Schools close to home , with women teachers . Many parents worry about girls travelling long distance on their own . Many parents also prefer to have daughters also prefer to have daughters taught by women  Low and flexible timetables Steps to improve girls access to education
CHILD MARRIAGE
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Why does child marriage occur?
CAUSES OF CHILD MARRIAGE  Dowry and bride price  Forced migration and slavery  Fear , poverty and social pressure  Religion , civil law , and child marriage  Socio economic status and financial relationships
SOURCE % Female Married (>18) Data year Sampling Method Census of India 43.4 1981 Nationwide Census Census of India 35.3 1991 Nationwide Census Census of India 14.4 2001 Nationwide Census Census of India 3.7 2011 Nationwide Census
 Education of the parent is just as important as education of the children. Education will broaden their horizons and will help convince parents of the benefits in having their children educated.  It is important to provide education involving more than reading, writing, and math. Teaching these young girls life skill, including reproduction and contraception information ,how to have fun and how to play in sports, is proving to be a positive way to change the lives and futures of these adolescent girls. Solution and Programs to Prevent Child Marriage
Infant mortality
Meaning Infant mortality is the death of a child less than one year of age. Childhood mortality is the death of a child before the child's fifth birthday. National statistics tend to group these two mortality rates together. Globally, ten million infants and children die each year before their fifth birthday; 99% of these deaths occur in developing nations. Infant mortality takes away society's potential physical, social, and human capital.
Causes of infant mortality Generally the most common cause worldwide has been dehydration from diarrhea, a preventable disease; however, a variety of programs combating this problem have decreased the rate of children dying from dehydration. Many factors contribute to infant mortality such as the mother's level of education, environmental conditions, and political and medical infrastructure. Improving sanitation, access to clean drinking water, immunization against infectious diseases, and other public health measures could help reduce high rates of infant mortality.
Prevention Before conception Screen women for health risks and pre-existing chronic conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and sexually transmitted diseases. Counsel women about contraception and provide access to effective family planning services (to prevent unintended pregnancies and unnecessary abortions). Counsel women about the benefits of good nutrition; encourage women especially to consume adequate amounts of folic acid supplements (to prevent neural tube defects) and iron. Advise women to avoid alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs. Advise women about the value of regular physical exercise.
In 1990, 12.7 million children under age five died. In 2013 that number fell to 6.3 million, a reduction of about 50 per cent. In other words, about 17,000 children under 5 died every day in 2013 – 17,000 fewer than in 1990. The global progress in reducing newborn deaths is almost as striking. Between 1990 and 2013, the number of newborn babies who died within the first 28 days of life declined from 4.7 million to 2.8 million.
Trafficking
Trafficking is a organized crime which violates all tenets of human dignity and rights. Trafficking is a centre and State subject India faces both In-country and Cross Border trafficking. What is trafficking
How it is done?  Threat or use of force, coercion, abduction, fraud, deception, abuse of power or vulnerability, or giving payments or benefits to a person in control of the victim Why it is done?  For the purpose of exploitation, which includes exploiting the prostitution of others, sexual exploitation, forced labour, slavery or similar practices To ascertain whether a particular circumstance constitutes trafficking in persons, consider the definition of trafficking in the Trafficking in Persons Protocol and the constituent elements of the offense, as defined by relevant domestic legislation.
Estimate place number of sex workers in country at 3 million of which 40 percent are children. 90% or more estimated as in-country and 5 to 10% to cross-border trafficking, reported mainly from Bangladesh and Nepal. Also, there are reports that people from India are being trafficked to Middle Eastern countries for domestic help, manual labour, child marriages etc.
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Constitutional Provisions on Trafficking
Trafficking in Human Beings or Persons is prohibited under the Constitution of India. The specific provisions relates to Article 23 (1) of the Constitution which is as follows:- 'Traffic in human beings and beggar and other similar forms of forced labour are prohibited and any contravention of this provision shall be an offence punishable in accordance with law'.
Sexual harassment
Any unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, or other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature constitutes harassment when: Submission to such requests is made explicitly or implicitly a condition of one's employment (i.e., hiring, firing, raises, promotions, etc.).
Submission to such conduct is used as the basis for employment decisions. Such behavior has the purpose or effect of "unreasonably" interfering with an individual's performance on the job or creating an intimidating, hostile, or offensive work environment.
