This document defines hernia and describes the different types of hernias. It explains that a hernia is an abnormal protrusion of an organ or tissue through a weak spot in the muscle wall of the cavity it is normally contained within. The most common locations for hernias are the abdominal cavity, inguinal canal, umbilicus, and femoral ring. Symptoms can include a bulge or lump, pain, discomfort, vomiting, and difficulty breathing. Hernias are typically diagnosed through physical examination, ultrasound, x-ray, or barium swallow. Treatment options include medical management with a truss or surgical repair through herniotomy, herniorrhaphy, or hernioplasty procedures.
2. “It is a abnormal protrusion of
an organ or part of an organ
through the wall of the cavity”
It may occur at any part of the
body, but most common in
abdominal cavity.
4. Inguinal hernia
a. Direct Inguinal hernia
b. Indirect Inguinal hernia
Umbilical hernia
Femoral hernia
Incisional hernia or ventral
hernia
Hital hernia
6. A. Direct inguinal hernia- Occur through
inguinal ring due to weakness of the
abdominal wall.
B. Indirect inguinal hernia- Bowel passes
through the wall in an area of muscular
weakness
7. Occur through the umbilicus due to increase
abdominal pressure. it is usually occur in
obese & multiparous women.
15. Medical management-
A truss
Pad held a place by a belt
Pad is placed over the hernia (reduce hernia)
Surgical management-
Indirect inguinal hernia—Herniotomy.
Herniorrhaphy (Removal of a hernial sac & repair of
the abdominal wall)
Hernioplasty- Plastic repai of the abdominal wall.
Herniotomy- Removal of hernia