Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
SlideShare a Scribd company logo

Exogenic processe sppt

•Download as PPT, PDF•
•
Anabelle Montevirgen
Anabelle Montevirgen

The document discusses various exogenic (surface) geologic processes including weathering, mass wasting, erosion, and sedimentation. It defines different types of weathering such as physical, chemical, and biotic weathering. The key physical weathering processes mentioned are block disintegration, exfoliation, and frost weathering. The main chemical weathering processes covered are oxidation, carbonation, hydration, and solution. The document also discusses different types of mass wasting including different classifications based on speed and moisture content. Finally, it defines erosion and the major types as wind erosion, sheet erosion, rill erosion, and gully erosion.

1 of 27
Exogenic Processes Weathering, Mass Wasting and Erosion
08/04/19 ROCKS AND MINERALS CONTENT STANDARDS: We should be able to demonstrate an understanding of: 1. the geologic processes that occur on the surface of the Earth such as weathering, erosion, mass wasting, and sedimentation (include the role of ocean basins in the formation of sedimentary rocks) 2. the geologic processes that occur within the Earth 3. the folding and faulting of rocks 4. plate tectonics
08/04/19 PROCESSES OF THE EARTH PERFORMANCE STANDARDS: You should be able to conduct a survey or design a study to assess the possible hydro meteorological hazards that your community may experience.
08/04/19 PROCESSES OF THE EARTH FORMATION STANDARDS: We should be able to: •Show appreciation of environmental importance of minerals •Transfer rocks with care •Help prevent erosion •Open up a discussion on the effects of weathering and erosion:Obey policies in mining •Circulate the information about mining •Know that minerals are important in the body •Share one’s appreciation of the different minerals
08/04/19 PROCESSES OF THE EARTH OBJECTIVES: We should be able to demonstrate an understanding of: •describe how rocks undergo weathering •Identify common rock-forming minerals using their physical and chemical properties •explain how the products of weathering are carried away by erosion and deposited elsewhere •make a report on how rocks and soil move downslope due to the direct action of gravity •describe where the Earth’s internal heat comes from •describe magmatism, plutonism, volcanism and metamorphism •compare and contrast the formation of the different types of igneous rocks •describe how rocks behave under different types of stress such as compression, pulling apart, and shearing •explain how the continents drift and cite evidence that support continental drift •explain how the movement of plates leads to the formation of folds and faults •explain how the seafloor spreads •describe the structure and evolution of ocean basins
08/04/19 PROCESSES OF THE EARTH ESSENTIAL QUESTION: How do the hydrosphere affects the geosphere? How do volcanic eruptions and earthquakes affects the geosphere? How are rocks on Earth’s crust deformed?
MOTIVATION
WEATHERING
WEATHERINGThe combined action (physical/chemical process) that disintegrate and decompose rocks thru the elements of the weather.
PHYSICAL WEATHERINGAlso called mechani cal weat heri ng. Happens whenever rocks are broken up without any change in their chemical composition. Also called mechani cal weat heri ng. Happens whenever rocks are broken up without any change in their chemical composition. FACTORS AFFECTING PHYSICAL WEATHERING PROCESSES OF PHYSICAL WEATHERING BLOCK DISINTEGRATION EXFOLIATION FROST WEATHERING PRESSURE TEMPERATURE WATER ICE
PHYSICAL WEATHERING: BLOCK DISINTEGRATION 08/04/19 Caused by excessive heating and cooling that causes the repeated expansion and contraction of rocks leading to contraction that creates stress along the joints breaking the rock, block by block. Mostly seen in hot desert regions Mostly seen in hot desert regions
PHYSICAL WEATHERING: EXFOLIATION 08/04/19 The stripping of the outer layers of the rock due to intense heating. Outer layers peel off from the inner layers which remain almost unaffected by heat.