Common Examples of. Sexual Harassment.
Unwanted physical contact, including touching, pinching, brushing the body, coerced sexual intercourse, or assault. Verbal sexual innuendoes, graphic comments about an individual's body, jokes of a sexual nature, suggestive comments, sexual propositions, or threats. Displays in the workplace of sexually suggestive objects or pictures
Rape
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Definition
...The perpetration of an act of sexual intercourse with a female, not one’s wife, against her will and consent, whether her will is overcome by force or fear resulting from the threat of force, or by drugs or intoxicants, or when because of mental deficiency, she is incapable of rational judgment, or when she is below an arbitrary age of consent.
INTRODUCTION
Rape is the fastest growing crime in India compared to murder, robbery and kidnapping. Mobile, cyber café, car, beach, mall, restaurant, hotel have become popular apparatus for the criminals .
Criminal Sexual Assault in Illinois
The accused commits criminal sexual assault if he or she: (1) commits an act of sexual penetration by the use of force or threat of force; or (2) commits an act of sexual penetration and the accused knew that the victim was unable to understand the nature of the act or was unable to give knowing consent; or (3) commits an act of sexual penetration with a victim who was under 18 years of age when the act was committed and the accused was a family member; or (4) commits an act of sexual penetration with a victim who was at least 13 years of age but under 18 years of age when the act was committed and the accused was 17 years of age or over and held a position of trust, authority or supervision in relation to the victim.
ABORTION
A cultural preference for sons may be a factor driving recourse to abortion in India, as women carrying female fetuses may decide to terminate their pregnancies. To assess this hypothesis, more information on the incidence of abortion, and on maternal and social correlates of the procedure, is needed.
CAN WE STOP THIS ? Yes we can stop this. Advertisement or communication in any form in print, by electronic media or internet can help to stop this. And save girl child.
Dowry
Definition
In modern age, even in this age of science and technology, many evil practices are prevalent in our society. These evil practices are early marriage and also the dowry system. Dowry as part of marriage consideration is prohibited by law in India. The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 was enacted to help the women who are victim of Dowry System
Dowry System ( Dahej Pratha) Dowry System is known as “Dahej Pratha” in Hindi. Dowry refers to the amount of money and other valuables brought by a bride to her husband on their marriage.
Causes of dowry system
Worst causes of dowry system come regularly in India. The impact of dowry system not only causes to the living beings but also harmful for the unborn baby. Many times it is noticed that a married woman is abused and beaten for the money. She is teased by her husband, father-in-law, mother-in-law, sister- in-law and other family members. We can find some normal heading in news papers like “Woman suicides due to abuse and tease from mother-in-law”, “Mother-in-law burn her daughter-in-law for dowry” and much more. The majority of Indian people will agree that girls are not safe even after their marriage. Dowry system effects a lot in the social life of a person. If a family is caught for demanding dowry then ashamed is spread over the society.
Evil effects of Dowry System
In modern age, still in different cities, towns and in villages, the dowry system is going to be practiced. Even in poor families sometimes the father of an young bride had to take loan from the bank to pay the demand of a groom.
The father has to purchase a motor bike, gold ring and furniture to decorate the house of a groom. Though anti-dowry bill has been passed in the parliament, it is not yet practically implemented. Sometimes young brides commit suicide for the torture.
Contribution of media
Women's are the wealth of India and they have contributed in almost every field and made country feel proud at every occasion The attention required is still not being paid to the issues that concern this section of population. Women empowerment in India is still a distant dream. . The declining sex ratio in India amply portrays the discrimination shown towards women at the stage of birth
Women Empowerment in India
According to Cambridge English Dictionary ‘e empowerment' means ‘to authorize'. In the context of the people, they have to be authorized to have control over their own lives. Empowerment of women unlocks the door for modernization of any society. Participation and control over resources of power are critical indicators in the process of development. After independence, Government of India took several initiatives, programmes and policies, apart from constitutional and legal safeguards for the empowerment of women in the country.
