Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
SlideShare a Scribd company logo

Conditionals - Grammar explanation

•Download as PPT, PDF•
•
A
Angel Ingenio

The document discusses different types of conditional clauses in English: 1. Zero conditional clauses refer to real facts using the present simple tense, such as "If you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils." 2. First conditional clauses refer to possible situations in the present or future using verbs like "will" or "may", like "If she studies, she will pass the test." 3. Second conditional clauses refer to hypothetical or unlikely situations using "would" with the past simple tense, like "If I won the lottery, I would buy a car immediately." Special rules apply for using "to be" verbs in the if-clause.

1 of 8
CONDITIONAL CLAUSES IF introduces a condition – something which may or may not happen, depending on circumstances . If it rains , we will stay at home If you don’t study , you won’t pass. the MAIN clause presents the results If it rains, we will stay at home
Zero conditional They present real facts, scientific truths If you heat water to 100 degrees , It boils If you heat ice, it melts + Present Simple Present Simple IF / When
ZERO CONDITIONALS EXAMPLES If you don’t eat , you die If it doesn’t rain , the grass doesn’t grow Ice floats if you drop it into water If you put oil into water, it floats My teacher gets angry if I am late.
CONDITIONAL I When something is possible now or in the future. We can also give advice or issue a threat or warning. If she studies, she will pass the Geography test. (It is possible!!) Will Can May / might Imperative Must Should Present Simple + IF UNLESS
FIRST CONDITIONAL EXAMPLES If you want , I will buy it. If you want it, you can have it If you want it , buy it yourself (advice). Your teacher will get angry if you are late (warning)
► UNLESS = IF NOT If it do es n’t rain, We will go out for a walk UNLESS It rain s , we will go out for a walk ► REWRITE THESE SENTENCES USING UNLESS If we don’t finish soon, we will miss the train If he doesn’t swim , he won’t go to the swimming pool Unless we finish soon, we will miss the train Unless he swims , he won’t go to the swimming pool
CONDITIONALII (HYPOTHETICAL) This type of conditional clause shows a hypothetical situation. It could happen but it isn’t probable . If I won the lottery , I would buy a car immediately ► SPECIAL RULES : TO BE IS ALWAYS WERE If he were here , he would help me ( but he isn’t here, so he can’t help me) If I were you, I would …. (advice) Would Might Could Past Simple + IF UNLESS
CONDITIONALII (HYPOTHETICAL) EXAMPLES If I lived to be 100, I would probably be very tired If we bought the house, we’ d need to sell our car We would have to cancel the game if it rained If I were you, I would talk to him

More Related Content

Conditionals - Grammar explanation

  • 1. CONDITIONAL CLAUSES IF introduces a condition – something which may or may not happen, depending on circumstances . If it rains , we will stay at home If you don’t study , you won’t pass. the MAIN clause presents the results If it rains, we will stay at home
  • 2. Zero conditional They present real facts, scientific truths If you heat water to 100 degrees , It boils If you heat ice, it melts + Present Simple Present Simple IF / When
  • 3. ZERO CONDITIONALS EXAMPLES If you don’t eat , you die If it doesn’t rain , the grass doesn’t grow Ice floats if you drop it into water If you put oil into water, it floats My teacher gets angry if I am late.
  • 4. CONDITIONAL I When something is possible now or in the future. We can also give advice or issue a threat or warning. If she studies, she will pass the Geography test. (It is possible!!) Will Can May / might Imperative Must Should Present Simple + IF UNLESS
  • 5. FIRST CONDITIONAL EXAMPLES If you want , I will buy it. If you want it, you can have it If you want it , buy it yourself (advice). Your teacher will get angry if you are late (warning)
  • 6. ► UNLESS = IF NOT If it do es n’t rain, We will go out for a walk UNLESS It rain s , we will go out for a walk ► REWRITE THESE SENTENCES USING UNLESS If we don’t finish soon, we will miss the train If he doesn’t swim , he won’t go to the swimming pool Unless we finish soon, we will miss the train Unless he swims , he won’t go to the swimming pool
  • 7. CONDITIONALII (HYPOTHETICAL) This type of conditional clause shows a hypothetical situation. It could happen but it isn’t probable . If I won the lottery , I would buy a car immediately ► SPECIAL RULES : TO BE IS ALWAYS WERE If he were here , he would help me ( but he isn’t here, so he can’t help me) If I were you, I would …. (advice) Would Might Could Past Simple + IF UNLESS
  • 8. CONDITIONALII (HYPOTHETICAL) EXAMPLES If I lived to be 100, I would probably be very tired If we bought the house, we’ d need to sell our car We would have to cancel the game if it rained If I were you, I would talk to him