PHYSICAL WEATHERING: FROST WEATHERING 08/04/19 Refers to the alternate freezing and melting of water inside joints of rocks causing them to split into smaller particles/ fragments
CHEMICAL WEATHERINGWeakening or disintegration of rocks and the formation of new compounds or substances caused by chemical reactions. Weakening or disintegration of rocks and the formation of new compounds or substances caused by chemical reactions. PROCESSES OF CHEMICAL WEATHERING OXIDATION CARBONATION HYDRATION SOLUTION
CHEMICAL WEATHERING: OXIDATION 08/04/19 The process in which oxygen reacts with the rocks and changes its mineral composition. Greatest impact are observed on ferrous minerals
CHEMICAL WEATHERING: CARBONATION 08/04/19 The process involving the formation of various types of carbonates in rocks. Rainwater that contain CO2 contain Carbonic acid that passes thru permeable limestones resulting the enlargement of it and removal of lime that holds the particles together.
CHEMICAL WEATHERING: HYDRATION 08/04/19 Result of the absorption/ combination of water and particular substance on the rock leading to the change in shape. OPHIOLITE
CHEMICAL WEATHERING: SOLUTION 08/04/19 Process in which some of the minerals in the rocks are directly dissolved in water. Water continues to weaken, deform, broke and disintegrate rocks GYPSUM AND ROCK SALT GYPSUM AND ROCK SALT
BIOTIC WEATHERINGAlso called BI OLOGI CAL WEATHERI NG. The disintegration of rocks caused by living organisms Also called BI OLOGI CAL WEATHERI NG. The disintegration of rocks caused by living organisms CONTRIBUTORS OF BIOTIC WEATHERING PLANTS ANIMALS HUMAN
MASS WASTING 08/04/19
MASS WASTING 08/04/19 Refers to the natural process of the downslope movement of rock, regolith and soil because of gravity that occurs after weathering. Refers to the natural process of the downslope movement of rock, regolith and soil because of gravity that occurs after weathering. Classified based on their moisture(water content) and speed (rate of movement)Classified based on their moisture(water content) and speed (rate of movement)
SOIL EROSION08/04/19
SOIL EROSION 08/04/19 Product of weathering. It is the disintegration of rocks into the particles of soil. Removal of soil at a greater rate than its replacement by natural agents. Product of weathering. It is the disintegration of rocks into the particles of soil. Removal of soil at a greater rate than its replacement by natural agents. TYPES OF EROSION WIND EROSION SHEET EROSION RILL EROSION GULLY EROSION
SOIL EROSION: WIND EROSION 08/04/19 Happens when wind s carry large amount of fine soil particles and sand away from a region, spreading it over adjoining cultivated land and destroying their fertility. Happens when wind s carry large amount of fine soil particles and sand away from a region, spreading it over adjoining cultivated land and destroying their fertility.
SOIL EROSION: SHEET EROSION 08/04/19 The removal of thin layers of soil because of surface run off and rain.If left unattended, there will be elimination of nutrients due to the removal of the topsoil resulting to unusable land. The removal of thin layers of soil because of surface run off and rain.If left unattended, there will be elimination of nutrients due to the removal of the topsoil resulting to unusable land.
SOIL EROSION: RILL EROSION 08/04/19 The removal of the soil by the action of concentrated running water that creates a cm-deep tiny channels(rills) which carry water during storms. The removal of the soil by the action of concentrated running water that creates a cm-deep tiny channels(rills) which carry water during storms.
SOIL EROSION: GULLY EROSION 08/04/19 The removal of the soil in water channels or drainage lines. The gullies gradually multiply and spread over a wide area that will then be called badlands/ravines. The removal of the soil in water channels or drainage lines. The gullies gradually multiply and spread over a wide area that will then be called badlands/ravines.