The Indian constitution grants equality to women and also empowers the state to adopt measures of positive discrimination in favour of women to neutralize the cumulative socio-economic, educational and political disadvantages faced by them. Constitutional provisions in India
PUBLIC OPINION ABOUT SAFETY OF WOMEN IN METROPOLITAN CITIES
DO U REALLY THINK THAT WOMEN ARE SAFE IN METROPOLITAN CITIES? YES: 14% NO: 86%
HAVE U EVER NOTICED GIRLS BEING TEASED BY BOYS? YES: 76% NO: 24 %
R U AWARE OF ANY MOBILE APP THAT PROVIDES U SAFETY? YES: 10% NO: 90%
ARE U AFRAID TO GO OUT LATE NIGHT(FOR GIRLS)? YES: 75% NO: 25%
WILL U ALLOW UR SISTER OR ANY FEMALE FRIEND TO GO OUT LATE NIGHT(FOR MALE)? YES: 15% NO: 85%
Are short dresses worn by girls responsible for rape cases? YES: 16% NO: 84%
DO U THINK GOVERNMENT IS DOING WELL TO PROVIDE SAFETY TO WOMEN? YES: 36% NO: 64%
Where do u think women r mostly teased by boys? CROWDED AREA: 8% LONELY AREA: 12% ANY AREA: 76% OTHERS: 4%
CAN U TRUST UR MALE RELATIVES REGARDING SAFETY OF FEMALE FAMILY MEMBERS? YES: 88% If yes then, ALL OF THEM: 6% SOME OF THEM: 16% NO: 12%
WHOM DO U CONSIDER FOR ALL THE CRIMES RELATED TO WOMEN? WOMEN: 4% MEN: 12% GOVERNMENT: 8% SOCIETY: 68% OTHERS: 8%
WHERE DO U THINK THAT CRIME AGAINST WOMEN ARE COMITTED MORE? RURAL: 8% URBBAN: 16% BOTH: 76%
Achievement of women
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The daughters of the soil have made India proud of their great works and achievements. They have made a difference to India in every respective field. Lets cherish their hardships, sacrifices and achievements as a mother, wife, daughter, leaders……. ON THE account of the International Women's Day, I felt of finding out who has been India's greatest woman ever. Well to find the greatest Indian woman is like finding out the sweetest mango from a tree embraced with ripen mangoes. So, it would be ideal if top five women can be decided. Hence considering every field, I reached the following list (not in order) though it will be highly debatable.
India Gandhi: She has been our greatest woman politician ever. There were many great achievements in her name, most famous one being the victory against Pakistan in 1971 war. But as we know the great leaders have number of enemies too, it is not surprising that she was assassinated.
Rani Laxmi Bai: She was one of the firsts to counter the Britishers. The world, which is ruled by men, she was one of the few women, who could defeat any enemy in the battle field. She can be called the bravest Indian woman in this regard.
Saroda Devi: When the world is filled with fashions there were some great spiritual men like Ramkrishna Paramhamsa and Swami Vivekananda, who came forward to maintain the faith in God. But while about these two, one cannot forget the Holy Mother Saroda Devi. She was one of the few people in modern era, who managed to spread the importance of religion.
Kalpana Chawla: She was the first Indian born woman and the second Indian after Rakesh Sharma to fly to the moon. It was a great tragedy that India lost one of her famous daughter in the space shuttle disaster. She was just 42.
Lata Mangeshkar: If tiger is our national animal and peacock is our national bird, then this will not be wrong to call Lata Mangeshkar our national voice. She is one of the few people in the world who could maintain same voice right from her childhood till the age of eighty. She was the first Bollywood person and the second Indian filmy person after Satyajit Ray to be conferred the Bharat Ratna.
However, I deeply regret for not being able to include Sonia Gandhi, Sarojini Naidu, Meera Bai, Nargis, Karnam Malleswari the list.
Steps taken by Government
To prevent Domestic violence: The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 came into force on October 26, 2006. To prevent Female Infanticide: All medical tests that can be used to determine the sex of the child have been banned in India,.
To prevent Dowry:
In 1961, the Government of India passed the Dowry Prohibition Act, making the dowry demands in wedding arrangements illegal. In 1985, the Dowry Prohibition rules were framed IPC Section 498-A: states, that whoever being the husband or relative of the husband of woman, subjects such woman to cruelty shall be punished with the imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years and also be liable to fine.
The Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act was passed in 1956. However many cases of trafficking of young girls and women have been reported. Trafficking:
CONTRIBUTION OF YOUTH FOR WOMEN’S SAFETY
• Use Social Media • Be media literate and critical • Interrupt sexist/homophobic and transphobic language • Interrupt abuse • Stop street harassment • Come up with an action plan Following are the ways that can be practiced by youths for women’s safety
• Stop rape culture •Stop Victim Blaming • Educate yourself on the roots of violence • Confront yourself/your ideas •Remember violence is a choice •Be Supportive •Be aware of resources for girls and women
•Talk to others about ending violence and be a mentor •Recognize the role of gender in violence
Conclusion
Women who felt stronger bonds to their sorority sisters were more likely to conform to the group’s prevailing views about rape myths. Those in sororities where beliefs in rape myths were prevalent came to endorse rape myths over time. Those in sororities where doubts about rape myths were prevalent came to doubt rape myths over time.
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PROJECT MADE BY EDUCATION BUSTERS
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More Related Content

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  • 2. What is India’s biggest social challenge today, and how can the Indian youth contribute towards solving it? By Education Busters
  • 3.  OVERPOPULATION  POVERTY  SANITATION  CORRUPTION  EDUCATION  INITIATIVES  VIOLENCE AGAINST FEMALES OPPOURTUNITY FOR YOUTH SOCIAL CHALLENGES IN INDIA
  • 4. Contents of the topic  Introduction  Sex ratio  Education  Child marriage  Infant mortality  Trafficking  Sexual harassment
  • 5.  Rape  Abortion  Dowry  Contribution of media  Public opinion about safety for women  Achievement of Indian women  Steps taken by government for women safety  Contribution of youth for women’s safety  conclusion
  • 7. Females play an important role in the society. Can you guys just imagine a single day without your mother , sister , wife , daughter , girlfriend….etc. I know it is not at possible ………. If these females are so important in one’s life… then y so much of “ ATYACHAAR “ is been given to females with such a curse ……..such as
  • 9. Sex ratio is the ratio of males to females in a population. As of 2014, the global sex ratio at birth is estimated at 107 boys to 100 girls (934 girls per 1000 boys).
  • 11. primary sex ratio — ratio at fertilization secondary sex ratio — ratio at birth tertiary sex ratio — ratio in sexually active organisms. Also called adult sex ratio and abbreviated to ASR. ASR is defined as the proportion of adults in a population that are male. quaternary sex ratio — ratio in post-reproductive organisms
  • 12. RANK STATE WOMEN PER 1000MEN-2012 1 Kerala 1084 12 Gujarat 909 13 Maharashtra 896 15 Rajasthan 893 16 Delhi 884 17 Uttar Pradesh 874 * Total Average 924
  • 14. Educate Girls is a non-profit organization in India Girls education is one of the most effective ways for ending poverty in developing nations e.g.: India
  • 15. Educating women and girls is key to meeting 21st Century demands . Education plays an important role in life of boys and girls. It is sad to know that some communities still discriminate against the education of girls.
  • 16. Reasons Why girl is to be educated.  For a happy and stable life  Money  Equality  Makes you self dependent  Turns your dreams into reality  Saves you from being cheated or fooled  For economic growth of the nation  Society  Confidence  Makes the world a safer and more peaceful place  Helps you understand the world we live in  respect  Education and health care  keeping up with the world  Overcoming superstitions
  • 17. Steps to improve girls access to education  Parental and community involvement – families and communities must be important partners with schools in developing curriculum and managing children’s education  Relevant curriculum – learning materials should be relevant to the girl’s background and be in the local language .
  • 18.  Schools close to home , with women teachers . Many parents worry about girls travelling long distance on their own . Many parents also prefer to have daughters also prefer to have daughters taught by women  Low and flexible timetables Steps to improve girls access to education
  • 21. Why does child marriage occur?
  • 22. CAUSES OF CHILD MARRIAGE  Dowry and bride price  Forced migration and slavery  Fear , poverty and social pressure  Religion , civil law , and child marriage  Socio economic status and financial relationships
  • 23. SOURCE % Female Married (>18) Data year Sampling Method Census of India 43.4 1981 Nationwide Census Census of India 35.3 1991 Nationwide Census Census of India 14.4 2001 Nationwide Census Census of India 3.7 2011 Nationwide Census
  • 24.  Education of the parent is just as important as education of the children. Education will broaden their horizons and will help convince parents of the benefits in having their children educated.  It is important to provide education involving more than reading, writing, and math. Teaching these young girls life skill, including reproduction and contraception information ,how to have fun and how to play in sports, is proving to be a positive way to change the lives and futures of these adolescent girls. Solution and Programs to Prevent Child Marriage
  • 26. Meaning Infant mortality is the death of a child less than one year of age. Childhood mortality is the death of a child before the child's fifth birthday. National statistics tend to group these two mortality rates together. Globally, ten million infants and children die each year before their fifth birthday; 99% of these deaths occur in developing nations. Infant mortality takes away society's potential physical, social, and human capital.