More Related Content

Exogenic processe sppt

  • 2. 08/04/19 ROCKS AND MINERALS CONTENT STANDARDS: We should be able to demonstrate an understanding of: 1. the geologic processes that occur on the surface of the Earth such as weathering, erosion, mass wasting, and sedimentation (include the role of ocean basins in the formation of sedimentary rocks) 2. the geologic processes that occur within the Earth 3. the folding and faulting of rocks 4. plate tectonics
  • 3. 08/04/19 PROCESSES OF THE EARTH PERFORMANCE STANDARDS: You should be able to conduct a survey or design a study to assess the possible hydro meteorological hazards that your community may experience.
  • 4. 08/04/19 PROCESSES OF THE EARTH FORMATION STANDARDS: We should be able to: •Show appreciation of environmental importance of minerals •Transfer rocks with care •Help prevent erosion •Open up a discussion on the effects of weathering and erosion:Obey policies in mining •Circulate the information about mining •Know that minerals are important in the body •Share one’s appreciation of the different minerals
  • 5. 08/04/19 PROCESSES OF THE EARTH OBJECTIVES: We should be able to demonstrate an understanding of: •describe how rocks undergo weathering •Identify common rock-forming minerals using their physical and chemical properties •explain how the products of weathering are carried away by erosion and deposited elsewhere •make a report on how rocks and soil move downslope due to the direct action of gravity •describe where the Earth’s internal heat comes from •describe magmatism, plutonism, volcanism and metamorphism •compare and contrast the formation of the different types of igneous rocks •describe how rocks behave under different types of stress such as compression, pulling apart, and shearing •explain how the continents drift and cite evidence that support continental drift •explain how the movement of plates leads to the formation of folds and faults •explain how the seafloor spreads •describe the structure and evolution of ocean basins
  • 6. 08/04/19 PROCESSES OF THE EARTH ESSENTIAL QUESTION: How do the hydrosphere affects the geosphere? How do volcanic eruptions and earthquakes affects the geosphere? How are rocks on Earth’s crust deformed?
  • 9. WEATHERINGThe combined action (physical/chemical process) that disintegrate and decompose rocks thru the elements of the weather.
  • 10. PHYSICAL WEATHERINGAlso called mechani cal weat heri ng. Happens whenever rocks are broken up without any change in their chemical composition. Also called mechani cal weat heri ng. Happens whenever rocks are broken up without any change in their chemical composition. FACTORS AFFECTING PHYSICAL WEATHERING PROCESSES OF PHYSICAL WEATHERING BLOCK DISINTEGRATION EXFOLIATION FROST WEATHERING PRESSURE TEMPERATURE WATER ICE
  • 11. PHYSICAL WEATHERING: BLOCK DISINTEGRATION 08/04/19 Caused by excessive heating and cooling that causes the repeated expansion and contraction of rocks leading to contraction that creates stress along the joints breaking the rock, block by block. Mostly seen in hot desert regions Mostly seen in hot desert regions
  • 12. PHYSICAL WEATHERING: EXFOLIATION 08/04/19 The stripping of the outer layers of the rock due to intense heating. Outer layers peel off from the inner layers which remain almost unaffected by heat.
  • 13. PHYSICAL WEATHERING: FROST WEATHERING 08/04/19 Refers to the alternate freezing and melting of water inside joints of rocks causing them to split into smaller particles/ fragments
  • 14. CHEMICAL WEATHERINGWeakening or disintegration of rocks and the formation of new compounds or substances caused by chemical reactions. Weakening or disintegration of rocks and the formation of new compounds or substances caused by chemical reactions. PROCESSES OF CHEMICAL WEATHERING OXIDATION CARBONATION HYDRATION SOLUTION
  • 15. CHEMICAL WEATHERING: OXIDATION 08/04/19 The process in which oxygen reacts with the rocks and changes its mineral composition. Greatest impact are observed on ferrous minerals
  • 16. CHEMICAL WEATHERING: CARBONATION 08/04/19 The process involving the formation of various types of carbonates in rocks. Rainwater that contain CO2 contain Carbonic acid that passes thru permeable limestones resulting the enlargement of it and removal of lime that holds the particles together.
  • 17. CHEMICAL WEATHERING: HYDRATION 08/04/19 Result of the absorption/ combination of water and particular substance on the rock leading to the change in shape. OPHIOLITE
  • 18. CHEMICAL WEATHERING: SOLUTION 08/04/19 Process in which some of the minerals in the rocks are directly dissolved in water. Water continues to weaken, deform, broke and disintegrate rocks GYPSUM AND ROCK SALT GYPSUM AND ROCK SALT
  • 19. BIOTIC WEATHERINGAlso called BI OLOGI CAL WEATHERI NG. The disintegration of rocks caused by living organisms Also called BI OLOGI CAL WEATHERI NG. The disintegration of rocks caused by living organisms CONTRIBUTORS OF BIOTIC WEATHERING PLANTS ANIMALS HUMAN
  • 21. MASS WASTING 08/04/19 Refers to the natural process of the downslope movement of rock, regolith and soil because of gravity that occurs after weathering. Refers to the natural process of the downslope movement of rock, regolith and soil because of gravity that occurs after weathering. Classified based on their moisture(water content) and speed (rate of movement)Classified based on their moisture(water content) and speed (rate of movement)
  • 23. SOIL EROSION 08/04/19 Product of weathering. It is the disintegration of rocks into the particles of soil. Removal of soil at a greater rate than its replacement by natural agents. Product of weathering. It is the disintegration of rocks into the particles of soil. Removal of soil at a greater rate than its replacement by natural agents. TYPES OF EROSION WIND EROSION SHEET EROSION RILL EROSION GULLY EROSION
  • 24. SOIL EROSION: WIND EROSION 08/04/19 Happens when wind s carry large amount of fine soil particles and sand away from a region, spreading it over adjoining cultivated land and destroying their fertility. Happens when wind s carry large amount of fine soil particles and sand away from a region, spreading it over adjoining cultivated land and destroying their fertility.
  • 25. SOIL EROSION: SHEET EROSION 08/04/19 The removal of thin layers of soil because of surface run off and rain.If left unattended, there will be elimination of nutrients due to the removal of the topsoil resulting to unusable land. The removal of thin layers of soil because of surface run off and rain.If left unattended, there will be elimination of nutrients due to the removal of the topsoil resulting to unusable land.
  • 26. SOIL EROSION: RILL EROSION 08/04/19 The removal of the soil by the action of concentrated running water that creates a cm-deep tiny channels(rills) which carry water during storms. The removal of the soil by the action of concentrated running water that creates a cm-deep tiny channels(rills) which carry water during storms.
  • 27. SOIL EROSION: GULLY EROSION 08/04/19 The removal of the soil in water channels or drainage lines. The gullies gradually multiply and spread over a wide area that will then be called badlands/ravines. The removal of the soil in water channels or drainage lines. The gullies gradually multiply and spread over a wide area that will then be called badlands/ravines.