  • 27. Causes of infant mortality Generally the most common cause worldwide has been dehydration from diarrhea, a preventable disease; however, a variety of programs combating this problem have decreased the rate of children dying from dehydration. Many factors contribute to infant mortality such as the mother's level of education, environmental conditions, and political and medical infrastructure. Improving sanitation, access to clean drinking water, immunization against infectious diseases, and other public health measures could help reduce high rates of infant mortality.
  • 28. Prevention Before conception Screen women for health risks and pre-existing chronic conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and sexually transmitted diseases. Counsel women about contraception and provide access to effective family planning services (to prevent unintended pregnancies and unnecessary abortions). Counsel women about the benefits of good nutrition; encourage women especially to consume adequate amounts of folic acid supplements (to prevent neural tube defects) and iron. Advise women to avoid alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs. Advise women about the value of regular physical exercise.
  • 29. In 1990, 12.7 million children under age five died. In 2013 that number fell to 6.3 million, a reduction of about 50 per cent. In other words, about 17,000 children under 5 died every day in 2013 – 17,000 fewer than in 1990. The global progress in reducing newborn deaths is almost as striking. Between 1990 and 2013, the number of newborn babies who died within the first 28 days of life declined from 4.7 million to 2.8 million.
  • 31. Trafficking is a organized crime which violates all tenets of human dignity and rights. Trafficking is a centre and State subject India faces both In-country and Cross Border trafficking. What is trafficking
  • 32. How it is done?  Threat or use of force, coercion, abduction, fraud, deception, abuse of power or vulnerability, or giving payments or benefits to a person in control of the victim Why it is done?  For the purpose of exploitation, which includes exploiting the prostitution of others, sexual exploitation, forced labour, slavery or similar practices To ascertain whether a particular circumstance constitutes trafficking in persons, consider the definition of trafficking in the Trafficking in Persons Protocol and the constituent elements of the offense, as defined by relevant domestic legislation.
  • 33. Estimate place number of sex workers in country at 3 million of which 40 percent are children. 90% or more estimated as in-country and 5 to 10% to cross-border trafficking, reported mainly from Bangladesh and Nepal. Also, there are reports that people from India are being trafficked to Middle Eastern countries for domestic help, manual labour, child marriages etc.
  • 36. Trafficking in Human Beings or Persons is prohibited under the Constitution of India. The specific provisions relates to Article 23 (1) of the Constitution which is as follows:- 'Traffic in human beings and beggar and other similar forms of forced labour are prohibited and any contravention of this provision shall be an offence punishable in accordance with law'.
  • 38. Any unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, or other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature constitutes harassment when: Submission to such requests is made explicitly or implicitly a condition of one's employment (i.e., hiring, firing, raises, promotions, etc.).
  • 39. Submission to such conduct is used as the basis for employment decisions. Such behavior has the purpose or effect of "unreasonably" interfering with an individual's performance on the job or creating an intimidating, hostile, or offensive work environment.
  • 41. Unwanted physical contact, including touching, pinching, brushing the body, coerced sexual intercourse, or assault. Verbal sexual innuendoes, graphic comments about an individual's body, jokes of a sexual nature, suggestive comments, sexual propositions, or threats. Displays in the workplace of sexually suggestive objects or pictures
  • 42. Rape
  • 45. ...The perpetration of an act of sexual intercourse with a female, not one’s wife, against her will and consent, whether her will is overcome by force or fear resulting from the threat of force, or by drugs or intoxicants, or when because of mental deficiency, she is incapable of rational judgment, or when she is below an arbitrary age of consent.
  • 47. Rape is the fastest growing crime in India compared to murder, robbery and kidnapping. Mobile, cyber café, car, beach, mall, restaurant, hotel have become popular apparatus for the criminals .
  • 48. Criminal Sexual Assault in Illinois
  • 49. The accused commits criminal sexual assault if he or she: (1) commits an act of sexual penetration by the use of force or threat of force; or (2) commits an act of sexual penetration and the accused knew that the victim was unable to understand the nature of the act or was unable to give knowing consent; or (3) commits an act of sexual penetration with a victim who was under 18 years of age when the act was committed and the accused was a family member; or (4) commits an act of sexual penetration with a victim who was at least 13 years of age but under 18 years of age when the act was committed and the accused was 17 years of age or over and held a position of trust, authority or supervision in relation to the victim.
  • 51. A cultural preference for sons may be a factor driving recourse to abortion in India, as women carrying female fetuses may decide to terminate their pregnancies. To assess this hypothesis, more information on the incidence of abortion, and on maternal and social correlates of the procedure, is needed.
  • 52. CAN WE STOP THIS ? Yes we can stop this. Advertisement or communication in any form in print, by electronic media or internet can help to stop this. And save girl child.
  • 53. Dowry
  • 55. In modern age, even in this age of science and technology, many evil practices are prevalent in our society. These evil practices are early marriage and also the dowry system. Dowry as part of marriage consideration is prohibited by law in India. The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 was enacted to help the women who are victim of Dowry System
  • 56. Dowry System ( Dahej Pratha) Dowry System is known as “Dahej Pratha” in Hindi. Dowry refers to the amount of money and other valuables brought by a bride to her husband on their marriage.
  • 57. Causes of dowry system
  • 58. Worst causes of dowry system come regularly in India. The impact of dowry system not only causes to the living beings but also harmful for the unborn baby. Many times it is noticed that a married woman is abused and beaten for the money. She is teased by her husband, father-in-law, mother-in-law, sister- in-law and other family members. We can find some normal heading in news papers like “Woman suicides due to abuse and tease from mother-in-law”, “Mother-in-law burn her daughter-in-law for dowry” and much more. The majority of Indian people will agree that girls are not safe even after their marriage. Dowry system effects a lot in the social life of a person. If a family is caught for demanding dowry then ashamed is spread over the society.
  • 59. Evil effects of Dowry System
  • 60. In modern age, still in different cities, towns and in villages, the dowry system is going to be practiced. Even in poor families sometimes the father of an young bride had to take loan from the bank to pay the demand of a groom.
  • 61. The father has to purchase a motor bike, gold ring and furniture to decorate the house of a groom. Though anti-dowry bill has been passed in the parliament, it is not yet practically implemented. Sometimes young brides commit suicide for the torture.
  • 63. Women's are the wealth of India and they have contributed in almost every field and made country feel proud at every occasion The attention required is still not being paid to the issues that concern this section of population. Women empowerment in India is still a distant dream. . The declining sex ratio in India amply portrays the discrimination shown towards women at the stage of birth
  • 65. According to Cambridge English Dictionary ‘e empowerment' means ‘to authorize'. In the context of the people, they have to be authorized to have control over their own lives. Empowerment of women unlocks the door for modernization of any society. Participation and control over resources of power are critical indicators in the process of development. After independence, Government of India took several initiatives, programmes and policies, apart from constitutional and legal safeguards for the empowerment of women in the country.
  • 66. The Indian constitution grants equality to women and also empowers the state to adopt measures of positive discrimination in favour of women to neutralize the cumulative socio-economic, educational and political disadvantages faced by them. Constitutional provisions in India
  • 67. PUBLIC OPINION ABOUT SAFETY OF WOMEN IN METROPOLITAN CITIES
  • 68. DO U REALLY THINK THAT WOMEN ARE SAFE IN METROPOLITAN CITIES? YES: 14% NO: 86%
  • 69. HAVE U EVER NOTICED GIRLS BEING TEASED BY BOYS? YES: 76% NO: 24 %
  • 70. R U AWARE OF ANY MOBILE APP THAT PROVIDES U SAFETY? YES: 10% NO: 90%
  • 71. ARE U AFRAID TO GO OUT LATE NIGHT(FOR GIRLS)? YES: 75% NO: 25%
  • 72. WILL U ALLOW UR SISTER OR ANY FEMALE FRIEND TO GO OUT LATE NIGHT(FOR MALE)? YES: 15% NO: 85%
  • 73. Are short dresses worn by girls responsible for rape cases? YES: 16% NO: 84%
  • 74. DO U THINK GOVERNMENT IS DOING WELL TO PROVIDE SAFETY TO WOMEN? YES: 36% NO: 64%
  • 75. Where do u think women r mostly teased by boys? CROWDED AREA: 8% LONELY AREA: 12% ANY AREA: 76% OTHERS: 4%
  • 76. CAN U TRUST UR MALE RELATIVES REGARDING SAFETY OF FEMALE FAMILY MEMBERS? YES: 88% If yes then, ALL OF THEM: 6% SOME OF THEM: 16% NO: 12%
  • 77. WHOM DO U CONSIDER FOR ALL THE CRIMES RELATED TO WOMEN? WOMEN: 4% MEN: 12% GOVERNMENT: 8% SOCIETY: 68% OTHERS: 8%
  • 78. WHERE DO U THINK THAT CRIME AGAINST WOMEN ARE COMITTED MORE? RURAL: 8% URBBAN: 16% BOTH: 76%
  • 81. The daughters of the soil have made India proud of their great works and achievements. They have made a difference to India in every respective field. Lets cherish their hardships, sacrifices and achievements as a mother, wife, daughter, leaders……. ON THE account of the International Women's Day, I felt of finding out who has been India's greatest woman ever. Well to find the greatest Indian woman is like finding out the sweetest mango from a tree embraced with ripen mangoes. So, it would be ideal if top five women can be decided. Hence considering every field, I reached the following list (not in order) though it will be highly debatable.
  • 82. India Gandhi: She has been our greatest woman politician ever. There were many great achievements in her name, most famous one being the victory against Pakistan in 1971 war. But as we know the great leaders have number of enemies too, it is not surprising that she was assassinated.
  • 83. Rani Laxmi Bai: She was one of the firsts to counter the Britishers. The world, which is ruled by men, she was one of the few women, who could defeat any enemy in the battle field. She can be called the bravest Indian woman in this regard.
  • 84. Saroda Devi: When the world is filled with fashions there were some great spiritual men like Ramkrishna Paramhamsa and Swami Vivekananda, who came forward to maintain the faith in God. But while about these two, one cannot forget the Holy Mother Saroda Devi. She was one of the few people in modern era, who managed to spread the importance of religion.
  • 85. Kalpana Chawla: She was the first Indian born woman and the second Indian after Rakesh Sharma to fly to the moon. It was a great tragedy that India lost one of her famous daughter in the space shuttle disaster. She was just 42.
  • 86. Lata Mangeshkar: If tiger is our national animal and peacock is our national bird, then this will not be wrong to call Lata Mangeshkar our national voice. She is one of the few people in the world who could maintain same voice right from her childhood till the age of eighty. She was the first Bollywood person and the second Indian filmy person after Satyajit Ray to be conferred the Bharat Ratna.
  • 87. However, I deeply regret for not being able to include Sonia Gandhi, Sarojini Naidu, Meera Bai, Nargis, Karnam Malleswari the list.
  • 88. Steps taken by Government
  • 89. To prevent Domestic violence: The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 came into force on October 26, 2006. To prevent Female Infanticide: All medical tests that can be used to determine the sex of the child have been banned in India,.
  • 91. In 1961, the Government of India passed the Dowry Prohibition Act, making the dowry demands in wedding arrangements illegal. In 1985, the Dowry Prohibition rules were framed IPC Section 498-A: states, that whoever being the husband or relative of the husband of woman, subjects such woman to cruelty shall be punished with the imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years and also be liable to fine.
  • 92. The Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act was passed in 1956. However many cases of trafficking of young girls and women have been reported. Trafficking:
  • 93. CONTRIBUTION OF YOUTH FOR WOMEN’S SAFETY
  • 94. • Use Social Media • Be media literate and critical • Interrupt sexist/homophobic and transphobic language • Interrupt abuse • Stop street harassment • Come up with an action plan Following are the ways that can be practiced by youths for women’s safety
  • 95. • Stop rape culture •Stop Victim Blaming • Educate yourself on the roots of violence • Confront yourself/your ideas •Remember violence is a choice •Be Supportive •Be aware of resources for girls and women
  • 96. •Talk to others about ending violence and be a mentor •Recognize the role of gender in violence
  • 98. Women who felt stronger bonds to their sorority sisters were more likely to conform to the group’s prevailing views about rape myths. Those in sororities where beliefs in rape myths were prevalent came to endorse rape myths over time. Those in sororities where doubts about rape myths were prevalent came to doubt rape myths over time.